Kanchipuram: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 5:
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = TownKota
| image_skyline = Kailasanathar temple Kanchipuram (16).jpg
| image_alt = KailasanatharKuil templeKailasanathar
| image_caption = [[KanchiKuil Kailasanathar TempleKanchi|Kuil Kailasanathar temple]], 685-705, the oldestkuil templetertua indi thekota townini
| nickname = Kānchi
| map_alt =
Baris 16:
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|12.82|N|79.71|E|display=inline,title}}
| latd = 12|latm = 49|lats = 12|latNS = N
| subdivision_type = Country
| longd = 79|longm = 42|longs = 36|longEW = E
| subdivision_type = CountryNegara
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[IndianDaftar statenegara bagian dan wilayah di India|StateNegara Bagian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[ListDaftar ofdistrik districts ofdi India|DistrictDistrik]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tondaimandalam|Tondai Nadu]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[KanchipuramDistrik districtKanchipuram|Kanchipuram]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =Municipality Munisipalitas
| governing_body =Munisipalitas Kanchipuram Municipality
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
Baris 43 ⟶ 45:
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = LanguagesBahasa
| demographics1_title1 = OfficialResmi
| timezone1 = [[IndianWaktu StandardStandar TimeIndia|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:.30
| postal_code_type = [[PostalNomor IndexIndeks NumberPos|PIN]]
| postal_code = 631501-631503
| area_code = 044
| area_code_type = TelephoneKode codetelepon
| registration_plate = TN-21
| website = {{URL|kanchi.tn.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[TamilBahasa languageTamil|Tamil]]
}}
'''Kānchipuram'''{{Ref|a| '''a'''}} atau dikenal sebagai '''Kānchi''' (''{{transl|ta|ISO|kāñcipuram}}''; {{IPA-ta|kaːɲd͡ʒipuɾəm|}}){{sfn|Malalasekera| 1973| pp= 112–13}} adalah sebuah kota di Negara Bagian [[Tamil Nadu]], India, {{convert|72|km|abbr=on}} dari [[Chennai]]{{spaced ndash}}ibu kota Tamil Nadu. Kota ini meliputi daerah seluas {{convert|11.,605|sqkm|sqmi|abbr=on}} dan memiliki penduduk sebanyak 164.265 jiwa pada tahun 2001.{{sfn|Kanchipuram : Census 2011}} Ia merupakan ibu kota administrasi pemerintahan [[Distrik Kanchipuram]]. Kanchipuram terhubung dengan baik melalui jalan darat dan rel. [[Bandar Udara Internasional Chennai]] merupakan bandar udara domestik dan internasional yang terdekat ke kota ini, yang terletak di [[Tirusulam]] di [[Distrik Kanchipuram]].
 
Terletak di tepi Sungai Vegavathy, Kanchipuram telah diperintah oleh [[Pallawa]], [[Chola Abad Pertengahan]],<ref name=EB1911>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Conjeeveram|volume=6|page=943}}</ref> [[Chola Akhir]], Pandya Akhir, [[Kemaharajaan Wijayanagara]], [[Negara Arcot|Kerajaan Carnatic]], dan [[British Raj|Britania]], yang menyebut kota tersebut "Conjeeveram".<ref name=EB1911/> Monumen bersejarah kota ini meliputi [[Kuil Kailasanathar Kanchi|Kuil Kailasanathar]] dan [[Tiru Parameswara Vinnagaram|Kuil Vaikunta Perumal]]. Secara historis, Kanchipuram merupakan pusat pendidikan{{sfn|Rao|2008|p=xviii}} dan dikenal sebagai ''ghatikasthanam'', atau "tempat belajar".{{sfn|K.V.|1975|p=80}} Kota ini juga merupakan suatu pusat pendidikan lanjutan keagamaan untuk [[Jainisme]] dan [[Buddhisme]] antara abad ke-1 dan ke-5.{{sfn|Thapar| 2001| pp= 344–345}}
 
Dalam teologi Hindu aliran [[Waisnawa]], Kanchipuram merupakan salah satu dari tujuh situs ''[[Tirtha (Hinduisme)|Tirtha]]'' (ziarah), bagi pembebasan spiritual.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Jean Holm|author2=John Bowker|title=Sacred Place|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xlfCgAAQBAJ |year=2001|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-62356-623-4|page=70}}</ref> Kota ini menjadi tempat berdirinya [[Kuil Varadharaja Perumal]], [[Kuil Ekambareswarar]], [[Kuil Kamakshi Amman]],dan [[Kuil Kumarakottam]] yang merupakan beberapa kuil Hindu utama di negara bagian tersebut. Dari 108 kuil suci dewa Hindu [[Wisnu]], 14 di antaranya terletak di Kanchipuram. Kota ini sangat penting bagi aliran [[Sri Waisnawa]], namun juga sebuah tempat ziarah suci dalam aliran [[Saiwa]]. Kota ini terkenal karena sutra tenunan tangannya, [[sari]] dan sebagian besar tenaga kerja kota terlibat dalam industri pertenunan.{{sfn|Kanchipuram Industrial profile|2012}}
 
