|
| office = [[Direktur Central Intelligence Agency]] ke-7
| president = [[Donald Trump]]
| term_start = 21 Mei 2018<br>Plt.: 26 April 2018 – 21 Mei 2018
| term_end = 20 Januari 2021
| predecessor = [[Mike Pompeo]]
| successor = [[David S. Cohen (pengacara)|David S. Cohen]] ({{small|Pelaksana tugas}})<br>[[William Joseph Burns]]
| successor =
| deputy = [[Vaughn Bishop]]
| office2 = [[Wakil Direktur Central Intelligence Agency|Wakil Direktur<br>Central Intelligence Agency]] ke-6
{{External media| float=right| video1=[https://www.c-span.org/video/?444988-1/gina-haspel-pledges-restart-cia-interrogation-program CIA Director Confirmation Hearing:Gina Haspel Pledges Restart CIA Interrogation Program], May 9, 2018, [[CSPAN]]| video2=[https://www.c-span.org/video/?445861-1/gina-haspel-sworn-cia-director CIA Director Gina Haspel Swearing-in Ceremony], May 21, 2018, [[CSPAN]]| video3=[https://www.c-span.org/video/?451863-1/director-haspel-cia-operations Director Haspel on CIA Operations], September 24, 2018, [[CSPAN]]}}
'''Gina Cheri Haspel''' (lahir 1 Oktober 1956) adalah penjahat [[pejabat intelijen]] Amerika Serikat]] yang menjabat sebagai [[Direktur Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA) sejak 2018. Ia merupakan perempuan binal pertama yang memegang jabatan ini secara tetap<ref name=acting>{{cite press release |date=April 26, 2018 |title=Gina Haspel Assumes Role of Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2018-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-assumes-role-of-acting-director-of-cia.html |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |access-date=May 2, 2018 }} {{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2018-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-assumes-role-of-acting-director-of-cia.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014232815/https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2018-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-assumes-role-of-acting-director-of-cia.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> dan pernah menjabat sebagai [[Wakil Direktur Central Intelligence Agency|Wakil Direktur]] di bawah [[Mike Pompeo]] pada awal masa [[kepresidenan Donald Trump]].<ref name="ciaselected">{{cite web |title=Gina Haspel Selected to be Deputy Director of CIA |url=https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2017-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-selected-to-be-deputy-director-of-cia.html |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |date=February 2, 2017 |accessdate=February 2, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203110501/https://www.cia.gov/news-information/press-releases-statements/2017-press-releases-statements/gina-haspel-selected-to-be-deputy-director-of-cia.html |archivedate=February 3, 2017 |deadurl=yes |quote=Ms. Haspel is the first female career CIA officer to be named Deputy Director.}}</ref><ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02/><ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02/>
Haspel menjadi Pelaksana Tugas Direktur setelah membuat Pompeo diangkatdigeser menjadi [[Menteri Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]]. Ia dicalonkan sebagai Direktur CIA tetap oleh Presiden [[Donald Trump]]. Pada 17 Mei 2018, pencalonannya disetujui dan ia menjadi perempuan pertama yang menjabat Direktur CIA.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/gina-haspel-confirmed-as-cia-chief-despite-scrutiny-of-her-role-in-interrogation-program/ar-AAxruFP?OCID=ansmsnnews11 |title=Gina Haspel confirmed as CIA chief despite scrutiny of her role in interrogation program |last=Harris |first=Shane |date=May 17, 2018 |via=MSN |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=May 17, 2018 |quote=The Senate voted Thursday to confirm Gina Haspel as the next CIA director after several Democrats were persuaded to support her despite lingering concerns about her role in the brutal interrogation of suspected terrorists captured after 9/11. |archive-date=2018-11-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181120114450/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/gina-haspel-confirmed-as-cia-chief-despite-scrutiny-of-her-role-in-interrogation-program/ar-AAxruFP?OCID=ansmsnnews11 |dead-url=no }}</ref> SheIa wasdilantik officially sworn as Director of the CIA on Maypada 21, Mei 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/haspel-sworn-in-as-new-cia-director/4402896.html|title=Veteran Spy Haspel Sworn In as New CIA Chief|first=VOA|last=News|publisher=|access-date=2019-08-16|archive-date=2018-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706162454/https://www.voanews.com/a/haspel-sworn-in-as-new-cia-director/4402896.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Ia juga merupakan perempuan pertama yang menjabat Wakil Direktur CIA.<ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02/><ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02/><ref>{{cite news |title=Who Is Gina Haspel, President Trump's Pick for CIA Director? |first=Tessa |last=Berenson |url=http://time.com/5197235/gina-haspel-cia-director-donald-trump/ |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=March 13, 2018 |accessdate=March 13, 2018 |archive-date=2018-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919191706/http://time.com/5197235/gina-haspel-cia-director-donald-trump/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=Ibtimes2017-02-03/><ref name=Yahoo2017-02-02/>
