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'''General Electric Company''' ('''GE''') adalah sebuah [[Konglomerat (perusahaan)|konglomerat]] [[perusahaan multinasional|multinasional]] yang didirikan di [[New York]] dan berkantor pusat di [[Boston]]. Hingga tahun 2018, perusahaan ini berbisnis di bidang [[GE Aviation|aviasi]], [[GE Healthcare|perawatan kesehatan]], [[GE Power|tenaga]], [[GE Renewable Energy|energi terbarukan]], [[GE Digital|industri digital]], [[produksi aditif]], serta [[GE Capital|modal ventura dan keuangan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ge.com/investor-relations/sites/default/files/GE_AR17.pdf#page=38|title=Summary of Operating Segments|publisher=GE|access-date=April 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412212038/https://www.ge.com/investor-relations/sites/default/files/GE_AR17.pdf#page=38|archive-date=April 12, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Dismantle">{{Cite web|last=Egan |first=Matt |date=June 13, 2018 |title=Inside the dismantling of GE |publisher=CNN |url=https://money.cnn.com/interactive/news/GE-dismantling-interactive/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613190108/http://money.cnn.com/interactive/news/GE-dismantling-interactive/ |archive-date=June 13, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Pada tahun 2020, GE menempati peringkat ke-33 dalam daftar [[Fortune 500]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fortune 500|url=https://fortune.com/company/general-electric/fortune500/|access-date=August 10, 2020|website=Fortune|language=en-US|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806105729/https://fortune.com/company/general-electric/fortune500/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada tahun 2011, GE menempati peringkat ke-14 dalam daftar Fortune 20, namun sejak saat itu, performa perusahaan ini memburuk, karena profitabilitasnya juga menurun.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ge-powered-the-american-centurythen-it-burned-out-11544796010|title=GE Powered the American Century—Then It Burned Out|first=Thomas Gryta and Ted|last=Mann|date=December 14, 2018|access-date=August 11, 2019|via=www.wsj.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810053236/https://www.wsj.com/articles/ge-powered-the-american-centurythen-it-burned-out-11544796010|archive-date=August 10, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fortune.com/longform/ge-decline-what-the-hell-happened/|title=What the Hell Happened at GE?|website=Fortune|access-date=August 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811113234/https://fortune.com/longform/ge-decline-what-the-hell-happened/|archive-date=August 11, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Fortune 500: IBM profit">{{cite magazine |url=https://money.cnn.com/galleries/2011/fortune/1104/gallery.fortune500_most_profitable.fortune/14.html |title=Fortune 20 most profitable companies: IBM |year=2011 |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=December 17, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110508122544/http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2011/fortune/1104/gallery.fortune500_most_profitable.fortune/14.html |archive-date=May 8, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Ada dua pegawai GE yang pernah menerima [[Hadiah Nobel]], yakni [[Irving Langmuir]] (1932) dan [[Ivar Giaever]] (1973).<ref>{{cite web |title=Heritage of Research |publisher=General Electric |url=http://www.ge.com/about-us/history/research-heritage |access-date=June 1, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810030100/https://www.ge.com/about-us/history/research-heritage |archive-date=August 10, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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Pada tahun 1927, pegawai GE, [[Ernst Alexanderson]] membuat demonstrasi pertama mengenai penerimaan siaran televisi di rumah [[General Electric Realty Plot]] di Jalan Adams nomor 1132, Schenectady, New York.<ref name="inventors.about.com">{{cite web|url=http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blalexanderson.htm|title=Ernst Alexanderson|work=About.com Inventors|access-date=January 8, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130116052437/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blalexanderson.htm|archive-date=January 16, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cherishedtelevision.co.uk/history2.html |title=Dr Ernst Frederick Werner Alexanderson |publisher=Cherished Television UK |access-date=December 1, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208051924/http://www.cherishedtelevision.co.uk/history2.html|archive-date=December 8, 2015}}</ref> Pada tanggal 13 Januari 1928, ia membuat apa yang dikatakan sebagai penyiaran pertama untuk umum di Amerika Serikat<ref name="inventors.about.com"/> melalui [[W2XAD]] milik GE. Gambar disiarkan ke layar berukuran 1,5 inci persegi (9,7 centimeter persegi) di rumah dari empat pimpinan GE. Sementara suaranya disiarkan melalui [[WGY (AM)]] milik GE.{{citation needed|date=Januari 2017}}