Kanchipuram dikelola oleh sebuah munisipalitas tingkat Khusus yang didirikan pada tahun 1947. Kota ini adalah markas besar [[Kanchi matha]], sebuah institusi monastik Hindu yang diyakini didirikan oleh orang suci Hindu dan komentator [[Adi Sankaracharya]], dan merupakan ibu kota [[Dinasti Pallawa|Kerajaan Pallawa]] antara abad ke-4 dan ke-9.
 
Kanchipuram telah dipilih sebagai salah satu kota warisan untuk skema [[Pengembangan dan Peningkatan Kota Warisan Yojana]] dari Pemerintah India.
 
== Catatan ==
=== Catatan kaki ===
* {{Note|a}} TheEjaan official spellingresmi, as per thesesuai [http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/ municipalitysitus wb websitemunisipalitas] is{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107005041/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/ |date=2012-01-07 }} adalah "Kancheepuram". HoweverNamun, the spellingejaan Kanchipuram isadalah thenama mostyang widelypaling usedbanyak namedigunakan.
 
=== Kutipan ===
Baris 72 ⟶ 82:
* {{cite map|publisher=[[India Meteorological Department]]|url=http://www.imd.gov.in/section/seismo/static/seismo-zone.htm|title=Seismic Zoning Map|accessdate=12 November 2012|year=2008|ref={{sfnRef|Seismic Zoning map|2008}}}}
* {{cite report|publisher=India Meteorological Department|format=PDF|url=http://www.imd.gov.in/section/seismo/static/Glossary.pdf|title=Seismology glossary|accessdate=12 November 2012|year=2008|ref={{sfnRef|Seismology glossary|2008}}}}
* {{cite report|title= Kanchipuram local plan|last=Kanchipuram local plan|format=PDF|url=http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/kpm_localplan.pdf|publisher=Kancheepuram Municipality|year=2006|accessdate = 8 June 2012|ref=harv|archive-date=2012-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412200214/http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/kpm_localplan.pdf|dead-url=yes}}
* {{Cite report
| author = Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India
| date = 2007
| title = District ground water brochure – Kancheepuram district
| url = http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/TamilNadu/Kancheepuram.pdf
| publisher = Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India
| format = PDF
| section =
| docket =
| accessdate = 30 September 2012
|ref = harv
}}
* {{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-18/chennai/32298697_1_tambaram-forest-nanmangalam-reserve-forest-dimeria-acutipes-and-cyondon|title=Nanmangalam forest will get wall as shield|accessdate=26 June 2012|work=The Hindu|date=18 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|''The Hindu''|18 June 2012}}|archive-date=2013-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612140250/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-18/chennai/32298697_1_tambaram-forest-nanmangalam-reserve-forest-dimeria-acutipes-and-cyondon|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite news
* {{cite news|url = http://articleswww.timesofindia.indiatimesthehindu.com/2012-06-18news/cities/chennai/32298697_1_tambaram-forest-nanmangalam-reserve-forest-dimeria-acutipes-and-cyondonarticle3433503.ece|title =Medicinal Nanmangalamgarden forestset willup get wall as shieldnear Kancheepuram|accessdate=26 June 2012|work=The Hindu|date=1819 JuneMay 2012|ref={{sfnRef|''The Hindu''|1819 JuneMay 2012}} }}
* {{cite news|url = http://www.thehindu.com/arts/history-and-culture/article2128525.ece|title = Deprived of original élan |accessdate=26 June 2012|work=The Hindu|date=23 June 2011|ref={{sfnRef|''The Hindu''|23 June 2011}} }}
* {{cite news
* {{cite news|url = http://www.thehinduindianexpress.com/news/citiesgovt-ropes-in-tcs-for-muchawaited-iiit-project/chennai955160/article3433503.ece|title =Govt Medicinalropes gardenin setTCS upfor nearmuch-awaited KancheepuramIIIT project|accessdatelast=26Dave|first=Kapil|date=29 JuneMay 2012|work=The HinduIndian Express|dateaccessdate=1915 MayJune 2012|location=Chennai|ref={{sfnRef|''The HinduIndian Express''|1929 May 2012}} }}
* {{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/article3451242.ece?ref=wl_industry-and-economy|title=L&T opens first rail construction training centre near Chennai|last=T.E.|first=Raja Simhan|date=24 May 2012|work=The Business Line|accessdate=15 June 2012|location=Chennai|ref={{sfnRef|''The Businessline''|24 May 2012}}}}
* {{cite news
* {{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-29/chennai/28312502_1_gi-tag-gi-registry-gi-protection|title=GI tag: TN trails Karnataka with 18 products|date=29 August 2010|work=The Times of India |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|''The Times of India''|29 August 2010}} |archive-date=2012-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103144531/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-29/chennai/28312502_1_gi-tag-gi-registry-gi-protection|dead-url=yes}}
