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Baris 3:
| name = Gerakan Bintang Lima
| native_name = Movimento 5 Stelle
| logo = [[Berkas:FiveM5S Starlogo Movement2050.svg|170px|Five Star Movement logo]]
| leader1_title = Penjamin
| leader1_name = [[Beppe Grillo]]<ref name="M5S">{{cite news|title=M5s, ecco lo statuto del Movimento 5 stelle. L'atto costitutivo firmato a Cogoleto da Beppe Grillo, il nipote Enrico Grillo e il commercialista. Non compare il nome di Casaleggio|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2013/03/12/ecco-statuto-movimento-5stelle_n_2860351.html|author=Andrea Bassi|work=The Huffington Post|date=12 March 2013|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608194604/https://www.huffingtonpost.it/2013/03/12/ecco-statuto-movimento-5stelle_n_2860351.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2018/01/12/m5s-di-maio-grillo-sempre-con-noi-garante-e-risorsa_48c18cf0-b714-446a-9fc9-b9403d9e943a.html|title=M5S: Di Maio, Grillo sempre con noi, garante e risorsa - Politica|date=12 January 2018|publisher=|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329141952/https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2018/01/12/m5s-di-maio-grillo-sempre-con-noi-garante-e-risorsa_48c18cf0-b714-446a-9fc9-b9403d9e943a.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| leader2_title = Pemimpin
| leader2_name = [[Luigi Di Maio]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/politica/m5s_le_regole_per_candidarsi-3456092.html|title=M5S, arriva la nuova associazione: Di Maio è capo politico e tesoriere|publisher=|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320095916/https://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/politica/m5s_le_regole_per_candidarsi-3456092.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| leader3_title = Pendiri
| leader3_name = [[Beppe Grillo]]<br>[[Gianroberto Casaleggio]]
| foundation = 4 Oktober 2009
| headquarters = Via Nomentana 257, [[Roma]], [[Italia]]
| slogan =
| slogan = odiano tutti i Romani, la tecnologia gli smartphone solo noi possiamo andare su internet ,odiano tutti gli eterosessuali odiano tutti bambini odiano tutto la Roma ,città di Roma odiano tutta la nostra storia italica odiano tutti i giovani adulti soprattutto odiano internet solo noi possiamo usarlo mentre gli altri hanno la mattina la nonofobia
| newspaper = ''{{url|http://www.ilblogdellestelle.it|ilblogdellestelle.it}}''
| membership_year = 2016
| membership = 135.023<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beppegrillo.it/2016/10/risultati_delle_votazioni_sul_non_statuto_e_il_regolamento_del_movimento_5_stelle.html|title=Risultati delle votazioni sul Non Statuto e il Regolamento del MoVimento 5 Stelle|publisher=beppegrillo.it|date=28 October 2016|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2017-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211051121/http://www.beppegrillo.it/2016/10/risultati_delle_votazioni_sul_non_statuto_e_il_regolamento_del_movimento_5_stelle.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| ideology = [[Populisme]]<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44066711 http|title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2023-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727183748/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44066711] |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>[{{Cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/04/populist-five-star-movement-wins-largest-share-vote-italian/ |title=Populist Five Star Movement wins largest share of vote in Italian election, exit poll indicates] |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2023-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604000725/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/04/populist-five-star-movement-wins-largest-share-vote-italian/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><br>[[Anti kemapanan]]<ref>[{{Cite web |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e6a89252-1ffa-11e8-a895-1ba1f72c2c11 |title=Italy anti-establishment parties make big gains in election] |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2020-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200210083739/https://www.ft.com/content/e6a89252-1ffa-11e8-a895-1ba1f72c2c11 |dead-url=no }}</ref><br>[[Demokrasi langsung]]<ref>[{{Cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/theworldpost/wp/2018/03/19/five-star/?utm_term=.6fb5aab99bb9 |title=A top leader of Italy’s Five Star Movement: Why we won] |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2020-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108111724/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/theworldpost/wp/2018/03/19/five-star/?utm_term=.6fb5aab99bb9 |dead-url=no }}</ref><br>[[Demokrasi virtual]]<ref>[{{Cite web |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/08/can-beppe-grillo-internet-demo-2014823124259908116.html |title=Can Beppe Grillo's internet democracy work?] |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2020-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920192448/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/08/can-beppe-grillo-internet-demo-2014823124259908116.