Stasiun televisi eksperimental W2XAD kemudian berevolusi menjadi [[WRGB]], yang bersama WGY dan WGFM (kini [[WRVE]]), dimiliki dan dioperasikan oleh General Electric hingga tahun 1983.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schenectady Country Historical Society|title=Niskayuna: Images of America|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-1439-63-7500|location=United States of America}}</ref> Perusahaan ini juga memiliki stasiun televisi seperti KOA-TV (kini KCNC-TV) di Denver<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/68-OCR/1968-03-23-BC-OCR-Page-0024.pdf |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2022-01-24 |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181707/https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/68-OCR/1968-03-23-BC-OCR-Page-0024.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref> dan WSIX-TV (kemudian WNGE-TV, kini WKRN) di Nashville,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/67-OCR/1967-03-20-BC-OCR-Page-0107.pdf |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2022-01-24 |archive-date=2021-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182429/https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/67-OCR/1967-03-20-BC-OCR-Page-0107.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref> namun seperti WRGB, General Electric menjual sebagian besar aset penyiarannya, dan hanya mempertahankan stasiun televisi di Denver<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/11/16/business/ge-divestiture.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2022-01-24 |archive-date=2021-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712093631/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/11/16/business/ge-divestiture.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> hingga General Electric membeli RCA dan menjadikannya stasiun penyiaran, hingga tahun 1995, saat diserahkan ke Group W.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-13-ca-16849-story.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2022-01-24 |archive-date=2021-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711200319/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-12-13-ca-16849-story.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
===Pembangkitan listrik===
{{main|GE Energy}}
{{see also|GE Wind Energy}}
Dipimpin oleh [[Sanford Alexander Moss]], GE beralih ke bisnis produksi [[turbosupercharger]] pesawat terbang.{{citation needed|date=Mei 2014}} Produksi tersebut kemudian juga mengarah pada pengembangan mesin turbin gas industrial yang digunakan untuk membangkitkan listrik.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.axcontrol.com/blog/2020/a-history-of-ge-speedtronic-turbine-control/27/01/ |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2022-01-24 |archive-date=2021-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226074036/https://www.axcontrol.com/blog/2020/a-history-of-ge-speedtronic-turbine-control/27/01/ |dead-url=no }}</ref> GE memperkenalkan perangkat supercharger pertamanya pada Perang Dunia I, dan terus mengembangkannya selama [[periode antar perang]]. Supercharger kemudian menjadi sangat diperlukan di tahun-tahun menjelang Perang Dunia II. GE pun memasok 300.000 turbo supercharger untuk dipasang di pesawat tempur dan pesawat pengebom. Korps Penerbangan Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat kemudian menunjuk GE untuk mengembangkan mesin jet selama perang.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.assemblymag.com/articles/93760-general-electric-pioneers-jet-engine-manufacturing|title=General Electric Pioneers Jet Engine Manufacturing|last=Weber|first=Austin|date=March 28, 2017|work=Assembly Magazine|access-date=January 5, 2018|publisher=BNP Media|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704173947/http://www.assemblymag.com/articles/93760-general-electric-pioneers-jet-engine-manufacturing|archive-date=July 4, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> GE pun mengembangkan [[mesin jet]] [[Whittle W.1]] yang akhirnya didemonstrasikan di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1941.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Whittle |first1=Sir Frank |last2=Golley |first2=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W6HcngEACAAJ |title=Jet |edition=illustrated |editor-last=Gunston |editor-first=Bill |publisher=Datum Publishing |year=2010 |pages=181–182 |isbn=978-1907472008 |access-date=January 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205124418/https://books.google.com/books?id=W6HcngEACAAJ |archive-date=February 5, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Referensi==
{{Reflist}}
==
* Carlson, W. Bernard. ''Innovation as a Social Process: Elihu Thomson and the Rise of General Electric, 1870–1900'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991).
* Woodbury, David O. ''Elihu Thomson, Beloved Scientist'' (Boston: Museum of Science, 1944)
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