Marie Colvin: Perbedaan antara revisi

Colvin diserang setelah meneriakkan "''journalist, journalist!''" ketika sedang meliput [[Perang Saudara Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Hodgson |first=Jessica |title=Sunday Times journalist may lose sight |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2001/apr/18/sundaytimes.pressandpublishing |newspaper=The Guardian |date=April 18, 2001 |location=London, UK}}</ref><ref name=telegraph>{{cite news |title=Syria: Sunday Times journalist Marie Colvin 'killed in Homs' |first=Murray |last=Wardrop |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9097762/Syria-Sunday-Times-journalist-Marie-Colvin-killed-in-Homs.html |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=February 22, 2012 |location=London, UK}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Walt |first=Vivienne |url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2107394,00.html |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |title=Syria: War Reporter Marie Colvin and Photographer Rémi Ochlik Are Killed |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=February 22, 2012 |archive-date=2012-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222173424/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2107394,00.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="ausmcmay09"/> Dalam wawancara dengan [[Lindsey Hilsum]] di ''[[Channel 4 News]]'', ia menceritakan bahwa penyerangnya sengaja menyasar dirinya.<ref name="my friend">{{cite web |last=Hilsum |first=Lindsey |authorlink=Lindsey Hilsum |url=http://blogs.channel4.com/world-news-blog/my-friend-marie-colvin/20408 |title=My friend, Marie Colvin |website=World News Blog |publisher=Channel 4 |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=February 24, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225025243/http://blogs.channel4.com/world-news-blog/my-friend-marie-colvin/20408 |archivedate=February 25, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Meski terluka parah, Colvin yang saat itu berusia 44 tahun masih menyempatkan diri menulis dan mengirim artikel 3.000 kata tepat waktu.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/tigers-begged-me-to-broker-surrender-5pv2dm7x3nn |title=Tigers begged me to broker surrender |last=Colvin |first=Marie |date=May 24, 2009 |newspaper=The Sunday Times |access-date=October 24, 2018}}</ref> Ia berjalan kurang lebih 50 &nbsp;km melintasi hutan [[Vanni (Sri Lanka)|Vanni]] didampingi pemandu Tamil untuk menghindari tentara pemerintah. Ia melaporkan bencana kemanusiaan di kawasan Tamil utara, termasuk pemutusan pasokan makanan dan obat-obatan oleh pemerintah dan larangan peliputan perang oleh wartawan asing di sana selama enam tahun.<ref name=Guardianobit/><ref name="ausmcmay09"/><ref name="my friend"/> Colvin kemudian menderita [[gangguan tekanan pascatrauma]] (PTSD) dan dirawat di rumah sakit. Ia menjadi saksi mata dan penengah menjelang berakhirnya perang di Sri Lanka. Ia melaporkan [[dugaan kejahatan perang pada Perang Saudara Sri Lanka|kejahatan perang]] terhadap [[suku Tamil Sri Lanka|suku Tamil]] saat itu.<ref name="ausmcmay09">{{cite news |last=Colvin |first=Marie |title=Slain Tamil chiefs were promised safety |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/slain-tamil-chiefs-were-promised-safety/story-e6frg6t6-1225715467354 |newspaper=The Australian |date=May 25, 2009 |accessdate=February 22, 2012}}</ref> Beberapa hari kemudian, pemerintah Sri Lanka mengizinkan wartawan asing masuk ke daerah yang diduduki pemberontak. Direktur penerangan pemerintah, Ariya Rubasinghe, menyatakan, "Wartawan boleh masuk. Kami tidak melarang mereka, tetapi mereka harus menyadari dan menerima risikonya."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.apnewsarchive.com/2001/Sri-Lanka-To-Allow-Press-into-Areas/id-746d7b80f2b668bab76964e40e03fa42 |title=Sri Lanka To Allow Press Into Areas |date=April 22, 2001 |website=Associated Press |access-date=October 24, 2018}}</ref>