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><br>[[Pelestarian lingkungan hidup]]<ref>[{{Cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davekeating/2018/03/05/on-energy-italys-five-star-movement-could-rock-the-boat/#672ca0da6006 |title=On Energy, Italy's Five Star Movement Could Rock The Boat] |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2022-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922153701/https://www.forbes.com/sites/davekeating/2018/03/05/on-energy-italys-five-star-movement-could-rock-the-boat/#672ca0da6006 |dead-url=no }}</ref><br>[[Euroskeptisisme]]<ref>[{{Cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/05/italy-turns-back-on-europe-as-election-points-to-hung-parliament |title=Eurosceptic Italy in race to form majority government] |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2018-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305122418/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/05/italy-turns-back-on-europe-as-election-points-to-hung-parliament |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| position = [[Tenda besar]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ft.com/content/553bcf9a-d326-11e6-b06b-680c49b4b4c0 |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2018-06-02 |archive-date=2018-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121071356/https://www.ft.com/content/553bcf9a-d326-11e6-b06b-680c49b4b4c0 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| national = [[Pemerintahan Perubahan]]
| european = ''Tidak ada''
Baris 38:
'''Gerakan Bintang Lima''' ({{lang-it|Movimento 5 Stelle}} {{IPA-it|moviˈmento ˈtʃiŋkwe ˈstelle|}}, '''M5S''') adalah sebuah [[Daftar partai politik di Italia|partai politik]] [[populisme|populis]]<ref name="Populist"/><ref name="Viola2015"/> di Italia.
 
M5S dimulai pada 4 Oktober 2009 oleh [[Beppe Grillo]], seorang komedian dan narablog populer, dan [[Gianroberto Casaleggio]], seorang [[Strategi web|pakar strategi web]].<ref>{{cite web|title=NOTIZIE IN DUE MINUTI|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2009/ottobre/05/NOTIZIE_DUE_MINUTI_co_9_091005092.shtml|work=[[Corriere della Sera]]|accessdate=27 May 2012|page=64|date=5 October 2009|archive-date=2013-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019071805/http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2009/ottobre/05/NOTIZIE_DUE_MINUTI_co_9_091005092.shtml|dead-url=no}}</ref> Setelah kematian Casaleggio pada April 2016, Grillo menetapkan sebuah Dirktorat yang terdiri dari lima anggota parlemen terkemuka (Alessandro Di Battista, [[Luigi Di Maio]], [[Roberto Fico]], Carla Ruocco, Carlo Sibilia),<ref>This party structure had no official name, but was quickly nicknamed ''Direttorio'' ("Directorate") by the Italian press. [[Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata|ANSA]] (28 novembre 2014). ''[http://www.ansa.it/english/news/2014/11/28/m5s-supporters-give-thumbs-up-to-grillo-directorate_36728cc6-397b-4138-b39e-971aa1ef521d.html M5S supporters give thumbs up to Grillo directorate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805060459/http://www.ansa.it/english/news/2014/11/28/m5s-supporters-give-thumbs-up-to-grillo-directorate_36728cc6-397b-4138-b39e-971aa1ef521d.html |date=2017-08-05 }}''; ANSA (28 novembre 2014). ''[http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2014/11/28/m5s-grillo-sono-stanchino.-propone-collegio-di-garanti_ae6cfa21-ae9b-4e68-bf51-0f7e8ee0486d.html Grillo è 'stanchino', nomina direttorio. Partito insorge] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529090545/http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/politica/2014/11/28/m5s-grillo-sono-stanchino.-propone-collegio-di-garanti_ae6cfa21-ae9b-4e68-bf51-0f7e8ee0486d.html |date=2023-05-29 }}''.</ref> yang berlangsung hingga Oktober berikutnya, ketika Grillo membubarkannya dan memproklamasikan dirinya sebagai "kepala politik".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2016-09-25/svolta-grillo-sono-capo-politico-104900.shtml?uuid=ADHlZaQB|title=Svolta di Grillo: "Sono il capo politico"|publisher=|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2018-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142424/http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2016-09-25/svolta-grillo-sono-capo-politico-104900.shtml?uuid=ADHlZaQB|dead-url=no}}</ref> Grillo juga secara resmi merupakan presiden dari asosiasi bernama "Gerakan Bintang Lima", dengan keponakannya Enrico Grillo sebagai wakil presiden dan akuntannya Enrico Maria Nadasi sebagai sekretaris.<ref name="M5S"/> [[Davide Casaleggio]], putra dari Gianroberto, memiliki peran yang semakin penting, meskipun tidak resmi.