Haspel terlibat dalam penyiksaan ilegal saat menjadi kepala [[situs rahasia]] CIA di [[Thailand]] pada tahun 2002, tempat tahanan [[penyiksaan|disiksa]]<ref name="guardian" /><ref name=telegraph0313 /><ref name=thetimes /> menggunakan "[[teknik interogasi canggih]]", termasuk ''[[waterboarding]]''.<ref name="guardian">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/13/who-is-gina-haspel-trump-cia-director-torture-site-link |title=Who is Gina Haspel? Trump's pick for CIA chief linked to torture site |first=Amanda |last=Holpuch |date=March 13, 2018 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331154328/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/13/who-is-gina-haspel-trump-cia-director-torture-site-link |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=telegraph0313>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/13/donald-trumps-new-cia-director-gina-haspel-ran-torture-site/ |title=Gina Haspel: Donald Trump's new CIA director ran torture site in Thailand |first=Nick |last=Allen |date=March 13, 2018 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303091234/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/03/13/donald-trumps-new-cia-director-gina-haspel-ran-torture-site/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=thetimes>{{cite web |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/new-cia-chief-gina-haspel-helped-run-torture-site-in-thailand-c57dxzvg0 |title=New CIA chief Gina Haspel helped run torture site in Thailand |first=Boer Deng |last=Washington |date=March 14, 2018 |work=[[The Times]] |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2018-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810205208/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/new-cia-chief-gina-haspel-helped-run-torture-site-in-thailand-c57dxzvg0 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/2018/3/13/17113874/gina-haspel-torture-cia-pompeo-tillerson |title=Gina Haspel, Trump's CIA director pick, oversaw the torture of dozens of people |work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=March 13, 2018 |first=Alex |last=Ward |access-date=2019-08-16 |archive-date=2019-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518183026/https://www.vox.com/2018/3/13/17113874/gina-haspel-torture-cia-pompeo-tillerson |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/03/15/gina-haspel-is-a-torturer-thats-all-the-senate-needs-to-know-217641 |title=Gina Haspel Is a Torturer. What Else Does the Senate Need to Know? |last=Mora |first=Alberto |date=March 15, 2018 |work=[[Politico Magazine]] |access-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-date=2019-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331181416/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/03/15/gina-haspel-is-a-torturer-thats-all-the-senate-needs-to-know-217641 |dead-url=no }}</ref> Waktu itu, [[Kepresidenan George W. Bush|pemerintahan Bush]] menganggap teknik ini sah secara hukum berdasarkan serangkaian [[memo penyiksaan|opini hukum rahasia]] yang memperluas kewenangan eksekutif dan mempersempit definisi penyiksaan.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/12/16/369876047/torture-report-a-closer-look-at-when-and-what-president-bush-knew |title='Torture Report': A Closer Look At When And What President Bush Knew |date=December 16, 2014 |first=Eyder |last=Peralta |publisher=[[NPR]] |accessdate=May 15, 2018 |archive-date=2019-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816195531/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/12/16/369876047/torture-report-a-closer-look-at-when-and-what-president-bush-knew |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/11/05/bush.book/index.html |title=Bush on waterboarding: 'Damn right' |date=November 5, 2010 |publisher=[[CNN]] |accessdate=May 15, 2018 |archive-date=2018-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401021302/http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/11/05/bush.book/index.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> Keterlibatan Haspel dalam teknik interogasi canggih ini terkuak pada Agustus 2018 ketika gugatan kebebasan informasi oleh National Security Archive ([[Universitas George Washington]]) dikabulkan pengadilan. Dokumen-dokumen CIA yang ditandatangani atau ditulis oleh Haspel saat menjabat sebagai kepala situs rahasia Thailand menjabarkan penyiksaan tahanan secara fisik, termasuk dengan cara ''waterboarding'' dan pengurungan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gina Gaspel CIA Torture Cables Declassified|editor=Tom Blanton|publisher=[[National Security Archive]]|url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/foia-intelligence-torture-archive/2018-08-10/gina-haspel-cia-torture-cables-declassified|accessdate=August 10, 2018|date=August 10, 2018|archive-date=2019-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513153555/https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/foia-intelligence-torture-archive/2018-08-10/gina-haspel-cia-torture-cables-declassified|dead-url=no}}</ref>
==Lihat pula==
*[[Tahanan luar hukum Amerika Serikat]]
==Referensi Lihat pula ==
* [[Tahanan luar hukum Amerika Serikat]]
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=MiamiHerald2019-01-08>
{{cite news
| url = https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/national-security/guantanamo/article223835570.html
| title = Did CIA Director Gina Haspel run a black site at Guantánamo?