|url = http://www.thehindu.com/arts/history-and-culture/article2128525.ece|title = Deprived of original élan |accessdate=26 June 2012|work=The Hindu|date=23 June 2011|ref={{sfnRef|''The Hindu''|23 June 2011}} }}
* {{cite news|url=http://wwwarticles.indianexpresseconomictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-12-27/news/govt30561514_1_silk-ropessarees-inkanchipuram-tcs-for-muchawaited-iiit-project/955160/weavers|title=GovtGovernment ropes ineases TCSnorms for muchgold-awaitedsilver IIITmix projectin Kanchipuram sarees|last=Dave|first=KapilSangeetha Kandavel, Sanjay Vijyakumar|date=2927 MayDecember 20122011|work=The IndianEconomic ExpressTimes|accessdate=1514 JuneMay 2012|location=Chennai|ref={{sfnRef|''The IndianEconomic ExpressTimes''|2927 MayDecember 20122011}}}}
* {{cite news|title=Kancheepuram weavers disillusioned|url=http://wwwelection.thehindubusinesslinerediff.com/companiesslide-show/article3451242.ece?ref=wl_industry2009/may/07/slide-show-and1-economy|title=L&T opens first rail construction training centre near Chennai|last=T.Econstituency-tour-to-kancheepuram-in-tamil-nadu.|first=Raja Simhan |date=24 May 2012htm|work=The Business Linerediff|accessdate=158 June 2012|locationdate=Chennai7 May 2009|ref={{sfnRef|''The Businesslinerediff''|247 May 20122009}}}}
* {{cite news
* {{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-29/chennai/28312502_1_gi-tag-gi-registry-gi-protection|title=GI tag: TN trails Karnataka with 18 products|date=29 August 2010|work=The Times of India |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|''The Times of India''|29 August 2010}} }}
* {{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-12-27/news/30561514_1_silk-sarees-kanchipuram-weavers|title=Government eases norms for gold-silver mix in Kanchipuram sarees|last=Sangeetha Kandavel, Sanjay Vijyakumar |date=27 December 2011|work=The Economic Times|accessdate=14 May 2012|location=Chennai|ref={{sfnRef|''The Economic Times''|27 December 2011}}}}
* {{cite news|title= Kancheepuram weavers disillusioned
|url=http://election.rediff.com/slide-show/2009/may/07/slide-show-1-constituency-tour-to-kancheepuram-in-tamil-nadu.htm|work=rediff|accessdate = 8 June 2012|date=7 May 2009|ref={{sfnRef|''rediff''|7 May 2009}}}}
* {{cite news
|last=Viswanathan
|first=S
Baris 108 ⟶ 114:
|deadurl=yes
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302175523/http://www.flonnet.com/fl2108/stories/20040423007201600.htm
|archivedate= 2 March 2008
|df=
}}
* {{cite web|title=Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|format=XLS|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|accessdate=13 September 2015|ref={{sfnRef|Population by religion|2013}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Kanchipuram|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=680447|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=26 January 2014|ref={{sfnRef|Kanchipuram 2011 census}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|accessdate=26 January 2014|ref={{sfnRef|National Sex Ratio 2011}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Religious places in Kanchipuram|url=http://www.tamilnadutourism.org/places/citiestowns/Kanchipuram01.aspx?catid=010106P03|publisher=Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation|year=2011|accessdate = 26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Religious places in Kanchipuram|2011}}}}
* {{cite web|title= University of Madras – affiliated colleges|url=http://cdc.unom.ac.in/|publisher=University of Madras|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2012|ref={{sfnRef|University of Madras – affiliated colleges|2012}} }}
* {{cite web|title= AICTE list of approved institutes|url=http://www.aicte-india.org/downloads/mis/Engg_Tech.htm|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2012|publisher=AICTE|ref={{sfnRef|AICTE list of approved institutes|2012}} }}
* {{cite web|title= Arignar Anna Memorial Cancer Institute and Hospital|url=http://www.tnhealth.org/megh34.htm|publisher=Department of Health, Government of Tamil Nadu|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2012|ref={{sfnRef|TN Health Department – Arignar Anna Memorial Cancer Institute and Hospital|2012}} |archive-date=2012-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831052351/http://www.tnhealth.org/megh34.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title= Meeenakshi Medical College and Research Institute|url=http://www.mmchri.res.in/|publisher=Meenakshi Medical College|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2012|ref={{sfnRef|Meeenakshi Medical College and Research Institute|2012}}}}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{cite web|title= Deemed University List|url=http://www.ugc.ac.in/deemeduniversitylist.aspx?id=31&Unitype=4|publisher=University Grants Commission|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2012|ref={{sfnRef|Deemed University list|2012}} }}
