Ray Charles: Perbedaan antara revisi
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| name = Ray Charles
| background = solo_singer
| image =
| caption = Charles
| birth_name = Ray Charles Robinson<ref name=bare group=note>According to {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6ZNfAQAAQBAJ |title=Blues: A Regional Experience |first1=Bob L. |last1=Eagle |first2=Eric S. |last2=LeBlanc |date=May 2013 |page=361|isbn=9780313344244 }}, based on the authors' interpretation of 1935 Florida census information, he was born Horace Charles Robinson in Greenville, Florida. However, most other reliable sources give his birth name as Ray Charles Robinson, and his birthplace as Albany, Georgia. It has been suggested that there has been a misinterpretation and that Horace Charles Robinson was in fact a half-brother.</ref>
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1930|9|23}}
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'''Ray Charles Robinson''' (23 September 1930 – 10 Juni 2004) adalah seorang penyanyi, penulis lagu, pianis, dan komposer Amerika. Di antara teman dan sesama musisi, dia lebih suka dipanggil "Saudara Ray". Dia sering disebut sebagai "The Genius". Charles menjadi buta selama masa kanak-kanak karena glaukoma.<ref name="Unterberger">{{cite web|first=Richie|last=Unterberger|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/ray-charles-mn0000046861|title=Ray Charles|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref>
Charles memelopori genre musik soul selama tahun 1950-an dengan menggabungkan blues, jazz, rhythm and blues, dan gaya gospel ke dalam musik yang dia rekam untuk Atlantic.<ref name="Unterberger"/><ref name="VH1">{{cite book|editor1-last=Hoye|editor1-first=Jacob|title=100 Greatest Albums|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pRi-4Vmh_9QC&pg=PR10 |year=2003 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-0-7434-4876-5 |page=210}}</ref><ref name="popc">{{cite web |title=Show 15: The Soul Reformation |url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark%3A/67531/metadc19764/m1/#track/1 |website=digital.library.unt.edu |access-date=15 December 2018}}</ref> Dia berkontribusi pada integrasi musik country, ritme dan blues, dan musik pop selama 1960-an dengan kesuksesan crossovernya di ABC Records, terutama dengan dua album Musik Modern miliknya.<ref>[http://oldies.about.com/od/soulmotown/p/raycharles.htm Guide Profile: Ray Charles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809193524/http://oldies.about.com/od/soulmotown/p/raycharles.htm |date=2016-08-09 }}, About.com; retrieved December 12, 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/24143629/soul_survivor_ray_charles |title=Soul Survivor Ray Charles |journal=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=February 9, 1978 |first=Robert |last=Palmer |pages=10–14 |number=258 |access-date=November 9, 2008 |archive-date=2010-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301023612/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/24143629/soul_survivor_ray_charles |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name= Tyrangiel>{{cite news
Pada Tahun Tahun 1960 Membuat Rekor "[[Georgia on My Mind|Georgia On My Mind]]" adalah yang pertama dari tiga karirnya yang menjadi hit No. 1 di [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]. Pada Tahun 1962 Album nya Berjudul ''[[Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music|Modern Sounds In Country And Western Music]]'' menjadi album pertamanya yang memuncaki [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/ray-charles|title=Ray Charles|website=Recording Academy Grammy Awards}}</ref> Charles memiliki beberapa single yang mencapai Top 40 di berbagai tangga lagu Billboard: 44 di [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs|US R&B]] Kategori Penyanyi Ke-11 Di [[Billboard Hot 100|Hot 100]] Kategori Penyanyi, ke-2 di [[Hot Country Songs|Hot Country]] Kategori Penyanyi.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/ray-charles|title=Ray Charles Chart History|website=Billboard}}</ref>