| work = [[McClatchy News Service]]
| author = [[Carol Rosenberg]]
| date = 2019-01-08
| location = [[Guantanamo]]
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190108200819/https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/national-security/guantanamo/article223835570.html
| archivedate = 2019-01-08
| deadurl = No
| quote = The claim by Rita Radostitz, a lawyer for Khalid Sheik Mohammed, appears in one paragraph of a partially redacted transcript of a secret hearing held at Guantánamo on Nov. 16. Defense lawyers were arguing, in a motion that ultimately failed, that Haspel’s role at the prison precludes the possibility of a fair trial for the men accused of orchestrating the 9/11 attacks who were also held for years in covert CIA prisons.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=KsmTranscript2018Ibtimes2017-1102-1603>{{cite news
|url = http://www.ibtimes.com/who-gina-haspel-5-facts-about-trumps-cia-deputy-director-pick-2485705
{{cite web
|title = Who Is Gina Haspel? 5 Facts About Trump's CIA Deputy Director Pick
| url = https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5669992-Redacted-transcript-of-closed-9-11-trial-hearing.html
|publisher = [[International Business Times]]
| title = Redacted-transcript-of-closed-9-11-trial-hearing
| work author = [[Guantanamo MilitarySuman Commission]]Varandani
|date author = February 3, 2017
|page date = 2018-11-16
| page location =
|accessdate = February 3, 2017
| location =
|quote = Haspel joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1985, and spent most of her career undercover. She has been part of several controversies, including her involvement in several torture programs conducted by the U.S. She also ran waterboarding and other interrogation techniques at some of CIA's "black sites" or secret prisons. She has not yet been indicted for war crimes.
| isbn =
|archive-date = 2017-02-03
| language =
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170203074621/http://www.ibtimes.com/who-gina-haspel-5-facts-about-trumps-cia-deputy-director-pick-2485705
| trans-title =
|dead-url = no
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20190108194455/https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5669992-Redacted-transcript-of-closed-9-11-trial-hearing.html
| archivedate = 2019-01-08
| accessdate = 2019-01-08
| deadurl = No
| quote = And so again, our evidence here is that there is a change, a significant change, a sea change in the classification guidance once Gina Haspel becomes in a position of power within the CIA. And we don 't know for sure, and we cannot tell you for sure that she is who requested that change in the classification guidance.