* {{cite web|title= Train Running Information|url=http://www.trainenquiry.com/o/PassingThroughTrains_Display.aspx?sel_val=CJ++&queryDisplay=KANCHIPURAM%2c+CJ++&time=24&name=&code=|year=2012|publisher=Indian Railways|accessdate = 8 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Train Running Information|2012}} }}
* {{cite web|title=TNSTC Villupuram|url=http://tnstcvpm.com/contact-us/|publisher=Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation|accessdate=8 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|TNSTC Villupuram|2011}}|archive-date=2012-07-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703014513/http://tnstcvpm.com/contact-us/|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title= TNSTC Villupuram
* {{cite web|title=Educational institutes of Kanchipuram|url=http://tnstcvpmmunicipality.comtn.gov.in/contact-uskancheepuram/srv-edu.htm|publisher=TamilKanchipuram Nadu State Transport CorporationMunicipality|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|TNSTCEducational Villupuraminstitutes of Kanchipuram|2011}} |archive-date=2012-12-18|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218154807/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv-edu.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=MLAKanchipuram ofdistrict Kanchipurampolice|url=http://www.assembly.tntnpolice.gov.in/members/profilePDFS/037kpm.htmpdf|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu Police|year=2011|accessdate=26 June 2012|yearformat=2011 PDF|ref={{sfnRef|MLAKanchipuram ofdistrict Kanchipurampolice|2011}}}}
* {{cite web|title= Educational institutes of Kanchipuram
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram City Banks|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv-edusrv_bank.htm|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|EducationalKanchipuram institutesCity of KanchipuramBanks|2011}} |archive-date=2012-12-18|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218160520/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv_bank.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=KanchipuramBus routes, Train schedules, districtAir policeschedules|url=http://wwwmunicipality.tnpolicetn.gov.in/PDFSkancheepuram/kpmsrv-routes.pdfhtm|publisher=TamilKanchipuram Nadu Police|year=2011Municipality|accessdate = 268 June 2012|formatyear=PDF2011|ref={{sfnRef|KanchipuramBus districtroutes, policeTrain schedules, Air schedules|2011}} |archive-date=2012-12-18|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218152014/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv-routes.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=About City|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/abt-city.htm|accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|About City|2011}}|archive-date=2011-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227080706/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/Kancheepuram/abt-city.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title= Kanchipuram City Banks
* {{cite web|url=http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/tourism%20place.html|title=Tourist places in Kanchipuram|publisher=National Informatics centre|year=2012 |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Tourist places in Kanchipuram|2012}} |archive-date=2012-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423094259/http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/tourism%20place.html|dead-url=yes}}
|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv_bank.htm|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality|accessdate = 8 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|Kanchipuram City Banks|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|url=http://kanchi.nic.in/history.htm|year=2011|title= Historical Importance of Kanchipuram|publisher=National Informatics centre |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Historical Importance of Kanchipuram|2011}} |archive-date=2006-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060518021820/http://kanchi.nic.in/history.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title= Bus routes, Train schedules, Air schedules