Pada Februari 2012, Colvin masuk ke Suriah dengan membonceng sepeda motor [[motocross]]. Ia tidak peduli dengan upaya pemerintah Suriah yang mencegah wartawan asing masuk tanpa izin untuk meliput [[perang saudara Suriah]]. Colvin ditempatkan di distrik [[Baba Amr]] barat di kota [[Homs]]. Ia menyampaikan siaran terakhir pada sore tanggal 21 Februari ke [[BBC]], [[Channel 4]], [[CNN]], dan [[ITN News]] via [[telepon satelit]].<ref name="DM killed"/> Ia menggambarkan serangan granat dan penembak runduk "tanpa ampun" oleh pasukan Suriah terhadap rumah-rumah warga sipil dan orang-orang di jalanan.<ref name="Guardianobit"/> Dalam wawancara langsung dengan [[Anderson Cooper]], Colvin menyebut pengeboman Homs sebagai konflik terburuk yang pernah dialami seumur hidupnya.<ref>{{cite web |title=Video: Marie Colvin's last call to CNN |url=http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2012/02/22/video-journalist-syrias-government-lies/ |date=February 22, 2012 |website=CNN |access-date=2019-03-16 |archive-date=2012-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223114025/http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2012/02/22/video-journalist-syrias-government-lies/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Colvin meninggal dunia pada tanggal 22 Februari 2012 bersama juru foto [[Rémi Ochlik]].<ref name=Guardianobit>{{cite news |last=Greenslade |first=Roy |authorlink=Roy Greenslade |title=Marie Colvin obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/feb/22/marie-colvin |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=February 22, 2012 |location=London, UK |accessdate=February 25, 2012}}</ref> Autopsi oleh pemerintah Suriah di Damaskus mengungkapkan bahwa Colvin tewas akibat ledakan "[[bom rakitan]] berisi [[paku]]."<ref name="algeria.isp">{{cite news |url=http://www.algeria-isp.com/actualites/politique-syrie/201203-A9077/syrie-verite-sur-mort-journaliste-americaine-marie-colvin-mars-2012.html |title=Syrie&nbsp;– La vérité sur la mort de la journaliste américaine Marie Colvin |date=March 5, 2012 |website=Algeria ISP |language=French |accessdate=March 7, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327044423/http://www.algeria-isp.com/actualites/politique-syrie/201203-A9077/syrie-verite-sur-mort-journaliste-americaine-marie-colvin-mars-2012.html |archivedate=March 27, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Pemerintah Suriah mengklaim bom tersebut diletakkan oleh teroris pada 22 Februari saat melarikan diri dari [[Ali Mahmoud Othman#Baba Amro News|kantor berita tidak resmi]] yang [[pengeboman Homs Februari 2012|dibom granat]] oleh [[Angkatan Darat Suriah]].<ref name=telegraph/><ref>{{cite news |title=Two Western Journalists Killed in Syria Shelling |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/23/world/middleeast/marie-colvin-and-remi-ochlik-journalists-killed-in-syria.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 22, 2012 |first=Rod |last=Nordland |first2=Alan |last2=Cowell }}</ref><ref name=telegraph/><ref>{{cite web |title='Foreign journalists killed' in Homs shelling |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/02/201222291445322238.html |website=Al Jazeera |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=February 22, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Veteran war reporter Marie Colvin killed in Syria |url=http://www.channel4.com/news/veteran-war-reporter-marie-colvin-killed-in-syria |website=Channel 4 |location=UK |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=February 22, 2012}}</ref> Klaim ini dibantah oleh juru foto [[Paul Conroy (wartawan)|Paul Conroy]] yang saat itu bersama Colvin dan Ochlik dan selamat dari serangan tersebut. Conroy bercerita bahwa Colvin dan Ochlik sedang bersiap-siap menyelamatkan diri ketika kantor beritanya diserang artileri Suriah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/07/09/marie-colvin-s-family-blames-assad-for-her-death.html |title=Marie Colvin's Family Blames Assad for Her Death |last=Wood |first=Paul |date=July 9, 2016 |website=The Daily Beast |access-date=July 10, 2016}}</ref>

Wartawan [[Jean-Pierre Perrin]] dan berbagai sumber melaporkan bahwa gedung tersebut disasar oleh Angkatan Darat Suriah dengan melacak sinyal telepon satelit.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/war-reporter-marie-colvin-was-tracked-targeted-and-killed-by-assads-forces-family-says/2016/07/09/62968844-453a-11e6-88d0-6adee48be8bc_story.html |archive-url= |dead-url= |date=July 9, 2016 |archive-date= |accessdate=2 November 2018 |title=War reporter Marie Colvin was tracked, targeted and killed by Assad’s forces, family says |script-title= |trans-title= |last= Priest |first= Dana |website=The Washington Post |quote= }} </ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Marie Colvin: Britain summons Syria ambassador over killing |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9098511/Marie-Colvin-Britain-summons-Syria-ambassador-over-killing.html |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=February 22, 2012 |accessdate=February 22, 2012 |first1=Nabila |last1=Ramdani |first2=Peter |last2=Allen |location=London, UK}}</ref> Tim wartawan sudah berencana menyelamatkan diri beberapa jam sebelumnya.<ref name="my friend" />