Hakim Agung Amerika Serikat: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 2:
 
== Hakim Agung saat ini ==
Saat ini ada delapan hakim agung di Mahkamah Agung. Para hakim dipada bawah ini diurutkan berdasarkan senioritas:
<gallery widths="130" heights="150">
Berkas:Clarence Thomas official SCOTUS portrait.jpg|[[Clarence Thomas]],<br/>sejak 23 Oktober 1991<ref>{{Cite web| title=Justice Clarence Thomas| url=http://supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/the-current-court/justice-clarence-thomas/| publisher=The Supreme Court Historical Society| location=Washington, D.C.| accessdate=January 13, 2018| archive-date=2020-05-15| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515180814/https://supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/the-current-court/justice-clarence-thomas/| dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Baris 12:
Berkas:Elena Kagan Official SCOTUS Portrait (2013).jpg|[[Elena Kagan]],<br/>sejak 7 Agustus 2010<ref>{{Cite web| title=Justice Elena Kagan| url=http://supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/the-current-court/justice-elena-kagan/| publisher=The Supreme Court Historical Society| location=Washington, D.C.| accessdate=January 13, 2018| archive-date=2020-05-24| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524161410/https://supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/the-current-court/justice-elena-kagan/| dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Berkas:Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch Official Portrait.jpg|[[Neil Gorsuch]],<br/>sejak 10 April 2017<ref>{{Cite web| title=Justice Neil M. Gorsuch| url=http://supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/the-current-court/justice-neil-gorsuch/index.html| publisher=The Supreme Court Historical Society| location=Washington, D.C.| accessdate=January 13, 2018| archive-date=2019-11-22| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191122034749/http://supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/the-current-court/justice-neil-gorsuch/index.html| dead-url=yes}}</ref>
Berkas:Associate Justice Brett Kavanaugh Official Portrait.jpg|[[Brett Kavanaugh]],<br/>sejak 6 Oktober 2018<ref>{{cite web| url=https://apnews.com/8234f0b8a6194d8b89ff79f9b0c94f35/Kavanaugh-confirmed,-quickly-sworn-in;-major-Trump-victory| title=Kavanaugh sworn to high court after rancorous confirmation| last1=Fram| first1=Alan| last2=Mascaro| first2=Lisa| last3=Daly| first3=Matthew| date=October 6, 2018| website=ap.org| location=New York, New York| accessdate=October 6, 2018| archive-date=2020-06-16| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616065846/https://apnews.com/8234f0b8a6194d8b89ff79f9b0c94f35/Kavanaugh-confirmed,-quickly-sworn-in;-major-Trump-victory| dead-url=no}}</ref>
Berkas:Amy Coney Barrett.jpg|[[Amy Coney Barrett]],<br/>sejak 27 Oktober 2020<ref>{{cite web|author=Barbara Sprunt|title=Amy Coney Barrett Confirmed To Supreme Court, Takes Constitutional Oath|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/26/927640619/senate-confirms-amy-coney-barrett-to-the-supreme-court|website=npr.org|date=October 26, 2020|accessdate=October 26, 2020|archive-date=2020-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027012410/https://www.npr.org/2020/10/26/927640619/senate-confirms-amy-coney-barrett-to-the-supreme-court|dead-url=no}}</ref>
</gallery>
 
Baris 206:
| Thompson
| {{start date|1845|2|14}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1845|2|27}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1872|11|28}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| [[John Tyler]]
|-
Baris 222:
| Baldwin
| {{start date|1846|8|4}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1846|8|10}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1870|1|31}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Curtis, Benjamin R."| 28
Baris 253:
| McLean
| {{start date|1862|1|24}}<br />(38–1)
| {{start date|1862|1|27}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1881|1|24}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=4 | [[Abraham Lincoln]]
|-
Baris 275:
| ''posisi baru''
| {{start date|1863|3|10}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1863|5|20}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1897|12|1}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Strong, William"| 35
Baris 282:
| Grier
| {{start date|1870|2|18}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1870|3|14}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1880|12|14}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Ulysses S. Grant]]
|-
Baris 297:
| Nelson
| {{start date|1872|12|11}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1873|1|9}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1882|1|27}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Harlan, John M."| 38
Baris 358:
| Miller
| {{start date|1890|12|29}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1891|1|5}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1906|5|28}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Shiras, George Jr."| 46
Baris 365:
| Bradley
