Fred M. Taylor: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Fred Manville Taylor''' (11 Juli 1855, [[Northville, Michigan]] – 7 Agustus 1932<!-- , Pasadena?-->) adalah ekonom dan pendidik Amerika Serikat yang dikenal atas kontribusinya dalam teori [[sosialisme pasar]]. Dia mengajar program studi sejarah di [[Albion College]] sejak 1879 sampai 1892. Dia mengajar di departemen ekonomi [[Universitas Michigan]] sejak 1892 sampai 1929 setelah menerima gelar Ph.D. bidang [[filsafat politik]] pada 1888. Karyanya pada 1911, ''Principles of Economics'' disusun sampai sembilan edisi.<ref>*F.M. Taylor ([1911] 1925, 9th ed.). ''Principles of Economics''. Chapter-preview [https://books.google.com/books?id=QShBAAAAIAAJ&printsec=find&pg=PR7=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false links] (1921, 8th ed.).</ref> Dalam [[ideologi ekonomi|ideologi]] [[Libertarianisme|libertarian]], dia tercatat sebagai pengekspos jelas dan teliti teori ekonomi dalam garis [[ekuilibrium parsial]] dari [[Alfred Marshall]].<ref>Daniel R. Fusfeld (1987). "Taylor, Fred Manville" ''[[The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics]]'', v. 4, pp.&nbsp;611–12.</ref>

Dalam pidatonya sebagai Presiden [[Asosiasi Ekonomi Amerika]] pada 1929, Taylor menjelaskan kondisi [[ekonomi sosialis]] secara teori dapat mencapai alokasi sumber daya yang efisien. Kondisi itu pararelparalel dengan [[ekonomi perusahaan swasta|kapitalisme]]. Di antaranya negara menyediakan pendapatan kepada warga negaranya, kemudian warga negara menggunakan pendapatannya dengan memilih untuk membeli keluaran yang diproduksi oleh [[Bisnis|perusahaan]] [[negara]]. Negara mengatur harga setara dengan biaya marjinal untuk mengkompensasi faktor produksi, termasuk tenaga kerja, dengan harga diatur secara uji coba untuk membersihkan pasar.<ref>Fred M. Taylor (1929). "The Guidance of Production in a Socialist State," ''American Economic Review'', 19(1), p [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/1809581?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101277385801 p. 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725160817/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1809581 |date=2023-07-25 }}-8, reprinted in ''On the Economic Theory of Socialism'' (1938) and ''Socialism and the Market: The Socialist Calculation Debate Revisited'' (2000), p [https://books.google.com/books?id=iuxZavN31I8C&pg=PA1 p. 1]-[https://books.google.com/books?id=iuxZavN31I8C&pg=PA8 8.]</ref> Dalam teori ini, Taylor mengemukakan prinsip [[sosialisme pasar]] yang dikembangkan oleh [[Abba Lerner]] dan [[Oskar R. Lange]] pada dekade selanjutnya dan diantisipasi dalam bentuk matematika oleh [[Enrico Barone]] pada 1908.<ref>*Z. Clark Dickinson (1960). "Fred M. Taylor's Views on Socialism," ''Economica'', N.S. 27(105), p [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2551426?uid=2&uid=4&sid=21101277385801 p. 42-] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725160814/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2551426 |date=2023-07-25 }} 52.</ref><ref>M. H. I. Dore and M. C. Kaser (1984). "The Millions of Equations Debate: Seventy Years after Barone, ''Atlantic Economic Journal'', p [http://www.springerlink.com/content/d68m232080112115/ p. 30]{{Pranala mati|date=Januari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}-44.</ref>

* {{cite book|author=Fred Manville Taylor|title=The Law of Nature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CgAvoFciPIUC|year=1891|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-date=2023-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725160815/https://books.google.com/books?id=CgAvoFciPIUC|dead-url=no}}

* {{cite book|author=Fred Manville Taylor|title=Do We Want an Elastic Currency?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KXNTJK7RQk4C|year=1896|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-date=2023-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725160817/https://books.google.com/books?id=KXNTJK7RQk4C|dead-url=no}}

* {{cite book|author=Fred Manville Taylor|title=Some Readings in Economics: Prepared for the Use of Students in Course I, Political Economy, University of Michigan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QjFBAAAAIAAJ|year=1907|publisher=G. Wahr|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-date=2023-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725160817/https://books.google.com/books?id=QjFBAAAAIAAJ|dead-url=no}}

* {{cite book|author1=Oskar Lange|author2=Benjamin Evans Lippincott|author3=Fred Manville Taylor|title=On the economic theory of socialism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xvEEAQAAIAAJ|year=1964|origyear=1938|publisher=McGraw-Hill|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-date=2023-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725160820/https://books.google.com/books?id=xvEEAQAAIAAJ|dead-url=no}}

* {{cite web|title=Fred M. Taylor|url=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?searchType=facetSearch&page=1&sd=&ed=&facet_economics-discipline=ZWNvbm9taWNzLWRpc2NpcGxpbmU%3D&facet_politicalscience-discipline=cG9saXRpY2Fsc2NpZW5jZS1kaXNjaXBsaW5l&facet_sociology-discipline=c29jaW9sb2d5LWRpc2NpcGxpbmU%3D&acc=off&Query=au%3A%22Fred%20M.%20Taylor%22%20&fc=off&wc=on&group=none|publisher=[[JSTOR]]|access-date=2019-02-03|archive-date=2020-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103223237/https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?searchType=facetSearch&page=1&sd=&ed=&facet_economics-discipline=ZWNvbm9taWNzLWRpc2NpcGxpbmU%3D&facet_politicalscience-discipline=cG9saXRpY2Fsc2NpZW5jZS1kaXNjaXBsaW5l&facet_sociology-discipline=c29jaW9sb2d5LWRpc2NpcGxpbmU%3D&acc=off&Query=au%3A%22Fred%20M.%20Taylor%22%20&fc=off&wc=on&group=none|dead-url=no}}