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram population|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv-routessal_population.htm|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipalitymunicipality|accessdate =14 8 JuneSeptember 2012|year=20112012|ref={{sfnRef|Bus routes, TrainKanchipuram schedules, Air schedulespopulation|20112012}} |archive-date=2012-12-18|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218193047/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_population.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=AboutRegion City|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011Details|url=http://municipalitywww.tntangedco.gov.in/kancheepuram/abt-cityregion.htmhtml#madu|publisher=Tamil Nadu Electricity Board|accessdate=26 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|AboutTNEB Cityregion details|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=Solid waste management|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality |location=India|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_solidwastemanagement.htm|year=2011|accessdate=13 September 2012|ref={{sfnref|Waste management programme|2011}} |archive-date=2009-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091229105010/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/Kancheepuram/sal_solidwastemanagement.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/tourism%20place.html|title=Tourist places in Kanchipuram|publisher=National Informatics centre|year=2012 |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Tourist places in Kanchipuram|2012}} }}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram water supply|location=India|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_watersupply.htm|year=2011|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality|accessdate=13 September 2012|ref={{sfnref|Kanchipuram water supply|2011}}|archive-date=2014-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140306164504/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_watersupply.htm|dead-url=yes}}
*{{cite web|url=http://kanchi.nic.in/history.htm|year=2011|title= Historical Importance of Kanchipuram|publisher=National Informatics centre |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Historical Importance of Kanchipuram|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram populationsewage and sanitation|location=India|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_populationsal_sewerage.htm|publisher=Kanchipuram municipalityMunicipality|year=2011|accessdate=1413 September 2012|year=2012|ref={{sfnRefsfnref|Kanchipuram populationsewage and sanitation|20122011}} |archive-date=2009-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091229105005/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/Kancheepuram/sal_sewerage.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=RegionState Detailsof Rural wireline broadband|publisher=BSNL, Tamil Nadu Circle|location=Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.tangedcoccatn.gov.in/regionusofiles/usoschemes/bbtn.html#maduhtm|publisheryear=Tamil Nadu Electricity Board2011|accessdate=26 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|TNEB region detailsBSNL|2011}} |archive-date=2013-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718161317/http://ccatn.gov.in/usofiles/usoschemes/bbtn.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.dickpm.in/profile.htm|publisher=Department of Industries and Commerce district industries centre, Kanchipuram District|title=Kanchipuram Industrial profile|year=2012|accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Kanchipuram Industrial profile|2012}}|archive-date=2012-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331120624/http://www.dickpm.in/profile.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=Solid waste management|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality |location=India|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_solidwastemanagement.htm|year=2011|accessdate=13 September 2012|ref={{sfnref|Waste management programme|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram waterMunicipality supply|location=India– Chairman|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_watersupplywho_chairperson.htm|year=2011|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|accessdate=1326 SeptemberJune 2012|ref={{sfnrefsfnRef|Kanchipuram waterMunicipality supply– Chairman|2011}} |archive-date=2011-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111191348/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/who_chairperson.