Hanako-san: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[File:Gakkou_No_Kowai_Transparent.png|pra=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/File:Gakkou_No_Kowai_Transparent.png|jmpl|Hanako-san, diilustrasikan dalam anime ''Gakkou no Kowai Uwasa Shin: Hanako-san ga Kita!!'']]
{{nihongo|'''Hanako-san'''|花子さん}} atau {{nihongo|'''Hanako-san di Toilet'''|トイレの花子さん|Toire no Hanako-san}} adalah [[legenda urban Jepang]] tentang sesosok gadis yang menghantui kamar mandi sekolah. Dia akan muncul bila namanya dipanggil.
== Legenda ==
Menurut legenda yang dipercaya oleh masyarakat Jepang, Hanako-san adalah arwah dari seorang anak perempuan yang menghantui toilet sekolah. Hanako-san dipercaya sebagai sesosok ''[[yōkai]]'' atau ''[[yūrei]]''.<ref name="Meyer 2010">{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=Matthew|date=27 October 2010|title=A-Yokai-A-Day: Hanako-san (or "Hanako of the Toilet")|url=http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|website=MatthewMeyer.net|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405163252/http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|dead-url=no}}</ref>{{sfn|Yoda|Alt|2013|p=237}} Hanako-san digambarkan memiliki potongan rambut cepak ([[potongan rambut bob]]) dan mengenakan rok atau gaun yang berwarna merah.{{sfn|Bathroom Readers' Institute|2013|p=178}}<ref name="Grundhauser 2017">{{cite web|last=Grundhauser|first=Eric|date=2 October 2017|title=Get to Know Your Japanese Bathroom Ghosts|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|work=[[Atlas Obscura]]|access-date=12 July 2019|archive-date=2019-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227082222/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Meza-Martinez & Demby 2014">{{cite web|last1=Meza-Martinez|first1=Cecily|last2=Demby|first2=Gene|date=31 October 2014|title=The Creepiest Ghost And Monster Stories From Around The World|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/10/24/358555307/the-creepiest-ghost-and-monster-stories-from-around-the-world|website=[[NPR]]|publisher=National Public Radio, Inc.|access-date=6 August 2019|archive-date=2020-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904180738/https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/10/24/358555307/the-creepiest-ghost-and-monster-stories-from-around-the-world|dead-url=no}}</ref> Cerita mengenai asal mula Hanako-san juga beragam;<ref name="Grundhauser 20172">{{cite web|last=Grundhauser|first=Eric|date=2 October 2017|title=Get to Know Your Japanese Bathroom Ghosts|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|work=[[Atlas Obscura]]|access-date=12 July 2019|archive-date=2019-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227082222/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|dead-url=no}}</ref> di beberapa sumber diceritakan bahwa Hanako-san dulunya adalah seorang anak perempuan yang dibunuh oleh seseorang atau orang tuanya yang kejam di sebuah toilet sekolah;<ref name="Meyer 20102">{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=Matthew|date=27 October 2010|title=A-Yokai-A-Day: Hanako-san (or "Hanako of the Toilet")|url=http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|website=MatthewMeyer.net|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405163252/http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|dead-url=no}}</ref>{{sfn|Yoda|Alt|2013|p=237}} sementara sumber lain juga ada yang menyebutkan bahwa ia adalah seorang anak perempuan yang bunuh diri di toilet sekolah.<ref name="Meyer 20102" /> Ada pula sumber yang menyebutkan bahwa ia adalah seorang anak yang hidup di masa [[Perang Dunia II]], dan terbunuh saat ada serangan udara di toilet sekolahnya ketika ia sedang bermain petak umpet.<ref name="Meyer 20104">{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=Matthew|date=27 October 2010|title=A-Yokai-A-Day: Hanako-san (or "Hanako of the Toilet")|url=http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|website=MatthewMeyer.net|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405163252/http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Meyer 20103">{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=Matthew|date=27 October 2010|title=A-Yokai-A-Day: Hanako-san (or "Hanako of the Toilet")|url=http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|website=MatthewMeyer.net|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405163252/http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