<ref>{{cite web |author=Di martedì 19 aprile 2016 |url=http://www.polisblog.it/post/373565/chi-comanda-ora-nel-movimento-5-stelle-il-ruolo-di-davide-casaleggio |title=Chi comanda ora nel Movimento 5 Stelle? &#124; Il ruolo di Davide Casaleggio |publisher=Polisblog.it |date=19 April 2016 |accessdate=2017-04-18 |archive-date=2018-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142428/http://www.polisblog.it/post/373565/chi-comanda-ora-nel-movimento-5-stelle-il-ruolo-di-davide-casaleggio |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Altri articoli dalla categoria » |url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2016/09/21/news/davide_casaleggio_m5s-148271023/ |title=M5s, la prima volta di Davide Casaleggio |publisher=Repubblica.it |date=21 September 2016 |accessdate=2017-04-18 |archive-date=2019-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225201214/https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2016/09/21/news/davide_casaleggio_m5s-148271023/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nextquotidiano.it/nuovo-regolamento-m5s-casaleggio-espulsioni/ |title=Il nuovo regolamento M5S e il ruolo di Davide Casaleggio nelle espulsioni - neXt Quotidiano |publisher=Nextquotidiano.it |date=26 September 2016 |accessdate=2017-04-18 |archive-date=2019-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920154305/https://www.nextquotidiano.it/nuovo-regolamento-m5s-casaleggio-espulsioni/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
 
M5S secara beragam dianggap populis,<ref name="Populist">*{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/25/europe/greece-elections/index.html|publisher=CNN|title=Greece 'leaves behind the austerity that ruined it,' party leader vows after vote|date=25 January 2015|accessdate=2 January 2015|archive-date=2021-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523150732/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/25/europe/greece-elections/index.html|dead-url=no}}▼
M5S secara beragam dianggap populis,<ref name="Populist">
▲*{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/25/europe/greece-elections/index.html|publisher=CNN|title=Greece 'leaves behind the austerity that ruined it,' party leader vows after vote|date=25 January 2015|accessdate=2 January 2015}}
*{{cite book|author=Maria Elizabetta Lanzone|chapter=The "post-modern" populism in Italy: The case of the Five Star Movement|editor1=Dwayne Woods|editor2=Barbara Wejnert|title=Many Faces of Populism: Current Perspectives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HmKtBAAAQBAJ|year=2014|publisher=Emerald Group Publishing|isbn=978-1-78350-257-8}}
*{{cite book|author=Paul Rowinski|chapter=Euroscepticism in the Berlusconi and Murdoch Press|editor=Alec Charles|title=Media/Democracy: A Comparative Study|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_cowBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA77|year=2013|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|isbn=978-1-4438-5008-7|page=77|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801024530/https://books.google.com/books?id=_cowBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA77|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|author=John Foot|title=Modern Italy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=evwcBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA226|year=2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-04192-0|pages=223–226}}{{Pranala mati|date=Januari 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*{{cite book|editor1=Emilie van Haute|editor2=Anika Gauja|chapter=List of party names and abbreviations|title=Party Members and Activists|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XGChCAAAQBAJ&pg=PR18|year=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-52432-8|page=18|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801024532/https://books.google.com/books?id=XGChCAAAQBAJ&pg=PR18|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Viola2015">{{cite book|author=Donatella M. Viola|editor=Donatella M. Viola|title=Routledge Handbook of European Elections|chapter=Italy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7stgCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA113|year=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-50363-7|page=113|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801024525/https://books.google.com/books?id=7stgCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA113|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[anti kemapanan]],<ref name="Viola2015"/><ref name="Anti-Establishment">*{{cite web|author= Guy Dinmore|work= [[Financial Times]]|url= http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ac527eb2-d5ce-11e3-a017-00144feabdc0.html|title= Italy's Beppe Grillo battles to sustain anti-establishment message|access-date= 2018-06-02|archive-date= 2020-06-08|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200608045046/https://www.ft.com/content/ac527eb2-d5ce-11e3-a017-00144feabdc0/|dead-url= no}}
*{{cite book|author1=Walter Kickert|author2=Tiina Randma-Liiv|title=Europe Managing the Crisis: The Politics of Fiscal Consolidation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OkLLCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA263|year=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-52570-7|page=263|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801024533/https://books.google.com/books?id=OkLLCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA263|dead-url=no}}▼