| {{start date|1892|7|26}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1892|10|10}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1903|2|23}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Jackson, Howell E."| 47
Baris 379:
| Blatchford
| {{start date|1894|2|19}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1894|3|12}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1910|12|18}}</span><br /><small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|(Continuedberlanjut assebagai chiefKetua justiceMA)</span></small>{{Efn|name="White"}}
| rowspan=2 | [[Grover Cleveland]]
|-
Baris 394:
| Field
| {{start date|1898|1|21}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1898|1|26}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1925|1|5}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| [[William McKinley]]
|-
Baris 402:
| Gray
| {{start date|1902|12|4}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1902|12|8}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1932|1|12}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Theodore Roosevelt]]
|-
Baris 410:
| Shiras
| {{start date|1903|2|23}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1903|3|2}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1922|11|13}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Moody, William H."| 53
Baris 417:
| Brown
| {{start date|1906|12|12}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1906|12|17}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1910|11|20}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Lurton, Horace H."| 54
Baris 439:
| E. White
| {{start date|1910|12|15}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1911|1|3}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1937|6|2}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="lamar, Joseph R."| 57
Baris 460:
| Lurton
| {{start date|1914|8|29}}<br />(44–6)
| {{start date|1914|10|12}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1941|1|31}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Woodrow Wilson]]
|-
Baris 468:
| J. Lamar
| {{start date|1916|6|1}}<br />(47–22)
| {{start date|1916|6|5}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1939|2|13}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Clarke, John H."| 61
Baris 475:
| Hughes
| {{start date|1916|7|24}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1916|10|9}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1922|9|5}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Sutherland, George"| 62
Baris 482:
| Clarke
| {{start date|1922|9|5}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1922|10|2}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1938|1|17}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Warren G. Harding]]
|-
Baris 504:
| McKenna
| {{start date|1925|2|5}}<br />(71–6)
| {{start date|1925|3|2}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1941|7|3}}</span><br /><small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|(Continuedberlanjut assebagai chiefKetua justiceMA)</span></small>{{Efn|name="Stone"}}
| [[Calvin Coolidge]]
|-
Baris 527:
| Van&nbsp;Devanter
| {{start date|1937|8|17}}<br />(63–16)
| {{start date|1937|8|19}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1971|9|17}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=8 | [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
|-
Baris 535:
| Sutherland
| {{start date|1938|1|25}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1938|1|31}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1957|2|25}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Frankfurter, Felix"| 70
Baris 542:
| Cardozo
| {{start date|1939|1|17}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1939|1|30}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1962|8|28}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Douglass, William O."| 71
Baris 549:
| Brandeis
| {{start date|1939|4|4}}<br />(62–4)
| {{start date|1939|4|17}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1975|11|12}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Murphy, Frank"| 72
Baris 584:
| Roberts
| {{start date|1945|9|19}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1945|10|1}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1958|10|13}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Harry S. Truman]]
|-
Baris 592:
| Murphy
| {{start date|1949|8|18}}<br />(73–8)
| {{start date|1949|8|24}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1967|6|12}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Minton, Sherman"| 78
Baris 599:
| W. Rutledge
| {{start date|1949|10|12}}<br />(48–16)
| {{start date|1949|10|12}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1956|10|15}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Harlan, John M. II"| 79
Baris 606:
| R. Jackson
| {{start date|1955|3|16}}<br />(71–11)
| {{start date|1955|3|28}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1971|9|23}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=4 | [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
|-
| data-sort-value="Brennan, William J."| 80
| [[File:US Supreme Court Justice William Brennan - 19761972 official portrait.jpg|100px]]
| [[William J. Brennan Jr.]]