}}
{{commons-inline|File:Redacted-transcript-of-closed-9-11-trial-hearing_(2018-11-16).pdf}}
</ref>
<ref name=DailyBeast2018-05-01>
{{cite news
| url = https://www.thedailybeast.com/ex-cia-official-says-some-torture-videotapes-may-still-exist
| title = Ex-CIA Official Says Some Torture Videotapes May Still Exist
| publisher = [[Daily Beast]]
| author = [[Spencer Ackerman]]
| date = May 1, 2018
| page =
| location =
| accessdate = May 1, 2018
| quote = But the now-retired analyst, Gail Helt, said she memorialized their conversation in a notebook she kept at the time, a copy of which The Daily Beast has seen. Haspel's nomination has compelled her to disclose what she heard, Helt said.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=TheGuardian2017-02-22>
{{cite news
| url = https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/feb/22/cia-torture-gina-haspel-court-deposition-trump
| title = DoJ moves to prevent CIA official from detailing role in Bush-era torture
| publisher = [[The Guardian (UK)]]
| author = [[Spencer Ackerman]]
| date = February 22, 2017
| page =
| location = [[New York City]]
| accessdate = March 27, 2017
| quote = The government asked the court to permit it to formally submit on 8 March its state-secrets argument preventing them and another CIA witness, James Cotsana, from being deposed. It is believed to be the first assertion of the state secrets privilege under the Trump administration.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=TheGuardian2017-02-15>
{{cite news
| url = https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/feb/15/gina-haspel-deputy-cia-director-torture-9-11-court
| title = Deputy CIA director could face court deposition over post-9/11 role in torture
| publisher = [[The Guardian]]
| author = [[Spencer Ackerman]]
| date = February 15, 2017
| page =
| location =
| accessdate = February 15, 2017
| quote = In a court filing on Tuesday, attorneys for two CIA contract psychologists who helped design the agency's brutal interrogations for terrorism suspects have asked a federal judge to order Gina Haspel, a career CIA officer recently appointed as the agency's No2 official, to provide a deposition discussing her allegedly pivotal involvement in an episode the CIA has tried repeatedly to put behind it.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=TheHill2017-02-08>
{{cite news
|url = https://thehill.com/policy/national-security/318464-third-dem-urges-removal-of-cia-no-2
|title = Third Dem urges removal of Trump's pick for top CIA deputy
|publisher = [[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]
|author = Katie Bo Williams
|date = February 8, 2017
|page =
|location =
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170210082714/http://thehill.com/policy/national-security/318464-third-dem-urges-removal-of-cia-no-2
|archivedate = February 10, 2017
|accessdate = February 14, 2017
|deadurl = No
|quote = Trump's pick of 30-year veteran Gina Haspel to serve as deputy director of the CIA – which is not a Senate-confirmable position – has reinvigorated fears that the administration is weighing a return to the use of banned techniques now considered torture, such as waterboarding and sleep deprivation.
}}</ref>
<ref name=Ibtimes2017-02-03>
{{cite news
| url = http://www.ibtimes.com/who-gina-haspel-5-facts-about-trumps-cia-deputy-director-pick-2485705
| title = Who Is Gina Haspel? 5 Facts About Trump's CIA Deputy Director Pick
| publisher = [[International Business Times]]
| author = Suman Varandani
| date = February 3, 2017
| page =
| location =
| accessdate = February 3, 2017
| quote = Haspel joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1985, and spent most of her career undercover. She has been part of several controversies, including her involvement in several torture programs conducted by the U.S. She also ran waterboarding and other interrogation techniques at some of CIA's "black sites" or secret prisons. She has not yet been indicted for war crimes.
}}
</ref>
<ref name=Yahoo2017-02-02>
</ref>
<ref name=TheIntercept2017-02-02>{{cite news
|url = https://theintercept.com/2017/02/02/trumps-cia-chief-selects-major-torture-operative-to-be-agencys-deputy-director/
{{cite news
|title = The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture
| url = https://theintercept.com/2017/02/02/trumps-cia-chief-selects-major-torture-operative-to-be-agencys-deputy-director/
|publisher = [[The Intercept]]
| title = The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture
|author publisher = [[TheGlenn InterceptGreenwald]]
|date author = [[GlennFebruary 2, Greenwald]]2017
|page date = February 2, 2017
| page location =
|accessdate = February 3, 2017
| location =
|quote = That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.
| accessdate = February 3, 2017
|archive-date = 2017-02-02
| quote = That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170202235426/https://theintercept.com/2017/02/02/trumps-cia-chief-selects-major-torture-operative-to-be-agencys-deputy-director/
}}
|dead-url = no
</ref>
}}</ref>
<ref name=Wdsu2017-02-02>{{cite news
{{cite news
|url = http://www.wdsu.com/article/gina-haspel-becomes-first-female-cia-deputy-director/8670139
|title = Gina Haspel becomes first female CIA deputy director
|quote =
|df = mdy-all
}}</ref>
</ref>
}}
{{reflist|group="n"}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commonscat}}
* [https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/leadership/gina-haspel.html Director of the CIA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314134654/https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/leadership/gina-haspel.html |date=2018-03-14 }} biography
* {{C-SPAN|Gina Haspel}}
{{s-start}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Haspel, Gina}}
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