Hanako-san adalah legenda urban yang terkenal dan tersebar secara luas sehingga memiliki beragam versi. Pemanggilan Hanako-san serngkali dilakukan oleh anak-anak di sekolah sebagai ritual pembuktian keberanian, atau sebagai metode perpeloncoan murid baru, seperti legenda [[Bloody Mary (cerita rakyat)|Bloody Mary]] di sekolah-sekolah [[Dunia Barat|Barat]].▼
▲Hanako-san adalah legenda urban yang terkenal dan tersebar secara luas sehingga memiliki beragam versi. Pemanggilan Hanako-san
Hanako-san dipanggil dengan mengetuk pintu bilik ketiga kamar mandi perempuan di lantai tiga sebanyak tiga kali sambil bertanya 'Apakah kamu di sini, Hanako-san".<ref name="Meyer 20105">{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=Matthew|date=27 October 2010|title=A-Yokai-A-Day: Hanako-san (or "Hanako of the Toilet")|url=http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|website=MatthewMeyer.net|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405163252/http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Grundhauser 20173">{{cite web|last=Grundhauser|first=Eric|date=2 October 2017|title=Get to Know Your Japanese Bathroom Ghosts|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|work=[[Atlas Obscura]]|access-date=12 July 2019|archive-date=2019-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227082222/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Meza-Martinez & Demby 20142">{{cite web|last1=Meza-Martinez|first1=Cecily|last2=Demby|first2=Gene|date=31 October 2014|title=The Creepiest Ghost And Monster Stories From Around The World|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/10/24/358555307/the-creepiest-ghost-and-monster-stories-from-around-the-world|website=[[NPR]]|publisher=National Public Radio, Inc.|access-date=6 August 2019|archive-date=2020-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904180738/https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/10/24/358555307/the-creepiest-ghost-and-monster-stories-from-around-the-world|dead-url=no}}</ref> Apabila ia hadir, ia akan menjawab "Aku di sini."<ref name="Meyer 20106">{{cite web|last=Meyer|first=Matthew|date=27 October 2010|title=A-Yokai-A-Day: Hanako-san (or "Hanako of the Toilet")|url=http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|website=MatthewMeyer.net|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-date=2019-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405163252/http://matthewmeyer.net/blog/2010/10/27/a-yokai-a-day-hanako-san-or-hanako-of-the-toilet/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Grundhauser 20174">{{cite web|last=Grundhauser|first=Eric|date=2 October 2017|title=Get to Know Your Japanese Bathroom Ghosts|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|work=[[Atlas Obscura]]|access-date=12 July 2019|archive-date=2019-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227082222/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/japans-bathroom-ghosts|dead-url=no}}</ref> Di dalam bilik akan hadir sesosok gadis dengan rok merah. Kadang kala ia tampak dengan pakaian putih.<ref>{{Cite book|和書|author=Katsumi Tada; Shinichiro Namiki|editor=Kōdansha komikkukurieito-hen|title=DISCOVER YŌKAI: The Great Japanese Encyclopaedia of Yōkai|year=2008|publisher=Kodansha|series=KODANSHA Official File Magazine|volume=VOL.10|isbn=978-4-06-370040-4}}</ref>
'Hanako' merupakan nama perempuan yang umum di [[Jepang]] pada tahun 1950-an, ketika legenda tersebut [diyakini] dimulai pada saat itu.<ref>{{citation| title=Yokai Attack!: The Japanese Monster Survival Guide| first1=Hiroko |last1=Yoda |first2=Matt |last2=Alt |first3=Tatsuya |last3=Morino |publisher=Kodansha International |year=2008 |isbn=4770030703}}</ref>
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.scaryforkids.com/hanako/ Hanako-san: Japanese Urban Legend] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604074410/https://www.scaryforkids.com/hanako/ |date=2023-06-04 }}
== Referensi ==
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{{Legenda urban Jepang}}
{{Japanese folklore long}}
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[[Kategori:Cerita rakyat Jepang]]
[[Kategori:Legenda urban Jepang]]
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