| Minton
| {{start date|1957|3|19}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1956|10|15}}{{Efn|name="recess"}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1990|7|20}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Whittaker, Charles E."| 81
Baris 628:
| Burton
| {{start date|1959|5|5}}<br />(70–17)
| {{start date|1958|10|14}}{{Efn|name="recess"}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1981|7|3}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="White, Byron"| 83
Baris 635:
| Whittaker
| {{start date|1962|4|11}}<br />(aklamasi)
| {{start date|1962|4|16}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1993|6|28}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=2 | [[John F. Kennedy]]
|-
Baris 658:
| Clark
| {{start date|1967|8|30}}<br />(69–11)
| {{start date|1967|10|2}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1991|10|1}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Blackman, Harry"| 87
Baris 665:
| Fortas
| {{start date|1970|5|12}}<br />(94–0)
| {{start date|1970|6|9}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1994|8|3}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Richard Nixon]]
|-
Baris 673:
| Black
| {{start date|1971|12|6}}<br />(89–1)
| {{start date|1972|1|7}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1987|6|26}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Rehnquist, William"| 89
Baris 680:
| J. Harlan II
| {{start date|1971|12|10}}<br />(68–26)
| {{start date|1972|1|7}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|1986|9|26}}</span><br /><small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|(Continuedberlanjut assebagai chiefKetua justiceMA)</span></small>{{Efn|name="Rehnquist"}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Stevens, John P."| 90
Baris 687:
| Douglas
| {{start date|1975|12|17}}<br />(98–0)
| {{start date|1975|12|19}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|2010|6|29}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| [[Gerald Ford]]
|-
Baris 695:
| Stewart
| {{start date|1981|9|21}}<br />(99–0)
| {{start date|1981|9|25}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|2006|1|31}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=3 | [[Ronald Reagan]]
|-
Baris 710:
| Powell
| {{start date|1988|2|3}}<br />(97–0)
| {{start date|1988|2|18}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|2018|7|31}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
|-
| data-sort-value="Souter, David"| 94
Baris 717:
| Brennan
| {{start date|1990|10|2}}<br />(90–9)
| {{start date|1990|10|9}}<br />hingga<br /><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">{{start date|2009|6|29}}</span><br />{{small|(Retiredpensiun)}}
| rowspan=2 | [[George H. W. Bush]]
|- style="background:#FFF;"
Baris 725:
| '''Marshall'''
| '''{{start date|1991|10|15}}<br />(52–48)'''
| Sejak<br>'''{{start date|1991|10|23}}<br />hingga<br />petahana'''
|-
| data-sort-value="Ginsburg, Ruth B."| 96
Baris 740:
| '''Blackmun'''
| '''{{start date|1994|7|29}}<br />(87–9)'''
| Sejak<br>'''{{start date|1994|8|3}}<br />hingga<br />petahana'''
|- style="background:#FFF;"
| data-sort-value="Alito, Samuel"| '''98'''
Baris 747:
| '''O'Connor'''
| '''{{start date|2006|1|31}}<br />(58–42)'''
| Sejak<br>'''{{start date|2006|1|31}}<br />hingga<br />petahana'''
| style="background:#f9f9f9;" | [[George W. Bush]]
|- style="background:#FFF;"
Baris 755:
| '''Souter'''
| '''{{start date|2009|8|6}}<br />(68–31)'''
| Sejak<br>'''{{start date|2009|8|8}}<br />hingga<br />petahana'''
| style="background:#f9f9f9;" rowspan=2 | [[Barack Obama]]
|- style="background:#FFF;"
Baris 787:
| Sejak<br>'''{{start date|2020|10|27}}'''
|}
 
== Keterangan ==
{{notelist|refs=
{{Efn|name="startend"|''Tanggal mulai'' yang diberikan di sini untuk setiap hakim agung adalah hari mereka mengucapkan [[Sumpah jabatan#Sumpah Kehakiman Federal|sumpah jabatan]], dan ''tanggal akhir'' adalah hari kematian, pengunduran diri, atau pensiun hakim tersebut.}}
{{Efn|name="Rutledge"|Kemudian menjadi Ketua Mahkamah Agung, June 30, 1795 – December 28, 1795.}}
{{Efn|name="recess"|[[Penunjukkan masa reses]]. Note: the date on which the justice took the judicial oath is here used as the date of the beginning of their service, not the date of the recess appointment.}}
{{Efn|name="Cushing"|Was confirmed as chief justice on January 26, 1796, but declined and continued to serve as an associate justice.}}
{{Efn|name="impeached"|Dimakzulkan, tetapi tidak dijatuhi sanksi, dan tetap menjabat.}}
{{Efn|name="White"|Menjadi Ketua Mahkamah Agung, 19 Desember 1910 hingga 19 Mei 1921.}}
{{Efn|name="Hughes"|Kemudian menjadi Ketua Mahkamah Agung, 24 Februari 1930 hingga 30 Juni 1941.}}
{{Efn|name="Stone"|Menjadi Ketua Mahkamah Agung, 3 Juli 1941 hingga 22 April 1946.}}
{{Efn|name="Rehnquist"|Menjadi Ketua Mahkamah Agung, 26 September 1986 hingga 3 September 2005.}}
}}
 
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 795 ⟶ 808:
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/cases/judges.htm Koleksi bersejarah keputusan dan biografi Mahkamah Agung] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100415134206/http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/cases/judges.htm |date=2010-04-15 }} yang dijilid menurut nama hakim
* [{{SCOTUS URL|about/members.pdf}} Anggota Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat] dari situs web Mahkamah Agung.
{{Hakim Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat|hakimagung}}
{{Authority control}}
{{hukum-stub}}