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram sewageMunicipality and sanitationCommissioner|locationyear=India2011|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/sal_seweragewho-comm.htm|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality|year=2011, Government of Tamil Nadu|accessdate=1326 SeptemberJune 2012|ref={{sfnrefsfnRef|Kanchipuram sewageMunicipality and sanitationCommissioner|2011}} |archive-date=2010-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218164314/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/Kancheepuram/who-comm.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web |title=StateVice Chairman of RuralKanchipuram wirelinemunicipality broadband|publisher=BSNL, Tamil Nadu Circle |location=Tamil Nadu|url=http://ccatnmunicipality.tn.gov.in/usofiles/usoschemeskancheepuram/bbtnwho_Deputy_chairperson.htm |year=2011 |publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu |accessdate=26 June 2012 |ref={{sfnRef|BSNLVice-Chairman of Kanchipuram municipality|2011}} |archive-date=2009-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202065337/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/who_Deputy_chairperson.htm |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web|title=MLA of Kanchipuram|url=http://www.dickpmassembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/037.htm|publisher=DepartmentGovernment of Industries and Commerce district industries centre, Kanchipuram District |title=Kanchipuram Industrial profile|year=2012Tamil Nadu|accessdate=26 June 2012|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|KanchipuramMLA Industrialof profileKanchipuram|20122011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=KanchipuramMembers Municipalityof parliamentary Chairmanconstituencies in Tamil Nadu|url=http://municipalitywww.tn.gov.in/kancheepuramgovernment/who_chairperson.htmloksaba|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011 |accessdate=26 June 2012May 2014|year=2014|ref={{sfnRef|KanchipuramMP Municipalityof – ChairmanKanchipuram|20112014}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram Municipality – Commissioner|year=2011|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/who-comm.htm|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Kanchipuram Municipality – Commissioner|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=Vice Chairman of Kanchipuram municipality |url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/who_Deputy_chairperson.htm|year=2011|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Vice-Chairman of Kanchipuram municipality|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=MLA of Kanchipuram|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/037.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu |accessdate=26 June 2012|year=2011 |ref={{sfnRef|MLA of Kanchipuram|2011}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Members of parliamentary constituencies in Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/government/loksaba|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu |accessdate=26 May 2014|year=2014|ref={{sfnRef|MP of Kanchipuram|2014}} }}
* {{cite web|title=List of municipalities in Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/list_of_municipalities.htm|publisher=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration, Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|ref={{sfnRef|List of municipalities in Tamil Nadu|2011}}}}
* {{cite web|title=About municipality|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/abus_municip.htm|publisher=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration, Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011 |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|About municipality|2011}} |archive-date=2012-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221030512/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/abus_municip.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web |title=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration |year=2011 |url=http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm |publisher=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration |accessdate=26 June 2012 |ref={{sfnRef|Commissionerate of Municipal Administration|2011}} |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106103849/http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm |archivedate= 6 November 2012 |df= }}
* {{cite web |title=Election Report – Full Statistical Report |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/ElectionStatistics.aspx |publisher=Election Commission of India |year=2011 |accessdate=26 June 2012 |ref={{sfnRef|Election Report – Full Statistical Report|2011}} }}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram : Census 2011|publisher=Population Census India (web), Ministry of Home Affairs|year=2001|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/View_Village_Population.aspx?pcaid=7641&category=U.A. |accessdate=26 June 2012 |ref={{sfnRef|Kanchipuram : Census 2011}}}}