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Charles Mengutip [[Nat King Cole]] sebagai pengaruh utama, tetapi musiknya juga dipengaruhi oleh [[Louis Jordan]] Dan [[Charles Brown (musician)|Charles Brown]].<ref name="Autobio">{{cite book|title=Brother Ray|last1=Charles|first1=Ray|last2=Ritz|first2=David|date=1992|publisher=Da Capo Press|isbn=0-306-80482-4|location=New York}}</ref> Dia memiliki persahabatan seumur hidup dan kemitraan sesekali dengan [[Quincy Jones]]. [[Frank Sinatra]] menyebut Ray Charles "satu-satunya jenius sejati dalam bisnis pertunjukan," meskipun Charles meremehkan gagasan ini.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/billboardbookofn00fred/page/98|title=The Billboard Book of Number One Hits|last=Bronson|first=Fred|publisher=Watson-Guptill|year=1997|isbn=0-8230-7641-5|edition=4th|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/billboardbookofn00fred/page/98 98]|author-link=Fred Bronson}}</ref> [[Billy Joel]] berkata, "Ini mungkin terdengar seperti penistaan, tapi saya pikir Ray Charles lebih penting daripada [[Elvis Presley]]".<ref>"A Tribute to Ray Charles". ''Rolling Stone'', nos. 952–953, July 8–22, 2004.</ref>
Untuk kontribusi musiknya, Charles menerima [[Kennedy Center Honors]], [[National Medal of Arts]], Dan [[Polar Music Prize]]. Dia memenangkan 17 Grammy Awards, termasuk 5 secara anumerta.<ref name=":1" /> Charles dihormati dengan [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]] pada tahun 1987, dan 10 dari rekamannya telah dimasukkan ke dalam [[Grammy Hall of Fame]].<ref name=":1" /> ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' menempatkan Charles No. 10 dalam daftar 100 Artis Terbesar Sepanjang Masa,<ref name="RollingStone">{{cite web
==Awal Hidupnya Dan
Ray Charles Robinson <ref name=bare group=note/> adalah putra Bailey Robinson, seorang buruh, dan Aretha (atau Reatha) Williams, seorang binatu, dari [[Greenville, Florida]].
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Charles sangat berbakti kepada ibunya dan kemudian teringat, meskipun kesehatan dan kesulitannya buruk, ketekunan, kemandirian, dan harga dirinya yang memandu cahaya dalam hidupnya. [[boogie woogie]] Sebuah Piano Tua [[upright piano]]; Pitman kemudian mengajari Charles cara bermain piano. Charles dan ibunya selalu diterima di Red Wing Cafe dan bahkan tinggal di sana ketika mereka mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Pitman juga akan merawat adik lelaki Ray, George, untuk mengambil sebagian beban dari ibu mereka. George tenggelam di bak cuci ibunya ketika dia berusia empat tahun.
Charles mulai kehilangan penglihatannya pada Rentan Usia empat-Lima tahun dan menjadi buta pada usia tujuh tahun, tampaknya Ia Mengalami Kebutaan Permanen Dikarenakan Oleh Penyakit [[glaucoma]].<ref name="boheme">{{cite web|last=Graham|first=Eamon|year=2004|url=http://www.boheme-magazine.net/july04/charles.html
Charles semakin mengembangkan bakat musiknya di sekolah<ref name="boheme" /> dan diajari memainkan musik piano klasik Seperti [[J.S. Bach]], [[Mozart]] Dan Juga [[Beethoven]]. Gurunya, Ny. Lawrence, mengajarinya cara menggunakan [[braille music]], Proses sulit yang membutuhkan belajar gerakan tangan kiri dengan membaca braille dengan tangan kanan dan mempelajari gerakan tangan kanan dengan membaca braille dengan tangan kiri, kemudian menggabungkan kedua bagian tersebut.
