Gordon Hirabayashi: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{nihongo|'''Gordon Kiyoshi Hirabayashi'''|平林潔|Hirabayashi Kiyoshi|
== Kehidupan Awal ==
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Meskipun awalnya dia berpikir akan menerima [[penahanan]], dia akhirnya menjadi salah satu dari tiga orang yang terang-terangan menolak. Dia bergabung dengan [[Komite Pelayanan Pertemana Amerika]] yang disponsori oleh [[Masyarakat Keagamaan Pertemanan|Quaker]]. Tahun 1942 dia menyerahkan dirinya ke [[FBI]], dan setelah didakwa untuk pelanggaran jam malam akhirnya diberi vonis 90 hari dalam penjara. Dia mengundang jaksa penuntut untuk banding hasil persidangan sampai ke [[Mahkamah Agung A.S.]] dan disponsori oleh [[ACLU]]. Salah satu pengacaranya merupakan jaksa Quaker asal Philadephia, [[Harold Evans (jaksa)|Harold Evans]]. Di Mahkamah Agung akhirnya memutuskan bulat-bulat untuk mengalahkan Hirabayashi dalam sidang [[Hirabayashi v. Amerika Serikat]] (1943), meskipun dengan adanya tiga Hakim memberikan opini yang berlainan dan mendukung keputusan Mahkamah meskipun dengan kehati-hatian.
== Pranala
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.historylink.org/output.CFM?file_ID=2070 History Link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050914020242/http://www.historylink.org/output.CFM?file_ID=2070 |date=2005-09-14 }}
* [http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv58822 Gordon K. Hirabayashi papers, 1934-2012, hosted by Archives West] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003103115/https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv58822 |date=2022-10-03 }}
* [http://www.artsci.washington.edu/newsletter/Winter00/Hirabayashi.htm University of Washington essay] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204071944/http://www.artsci.washington.edu/newsletter/Winter00/Hirabayashi.htm |date=2012-02-04 }}
* [http://www.trinity.edu/departments/history/faculty/Miller/Hirabayashi.htm On the court case] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041221035504/http://www.trinity.edu/departments/history/faculty/Miller/Hirabayashi.htm |date=2004-12-21 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060526043415/http://www.wwiihistoryclass.com/civil-rights/text/court_decisions/gordon_hirabayashi_bio.pdf Short biography (pdf)]
* [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Gordon+K+Hirabayashi%22&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en&btnG=Search Sociology papers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119193401/https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Gordon+K+Hirabayashi%22&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en&btnG=Search |date=2020-11-19 }}
* Segal, Lewis. [http://articles.latimes.com/2007/nov/09/entertainment/et-dawn9 "THEATER REVIEW: One man's losing battle against racism: 'Dawn's Light' addresses racism in times of war, but current events undercut its impact"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023220147/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/nov/09/entertainment/et-dawn9 |date=2012-10-23 }}, [[Los Angeles Times]], 9 November 2007. Retrieved on 30 April 2010.
* Chung, Philip W. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110629140637/http://www.asianweek.com/2007/11/03/gordon-hirabayashi%E2%80%99s-story-sees-the-light-of-dawn/ "Gordon Hirabayashi’s Story Sees the Light of Dawn"], [[AsianWeek]], San Francisco, 3 November 2007. Retrieved on 30 April 2010.
* [http://www.fs.fed.us/r3/coronado/forest/recreation/camping/sites/gordonh_history.shtml Gordon Hirabayashi Recreation Site History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125125832/http://www.fs.fed.us/r3/coronado/forest/recreation/camping/sites/gordonh_history.shtml |date=2011-11-25 }}
* [https://calisphere.org/item/ark:/28722/bk0016z4t5k/ Materials relating to the case of Gordon K. Hirabayashi, 1943] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125140110/https://calisphere.org/item/ark:/28722/bk0016z4t5k/ |date=2020-11-25 }}, [[Bancroft Library|The Bancroft Library]]
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[[Kategori:Aktifis Amerika]]
[[Kategori:Sosiolog Amerika]]
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