*{{cite web|author= Guy Dinmore|work= [[Financial Times]]|url = http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ac527eb2-d5ce-11e3-a017-00144feabdc0.html|title= Italy's Beppe Grillo battles to sustain anti-establishment message}}
*{{cite news |last=Mackenzie |first=James |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/29/us-italy-politics-grillo-idUSKCN0JD0J520141129 |title='Tired' Grillo overhauls leadership of Italy's 5-Star Movement |agency=Reuters |date=29 November 2014 |accessdate=2015-05-14 |archive-date=2015-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020185813/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/29/us-italy-politics-grillo-idUSKCN0JD0J520141129 |dead-url=yes }}▼
▲*{{cite book|author1=Walter Kickert|author2=Tiina Randma-Liiv|title=Europe Managing the Crisis: The Politics of Fiscal Consolidation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OkLLCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA263|year=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-52570-7|page=263}}
*{{cite book|author1=Andrew Gamble|author2=William Brett|author3=Jacek Tomkiewicz|chapter=The Political Economy of Change in a Time of Political Crisis|editor1=John Eatwell|editor2=Pascal Petit|editor3=Terry McKinley|title=Challenges for Europe in the World, 2030|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EHWUBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA313|year=2014|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4724-1925-5|page=313|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801024601/https://books.google.com/books?id=EHWUBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA313|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[Pelestarian lingkungan hidup|pelestari lingkungan hidup]],<ref name=Nordsieck>{{cite web|url=http://parties-and-elections.eu/italy.html|title=Italy|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|author=Nordsieck, Wolfram|date=2018|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2019-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327123459/http://parties-and-elections.eu/italy.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Environmentalist">{{cite web|author=John Hooper in Rome |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/15/five-star-movement-italy |title=Parliamentary gridlock in Italy as Five Star Movement refuses to make deal|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=2015-05-14|archive-date=2015-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128114534/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/15/five-star-movement-italy|dead-url=no}}</ref> [[alter-globalisasi|alter-globalis]],<ref name="Torsello2013">{{cite book|author=Davide Torsello|title=The New Environmentalism?: Civil Society and Corruption in the Enlarged EU|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MtKhAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA130|year=2013|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4094-9511-6|page=130}}</ref> dan [[Euroskeptisisme|Euroskeptis]].<ref name="Eurosceptic">*{{cite book|editor=Tom Lansford|title=Political Handbook of the World 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lUF1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA716|year=2013|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4522-5825-6|page=716|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801024534/https://books.google.com/books?id=lUF1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA716|dead-url=no}}▼
▲*{{cite news|last=Mackenzie |first=James |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/29/us-italy-politics-grillo-idUSKCN0JD0J520141129 |title='Tired' Grillo overhauls leadership of Italy's 5-Star Movement |agency=Reuters |date=29 November 2014 |accessdate=2015-05-14}}
*{{cite news |author=Michael Day |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/italian-election-surge-in-popularity-for-eurosceptic-protest-party-headed-by-standup-comedian-beppe-grillo-raises-fears-in-eu-8507197.html |title=Italian election: Surge in popularity for eurosceptic protest party headed by stand-up comedian Beppe Grillo raises fears in EU - Europe - World |work=The Independent |date=22 February 2013 |accessdate=2015-05-14 |archive-date=2015-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925190750/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/italian-election-surge-in-popularity-for-eurosceptic-protest-party-headed-by-standup-comedian-beppe-grillo-raises-fears-in-eu-8507197.html |dead-url=no }}▼