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Ibu Ray Charles meninggal pada musim semi tahun 1945, ketika Ray berusia 14 tahun. Kematiannya sangat mengejutkannya; dia kemudian mengatakan kematian saudara laki-laki dan ibunya adalah "dua tragedi besar" dalam hidupnya. Charles memutuskan untuk tidak kembali ke sekolah setelah pemakaman.<ref name="Autobio" />
==
===1945–1952: Florida, Los Angeles, Dan Seattle===
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With Charles on piano, McKee on guitar and Milton Garrett on bass, the McSon trio (named for '''''Mc'''''Kee and Robin'''''son''''') started playing the one-to-five A.M. shift at the Rocking Chair.<ref>{{cite book|title=Ray Charles: "I was Born with Music Inside Me"|first=Carin T.|last=Ford|publisher=Enslow Publishers, Inc.|year=2007|isbn=978-0766027015|url=https://archive.org/details/raycharlesiwasbo00ford/page/8}}</ref> Publicity photos of the trio are some of the earliest known photographs of Charles. In April 1949, he and his band recorded "[[Confession Blues]]", which became his first national hit, soaring to the second spot on the Billboard R&B chart.<ref name="Lydon Riverhead"/> While still working at the Rocking Chair, he also arranged songs for other artists, including [[Cole Porter]]'s "Ghost of a Chance" and [[Dizzy Gillespie]]'s "Emanon".<ref name=Winski/> After the success of his first two singles, Charles moved to Los Angeles in 1950, and spent the next few years touring with the blues musician [[Lowell Fulson]] as his musical director.<ref name="NPR death">{{cite news|date=June 11, 2004|title=Ray Charles, American Legend, Dies at 73|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1947628|publisher=NPR.org|access-date=September 25, 2014}}</ref>
In 1950, his performance in a Miami hotel impressed [[Henry Stone]], who went on to record a Ray Charles Rockin' record (which never became particularly popular). During his stay in Miami, Charles was required to stay in the [[Racial segregation in the United States|segregated]] but thriving black community of [[Overtown (Miami)|Overtown]]. Stone later helped [[Jerry Wexler]] find Charles in [[St. Petersburg, Florida|St. Petersburg]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Jacob|last=Katel|url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2012-11-22/news/henry-stone-legendary-soul|title=Henry Stone: Legendary Soul
After signing with [[Swing Time Records]], he recorded two more R&B hits under the name Ray Charles: "Baby, Let Me Hold Your Hand" (1951), which reached No. 5, and "Kissa Me Baby" (1952), which reached No. 8. Swing Time folded the following year, and [[Ahmet Ertegun]] signed him to [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]].<ref name=boheme/>
===1952–1959: Atlantic Records===
[[
Pada Juni 1952, Atlantic membeli kontrak Charles seharga $ 2.500 (US $ 23,587 dalam dolar 2018). Sesi rekaman pertamanya untuk Atlantic ("The Midnight Hour" / "Roll with My Baby") berlangsung pada bulan September 1952, meskipun rilis Swing Time terakhirnya ("Misery in My Heart" / "The Snow Is Falling") tidak akan muncul sampai Februari 1953.
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Later in 1959, he released his first country song (a cover of [[Hank Snow]]'s "[[I'm Moving On (Hank Snow song)|I'm Movin' On]]") and recorded three more albums for the label: a jazz record (''[[The Genius After Hours]]'', 1961); a blues record (''[[The Genius Sings the Blues]]'', 1961); and a big band record (''[[The Genius of Ray Charles]]'', 1959) which was his first Top 40 album, peaking at No. 17.<ref name=":5" />
His contract with Atlantic expired in 1959, and several big labels offered him record deals; choosing not to renegotiate his contract with Atlantic, he signed with [[ABC Records|ABC-Paramount]] in November 1959.<ref name=linernotes>[http://www.kalamu.com/bol/2007/08/12/ray-charles-%E2%80%9Ci-can%E2%80%99t-stop-loving-you%E2%80%9D Ray Charles, "I Can't Stop Loving You"]. Kalamu.com. Retrieved August 13, 2008.</ref> He obtained a more liberal contract than other artists had at the time, with ABC offering him a $50,000 (US${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|50,000|1959}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars{{inflation-fn|US}}) annual advance, higher royalties than before and eventual ownership of his [[master tape]]s—a very valuable and lucrative deal at the time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/ray_charles_soul_pioneer|title=RS Biography: Ray Charles 1930-2004|work=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=August 14, 2008
With "[[Georgia on My Mind]]", his first hit single for ABC-Paramount in 1960, Charles received national acclaim and four [[Grammy Award]]s, including two for "Georgia on My Mind" ([[Grammy Award for Best Vocal Performance, Male|Best Vocal Performance Single Record or Track, Male]], and [[Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Song|Best Performance by a Pop Single Artist]]). Written by [[Stuart Gorrell]] and [[Hoagy Carmichael]], the song was Charles's first work with [[Sid Feller]], who produced, arranged and conducted the recording.<ref name="times"/><ref>[//www.rollingstone.com/news/story/6595889/georgia_on_my_mind The RS 500 Greatest Songs of All Time: 44) "Georgia on My Mind"]. Rolling Stone.com; retrieved August 14, 2008.</ref>
[[
Charles earned another Grammy for the follow-up "[[Hit the Road Jack]]", written by R&B singer [[Percy Mayfield]].