* {{cite web|title=Kanchipuram Master Plan|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2001|url=http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/kpm_localplan.pdf|format=PDF |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Kanchipuram Master Plan|2001}} |archive-date=2012-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412200214/http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/kpm_localplan.pdf|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web|title=Industries in Kanchipuram|url=http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv_industry.htm|year=2011|publisher=Kanchipuram Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu |accessdate=26 June 2012|ref={{sfnRef|Industries in Kanchipuram|2011}} |archive-date=2012-12-19|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121219003842/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/srv_industry.htm|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web |url = http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/varadaraja.htm |title = Gateway to Kanchipuram district – Varadaraja Temple |year=2011 |publisher=Kanchipuram District administration |accessdate=26 June 2012 |ref={{sfnRef|Gateway to Kanchipuram district – Varadaraja Temple|2011}} |archive-date=2013-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730053553/http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/varadaraja.htm |dead-url=yes }}
* {{Cite book |last=Aiyangar |first=Sakkottai Krishnaswami |title=Ancient India: Collected Essays on the Literary and Political History of |year=2004 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-206-1850-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=htArUg0OMpcC&pg=PA128&dq=kanchipuram+%2B+aiyangar&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BIihUNSZMoTE0AGTx4GACA&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=false |ref=harv }}
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}}
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|year | year = 2009
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}}
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}}
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|year | year= 1908
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* {{cite book | title=History of the Tamils from the Earliest Times to the Present Day| last= Iyengar| first= P. T. Srinivasa | authorlink= P. T. Srinivasa Iyengar| year=1929| publisher= University of Madras| location=Madras| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ERq-OCn2cloC&printsec=frontcover&dq=p+t+srinivasa+iyengar&source=bl&ots=Fr2ktuPmEU&sig=tvMzpnL8RsuHmtP9SE7yP4Q8Xvc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KimCUNqpIYvRrQfOnIHIDw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=p%20t%20srinivasa%20iyengar&f=false| ref=harv}}
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* {{cite book|title=Anna: The Life and Times of C.N. Annadurai|year=2010|publisher=Penguin Books India|first=R.|last=Kannan|isbn=0-670-08328-3|ref=harv}}
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* {{Cite book|last=Let's Go|title=Let's Go India & Nepal 8th Edition|year=2004|publisher=Let's Go Publications|location=NY|isbn=0-312-32006-X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=myK8ZYEIu4YCoM2ZqMfg7hYC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36PA584&dq=conjeevaramekambaranathar+history&source=bl&ots=WmeTpPlbHq&sig=RL3_ayRKsBZnUvcOSODAny-X588temple&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CI9rUPP5NIec8gTOgoH4BgHM0gT_vjA8PDgQfP0qztCA&ved=0CE8Q6AEwBQ0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=ekambaranathar%20temple&f=false|ref=harv}}