▲*{{cite book|author1=Andrew Gamble|author2=William Brett|author3=Jacek Tomkiewicz|chapter=The Political Economy of Change in a Time of Political Crisis|editor1=John Eatwell|editor2=Pascal Petit|editor3=Terry McKinley|title=Challenges for Europe in the World, 2030|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EHWUBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA313|year=2014|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4724-1925-5|page=313}}</ref> [[Pelestarian lingkungan hidup|pelestari lingkungan hidup]],<ref name=Nordsieck>{{cite web|url=http://parties-and-elections.eu/italy.html|title=Italy|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|author=Nordsieck, Wolfram|date=2018}}</ref><ref name="Environmentalist">{{cite web|author=John Hooper in Rome |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/15/five-star-movement-italy |title=Parliamentary gridlock in Italy as Five Star Movement refuses to make deal|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=2015-05-14}}</ref> [[alter-globalisasi|alter-globalis]],<ref name="Torsello2013">{{cite book|author=Davide Torsello|title=The New Environmentalism?: Civil Society and Corruption in the Enlarged EU|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MtKhAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA130|year=2013|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4094-9511-6|page=130}}</ref> dan [[Euroskeptisisme|Euroskeptis]].<ref name="Eurosceptic">
*{{cite book|editorauthor=TomMunir LansfordHussain|title=PoliticalThe HandbookEuropean ofUnion: On the WorldVerge 2013of Global Political Leadership|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lUF1AwAAQBAJjtXBDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA716PA96|year=20132016|publisher=SAGE PublicationsSpringer|isbn=978-1981-452210-58252884-67|page=71696|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2020-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608045049/https://books.google.com/books?id=jtXBDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA96%2F|dead-url=no}}
*{{cite book|author=Ann-Catherine Jungar|chapter=Repercussions of right-wing populism for European integration|editor1=Ulf Bernitz|editor2=Moa Mårtensson|editor3=Thomas Persson|editor4=Lars Oxelheim|title=Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU: The Social Challenge Ahead|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1RMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA60|year=2018|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78643-667-2|page=60|access-date=2018-06-02|archive-date=2023-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801025031/https://books.google.com/books?id=W1RMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA60|dead-url=no}}</ref>▼
▲*{{cite news|author=Michael Day |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/italian-election-surge-in-popularity-for-eurosceptic-protest-party-headed-by-standup-comedian-beppe-grillo-raises-fears-in-eu-8507197.html |title=Italian election: Surge in popularity for eurosceptic protest party headed by stand-up comedian Beppe Grillo raises fears in EU - Europe - World |work=The Independent |date=22 February 2013 |accessdate=2015-05-14}}
*{{cite book|author=Munir Hussain|title=The European Union: On the Verge of Global Political Leadership|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jtXBDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA96|year=2016|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-981-10-2884-7|page=96}}
▲*{{cite book|author=Ann-Catherine Jungar|chapter=Repercussions of right-wing populism for European integration|editor1=Ulf Bernitz|editor2=Moa Mårtensson|editor3=Thomas Persson|editor4=Lars Oxelheim|title=Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU: The Social Challenge Ahead|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1RMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA60|year=2018|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1-78643-667-2|page=60}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
Baris 64 ⟶ 61:
* {{Cite book |first=Francesca |last=Musiani |title=Avant-garde: Digital Movement or "Digital Sublime" Rhetoric? The Movimento 5 Stelle and the 2013 Italian Parliamentary Elections |publisher=Springer |year=2014 |pages=127–140}}
* {{Cite book |first1=Øystein |last1=Sæbø |first2=Alession Maria |last2=Braccini |first3=Tommaso |last3=Federici |title=From the Blogosphere into Real Politics: The Use of ICT by the Five Star Movement |publisher=Springer |year=2015 |pages=241–250}}
* {{Cite book | first=Filippo | last=Tronconi | title=Beppe Grillo's Five Star Movement. Organisation, Communication and Ideology | url=https://www.routledge.com/Beppe-Grillos-Five-Star-Movement-Organisation-Communication-and-Ideology/Tronconi/p/book/9781472436634 | publisher=Ashgate | date=2015 | isbn=978-1-4724-3663-4 | access-date=2018-06-02 | archive-date=2023-05-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501054733/https://www.routledge.com/Beppe-Grillos-Five-Star-Movement-Organisation-Communication-and-Ideology/Tronconi/p/book/9781472436634 | dead-url=no }}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{commons category|Movimento 5 Stelle}}
* {{Official website|http://www.movimentocinquestelle.it/}}
{{lindungidarianon2|small=yes}}
 
{{Partai politik di Italia}}
{{Authority control}}
 
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Gerakan_Bintang_Lima"