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===1971–1983: Penurunan Komersial===
[[
Keberhasilan chart yang diperbarui Charles, bagaimanapun, terbukti berumur pendek, dan pada tahun 1970-an musiknya jarang diputar di stasiun radio. Munculnya [[psychedelic rock]] dan bentuk musik rock dan R&B yang lebih keras telah mengurangi daya tarik radio Charles, begitu pula pilihannya untuk merekam standar pop dan cover rock and soul kontemporer hits, karena penghasilannya dari memiliki masternya telah menghilangkan motivasi untuk menulis materi baru. Charles tetap memiliki
In 1974, Charles left ABC Records and recorded several albums on his own label, Crossover Records. A 1975 recording of Stevie Wonder's hit "[[Living for the City]]" later helped Charles win another Grammy. In 1977, he reunited with Ahmet Ertegun and re-signed to Atlantic Records, for which he recorded the album ''[[True to Life (Ray Charles album)|True to Life]]'', remaining with his old label until 1980. However, the label had now begun to focus on rock acts, and some of their prominent soul artists, such as [[Aretha Franklin]], were starting to be neglected. In November 1977 he appeared as the host of the NBC television show ''[[Saturday Night Live]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://snltranscripts.jt.org/77/77e.phtml|title=Ray Charles|publisher=SnlTranscripts.jt.org|date=November 12, 1977 |access-date=September 10, 2010}}</ref>
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In 1983, Charles signed a contract with [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]. He recorded a string of country albums and had hit singles in duets with singers such as [[George Jones]], [[Chet Atkins]], [[B. J. Thomas]], [[Mickey Gilley]], [[Hank Williams Jr.]], [[Dee Dee Bridgewater]] ("Precious Thing") and his longtime friend [[Willie Nelson]], with whom he recorded "[[Seven Spanish Angels]]".
In 1985, Charles participated in the famous musical recording and video "[[We Are the World]]", a charity single recorded by the supergroup United Support of Artists (USA) for Africa.[[
Before the release of his first album for Warner, ''Would You Believe'', Charles made a return to the R&B charts with a cover of the [[The Brothers Johnson|Brothers Johnson]]'s "[[I'll Be Good to You]]", a duet with his lifelong friend Quincy Jones and the singer [[Chaka Khan]], which hit number one on the R&B chart in 1990 and won Charles and Khan a Grammy for their duet. Prior to this, Charles returned to the pop charts with "[[Baby Grand]]", a duet with the singer [[Billy Joel]]. In 1989, he recorded a cover of the [[Southern All Stars]]' "Itoshi no Ellie" for a Japanese TV advertisement for the [[Suntory]] brand, releasing it in Japan as "Ellie My Love", where it reached No.{{nbsp}}3 on its [[Oricon]] chart.<ref name="oricon89">{{cite web|url=http://www2.wbs.ne.jp/~ms-db/oricon/oricon_single_89.htm |title=List of Best-Selling International Singles in Japan of 1989 |publisher=Oricon. Wbs.ne.jp |access-date=March 1, 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103044017/http://www2.wbs.ne.jp/~ms-db/oricon/oricon_single_89.htm |archive-date=2007-01-03}}</ref> In the same year he was a special guest at the [[Arena di Verona]] during the tour promoting ''[[Oro Incenso & Birra]]'' of the Italian singer [[Zucchero Fornaciari]].
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Charles possessed one of the most recognizable voices in American music. In the words of musicologist [[Henry Pleasants (music critic)|Henry Pleasants]]:
{{quote|Sinatra, and Bing Crosby before him, had been masters of words. Ray Charles is a master of sounds. His records disclose an extraordinary assortment of slurs, glides, turns, shrieks, wails, breaks, shouts, screams and hollers, all wonderfully controlled, disciplined by inspired musicianship, and harnessed to ingenious subtleties of harmony, dynamics and rhythm... It is either the singing of a man whose vocabulary is inadequate to express what is in his heart and mind or of one whose feelings are too intense for satisfactory verbal or conventionally melodic articulation. He can't tell it to you. He can't even sing it to you. He has to cry out to you, or shout to you, in tones eloquent of despair—or exaltation. The voice alone, with little assistance from the text or the notated music, conveys the message.<ref>{{cite book|first= Henry|last= Pleasants|author-link= Henry Pleasants (music critic)|date= 1974|title= The Great American Popular Singers|publisher= Simon and Schuster|location= New York City|isbn= 9780671216818|url= https://archive.org/details/greatamericanpop00pleas}}</ref>}}[[
Pleasants melanjutkan, "Ray Charles biasanya digambarkan sebagai bariton, dan suaranya yang berbicara akan menunjukkan sebanyak mungkin, seperti halnya kesulitan yang dia alami dalam mencapai dan mempertahankan tinggi E dan F bariton dalam balada populer. Tapi suaranya mengalami semacam transfigurasi di bawah tekanan, dan dalam musik Injil atau karakter blues dia dapat dan memang bernyanyi untuk ukuran-ukuran pada akhirnya dalam rentang tenor tinggi dari A, B flat, B, C dan bahkan C tajam dan D, terkadang dengan suara penuh, terkadang dalam Suara kepala gembira, kadang-kadang dalam falsetto. Dalam falsetto dia terus naik ke E dan F di atas tinggi C. Pada satu rekaman luar biasa, 'I'm Going Down to the River' ... dia memukul flat B yang luar biasa ... memberinya rentang keseluruhan, termasuk perpanjangan falsetto, setidaknya tiga oktaf. "
Gaya dan kesuksesannya dalam genre ritme dan blues dan jazz berpengaruh pada sejumlah artis yang sangat sukses, termasuk, seperti yang dicatat [[Jon Pareles]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Aretha Franklin]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Van Morrison]], and [[Billy Joel]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Pareles|first=Jon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/10/arts/music/ray-charles-who-reshaped-american-music-dies-at-73.html |title= Ray Charles, Who Reshaped American Music, Dies at 73|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=September 23, 2018}}</ref> Penyanyi lain yang telah mengakui pengaruh Charles pada gaya mereka termasuk [[James Booker]],<ref name="russell">{{cite book| first= Tony| last= Russell| date= 1997| title= The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray| publisher=Carlton Books | location= Dubai| page= 94| isbn= 1-85868-255-X}}</ref> [[Steve Winwood]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Buckley |first=Michael |url=https://www.stevewinwood.com/news/6062 |title= A Chat With Steve Winwood: June 10, 2005 |publisher=The Annapolis Capital |access-date=September 23, 2018}}</ref> [[Richard Manuel]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Viney |first=Peter |url=http://theband.hiof.no/articles/viney_ray_charles_band.html|title= Influences on The Band: Ray Charles|publisher=theband.hiof.no |access-date=September 23, 2018}}</ref> Dan [[Gregg Allman]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Lynskey|first=John|url=https://www.greggallman.com/music/back-to-macon/|title= Gregg Allman Live: Back to Macon|publisher=greggallman.com |access-date=September 23, 2018 }}</ref> Menurut Joe Levy, editor musik Rolling Stone, "Rekaman hit yang dia buat untuk Atlantik pada pertengahan 1950-an memetakan segala sesuatu yang akan terjadi pada musik rock 'n' roll dan soul
''[[Ray (film)|Ray]]'', a biopic portraying his life and career between the mid-1930s and 1979, was released in October 2004, starring [[Jamie Foxx]] as Charles. Foxx won the [[77th Academy Awards|2005]] [[Academy Award for Best Actor]] for the role.
===Penghargaan Dan Kehormatan===
[[
Pada tahun 1975, Ray Charles dilantik ke American Academy of Achievement dan disajikan dengan Golden Plate Award dan medali emas Academy of Achievement.<ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=www.achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Photo: Two Academy members, William J. Clinton, 42nd President of the United States, and Ray Charles at the 2003 Banquet of the Golden Plate Award gala ceremonies.|publisher=[[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement]]|url= https://achievement.org/summit/2003/ }}</ref>
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Pada tahun 2003, Charles dianugerahi gelar kehormatan oleh [[Dillard University]],dan setelah kematiannya ia menganugerahi jabatan profesor sejarah kuliner Afrika-Amerika di sekolah tersebut, kursi pertama di negara tersebut.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F00E0D91F3AF930A15751C0A9639C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all |title=A Gift to Black Cuisine, from Ray Charles |first=Mimi |last=Read |work=The New York Times |date=February 23, 2005|access-date=October 11, 2010}}</ref>
Pada tahun 2010, fasilitas senilai $ 20 juta, 76.000 kaki persegi (7.0606 m2) bernama Pusat Seni Pertunjukan Ray Charles dan Gedung Akademik Musik, dibuka di Morehouse.<ref name="ribbon">{{cite press release|url=http://www.morehouse.edu/communications/archives/002313.html|title=Morehouse Cuts the Ribbon on the Ray Charles Performing Arts Center and Music Academic Building|last=Seymour|first=Add, Jr.|date=September 29, 2010|access-date=March 16, 2017|publisher=Morehouse College|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317143513/https://www.morehouse.edu/communications/archives/002313.html|archive-date=17 March 2017}} {{
[[United States Postal Service]] mengeluarkan perangko selamanya untuk menghormati Charles, sebagai bagian dari seri Ikon Musikal, pada 23 September 2013.<ref>[http://www.usstampgallery.com/view.php?id=fca5bb93c833ad71742675dcdc2af79bd3169ce0 Ray Charles] US Stamp Gallery</ref>
Pada tahun 2015, Charles dilantik menjadi [[Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wdet.org/posts/2015/06/24/80845-rb-music-hall-of-fame-comes-to-detroit/|title=R&B Music Hall of Fame Comes to Detroit
Pada 2016, Presiden AS, [[Barack Obama]] berkata "versi Ray Charles "[[America the Beautiful]]"menurut saya akan selalu menjadi musik paling patriotik yang pernah dibawakan "<ref>Quoted in David Remnick (2016), [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/04/04/aretha-franklins-american-soul "Soul Survivor: The Revival and Hidden Treasure of Aretha Franklin"]. ''The New Yorker''. April 4, 2016. Retrieved on April 4, 2016.</ref>
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===Ray Charles Foundation===
Penerima donasi termasuk [[Benedict College]], [[Morehouse College]], Dan Termasuk Universitas Lainnya <ref name="Morehouse gets $3 million gift from Ray Charles Foundation">{{cite web|title=Morehouse Gets $3 Million Gift from Ray Charles Foundation |url=http://www.ajc.com/news/news/morehouse-gets-3-million-gift-from-ray-charles-fou/nWRZ5/|publisher=Ajc.com|access-date=December 21, 2014}}</ref> Yayasan tersebut telah menindak penerima donasi yang tidak menggunakan dana sesuai dengan pernyataan misinya, seperti [[Albany State University]], yang dilakukan untuk mengembalikan sumbangan $ 3 juta setelah tidak menggunakan dana tersebut selama lebih dari satu dekade.<ref name="Daily News">{{cite web |title=Ray Charles Foundation wants $3 million gift back from Albany State University - NY Daily News |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music-arts/ray-charles-foundation-3-million-gift-back-albany-state-university-article-1.1022939 |website=nydailynews.com |access-date=16 December 2018 |date=15 February 2012}}</ref> Yayasan ini menaungi kantor eksekutifnya di Gedung Internasional RPM yang bersejarah, awalnya rumah Ray Charles Enterprises dan sekarang juga menjadi rumah bagi Perpustakaan Peringatan Ray Charles di lantai pertama, yang didirikan pada 23 September 2010 (yang akan menjadi rumah ke-80 ulang tahun). Perpustakaan ini didirikan untuk "memberikan jalan bagi anak-anak kecil untuk merasakan musik dan seni dengan cara yang akan menginspirasi kreativitas dan imajinasi mereka", dan tidak terbuka untuk umum tanpa reservasi, karena tujuan utamanya adalah untuk mendidik kelompok massa yang kurang mampu pemuda dan memberikan seni dan sejarah kepada mereka yang tidak memiliki akses ke dokumen tersebut.<ref name="Ray Charles Memorial Library">{{cite web|title=About the Library|url=http://www.theraycharlesfoundation.org/RCF_AboutTheLibrary |publisher=Theraycharlesfoundation.org |access-date=December 21, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006093827/http://www.theraycharlesfoundation.org/RCF_AboutTheLibrary |archive-date=October 6, 2014 }}</ref>
===Bintang hancur===
Pada Tanggal 25 Juni 2019 Surat Kabar ''[[The New York Times Magazine]]'' Mengatakan Bahwa Bintang yang
menempatkan Ray Charles di antara ratusan seniman yang materialnya dilaporkan dihancurkan di [[2008 Universal fire]].<ref name="Rosen2">{{cite web |last1=Rosen |first1=Jody |title=Here Are Hundreds More Artists Whose Tapes Were Destroyed in the UMG Fire |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/25/magazine/universal-music-fire-bands-list-umg.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=28 June 2019 |date=25 June 2019}}</ref>
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Charles berselingkuh selama enam tahun Dengan [[Margie Hendrix|Margie Hendricks]], salah satu Raelettes asli, dan pada tahun 1959 mereka memiliki seorang putra, Charles Wayne. Perselingkuhannya dengan Mae Mosley Lyles menghasilkan seorang putri lagi, Renee, lahir pada tahun 1961. Pada tahun 1963, oleh Sandra Jean Betts, Ray Charles memiliki seorang putri, [[Sheila Raye Charles]], penyanyi dan penulis lagu yang meninggal karena kanker payudara pada 15 Juni 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.einpresswire.com/article/387087694/the-daughter-of-music-icon-ray-charles-sheila-raye-charles-succumbs-to-breast-cancer |title=The daughter of Music Icon Ray Charles; Sheila Raye Charles succumbs to breast cancer |website=Einpresswire.com |date=2017-06-15 |access-date=2017-06-25}}</ref> Pada tahun 1977, Charles memiliki seorang anak dengan kekasih Parisnya Arlette Kotchounian yang ia temui pada tahun 1967. Pacar dan pasangan jangka panjangnya pada saat kematiannya adalah Norma Pinella.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RSGhEUq5bp0C&q=norma+pinella+ray+charles&pg=PA176|title=Icons of Black America: Breaking Barriers and Crossing Boundaries [3 volumes]: Breaking Barriers and Crossing Boundaries [Three Volumes]|last=Whitaker|first=Matthew |publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2011|isbn=9780313376436|language=en}}</ref>
Charles Menjadi Ayah 12 Anak Dari 10 Istri Yang Berbeda-beda:
* Evelyn Robinson, Lahir in 1949 (daughter with Louise Flowers)
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Pada tahun 2003, Charles menjalani operasi penggantian pinggul yang sukses dan berencana untuk kembali tur, sampai dia mulai menderita penyakit lain. Dia meninggal di rumahnya di [[Beverly Hills, California]] komplikasi akibat gagal hati,<ref name="NPR death"/> Pada Tanggal 10 Juni Tahun 2004, Diusianya Yang Ke-73 <ref>{{cite web|author=D'Angelo, Joe|work=mtv.com|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1488316/ray-charles-dead-at-73.jhtml|title=Ray Charles Dead at 73|access-date=January 1, 2012}}</ref> Pemakamannya Berlangsung Pada tanggal 18 Juni 2004 Di [[First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles]] Dengan Para Musisi Terkenal Yang Hadir Seperti <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stcatharinesstandard.ca/2013/10/01/little-richard-suffers-heart-attack-at-home|title=Little Richard Has Heart Attack|publisher=Stcatharinesstandard.ca|access-date=April 25, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201235451/http://www.stcatharinesstandard.ca/2013/10/01/little-richard-suffers-heart-attack-at-home|archive-date=February 1, 2014|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> [[B.B. King]], [[Glen Campbell]], [[Stevie Wonder]] Dan [[Wynton Marsalis]] Masing-Masing Melakukan Penghormatan Di Pemakamannya.<ref name=CBSdeath/> Dia dimakamkan di Pemakaman Taman Inglewood.
Album Terakhirnya, ''[[Genius Loves Company]]'', Dirilis 2 Bulan Setelah Kematiannya, terdiri dari duet dengan pengagum dan orang sezaman: [[B.B. King]], [[Van Morrison]], [[Willie Nelson]], [[James Taylor]], [[Gladys Knight]], [[Michael McDonald (musician)|Michael McDonald]], [[Natalie Cole]], [[Elton John]], [[Johnny Cash]], [[Bonnie Raitt]], [[Diana Krall]], [[Norah Jones]] Dan Juga [[Johnny Mathis]]. Album ini memenangkan delapan [[Grammy Awards]], termasuk Album Vokal Pop Terbaik, Album Terbaik Tahun Ini, Rekaman Tahun Ini dan Kolaborasi Pop Terbaik dengan Vokal (untuk "Here We Go Again", dengan Norah Jones), dan Penampilan Injil Terbaik (untuk "Heaven Help Us All", dengan Gladys Ksatria); dia juga menerima anggukan untuk duetnya dengan Elton John dan B.B. King. Album tersebut menyertakan versi Dari [[Harold Arlen]] Dan [[E. Y. Harburg]]'s "[[Over the Rainbow]]", dinyanyikan sebagai duet dengan Johnny Mathis, yang dimainkan pada upacara peringatan Charles.<ref name="CBSdeath">{{cite news|title=Many Pay Respects to Ray Charles|publisher=CBS News
==Discography ==
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{{reflist|group=note}}
==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==
* [https://www.drukadvice.com/della-beatrice-howard-robinson-net-worth/ Ray Charles Wife] wiki{{Wikipedia books|Della Beatrice Howard Robinson}}
{{wikiquote|Ray Charles}}
{{commons category|Ray Charles}}
* {{Official website|http://www.raycharles.com}}
* [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1464285/Ray-Charles.html ''Daily Telegraph'' obituary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200813171348/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1464285/Ray-Charles.html |date=2020-08-13 }}
* [http://www.visionaryproject.com/charlesray/ Oral history video excerpts] at the National Visionary Leadership Project
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100411224745/http://www.countrymusichalloffame.org/past/view/i-can-t-stop-loving-you-ray-charles-and-country-music Country Music Hall of Fame]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Charles, Ray}}
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