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* {{Cite book |last=PochhammerRao|first=WilhelmP.V.L. vonNarasimha|title=India'sKanchipuram Road toLand Nationhood:of ALegends, PoliticalSaints History of the Subcontinent& Temples|year=20052008|publisher=AlliedReadworthy PublishersPublications (P) Ltd.|location=MumbaiNew Delhi|isbn=81978-93-77645018-715104-61|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mHLB4m75pisCHJFldI75dRcC&pg=PA99&lpg=PA99PA161&dq=Kalabhras+kanchi&source=bl&ots=E8_2iEKMyR&sig=zvKnHOvtrpDLENoctamZ4GkfZJgkanchipuram&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UuFsUL-ALZG08ASx1YGYCgym8jT_rWLMLAtgfKloWiCw&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Kalabhras%20kanchikanchipuram&f=false|ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book |last=RaoR.G.|first=P.V.L. Narasimha Grant|title=Kanchipuram1001 Battles LandThat ofChanged Legends,the SaintsCourse &of World TemplesHistory|year=20082011|publisher=ReadworthyRandom PublicationsHouse (P)Digital, LtdInc.|location=NewUnited DelhiStates|isbn=978-93-5018-104-19780789322333|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HJFldI75dRcCs4njwZGrZg4C&pg=PA161PA465&dq=1780+Battle+of+Pollilur+kanchipuram&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ym8jT_rWLMLAtgfKloWiCw4PI3UZ_8E8WGyQHkrIDIBw&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg0CDUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=kanchipuram1780%20Battle%20of%20Pollilur%20kanchipuram&f=false|ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book |last=R.G.Ramaswamy |first=GrantVijaya |title=1001Historical Battlesdictionary That Changedof the Course of World HistoryTamils |year=20112007|publisher=RandomScarecrow House DigitalPress, IncINC.|location=United States|isbn=9780789322333|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4njwZGrZg4C&pg=PA465&dq=1780+Battle+of+Pollilur+kanchipuram&hl=en&sa=X&ei=4PI3UZ_8E8WGyQHkrIDIBw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=1780%20Battle%20of%20Pollilur%20kanchipuram&f=false978-0-470-82958-5|ref=harv}}
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* {{cite book | first= K. A. Nilakanta | last= Sastri | year=2008 | title= A History of South India| edition= 4th| publisher= Oxford University Press | location= New Delhi, India|ref=harv}}
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* {{cite book | first= Prakashanand | last= Saraswati| year=2001 2001| title= The True History and the Religion of India: A Concise Encyclopedia of| edition= 1st| publisher= Motilal Banarsidass | location= New Delhi, India| isbn= 81-208-1789-3 | ref= harv| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IhLN2I9yTTkC&pg=PA492&dq=kanchi+matha+5th+century&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bSOPUJWXK4SQ9QT54oDYBg&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=kanchi%20matha%205th%20century&f=false}}
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}}
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Baris 268 ⟶ 287:
| year = 1978
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WcnnB-Lx2MAC&pg=PA255&lpg=PA255&dq=conjeevaram+geography&source=bl&ots=lIuWG-OuiU&sig=06xAxI170ASxVYR_PHmSv73-_po&hl=en&sa=X&ei=gUJWUPjaNpKi8AThuoEg&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=conjeevaram%20geography&f=false
| isbn = 0-415-40868-7
| ref = harv}}
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Smith
Baris 275 ⟶ 296:
| publisher = Clarendon Press
| year = 1914
| edition = 3rd
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=b9a1AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA474&lpg=PA474&dq=kanchi+etymology&source=bl&ots=vDguSehbBg&sig=MEi4Wt-peeLDnwhQag6EotHUCCw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=o9lsUOLNPJHm9gSKmICYAw&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=kanchi%20etymology&f=false
| ref = harv}}
}}
*{{Cite book |last=Soundara Rajan |first=Kodayanallur Vanamamalai |title=Concise classified dictionary of Hinduism|year=2001|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|location=New Delhi |isbn=81-7022-857-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lAWS49f8HKoC&pg=PA27&dq=kuranganilmuttam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sBsnT-yQGI6Ttwfko_3PBA&ved=0CF4Q6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=kuranganilmuttam&f=false|ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book |last=Let'sSoundara GoRajan|first=Kodayanallur Vanamamalai|title=Let'sConcise Goclassified Indiadictionary &of Nepal 8th EditionHinduism|year=20042001|publisher=Let'sConcept GoPublishing PublicationsCompany|location=NYNew Delhi|isbn=081-3127022-32006857-X3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oM2ZqMfg7hYClAWS49f8HKoC&pg=PA584PA27&dq=ekambaranathar+templekuranganilmuttam&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HM0gT_vjA8PDgQfP0qztCAsBsnT-yQGI6Ttwfko_3PBA&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA0CF4Q6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=ekambaranathar%20templekuranganilmuttam&f=false|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|title=Kanchipuram through the ages|first=C. R.|last=Srinivasan|publisher=Agam Kala Prakashan|year=1979|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book
|last | last = Thapar
|first | first = Romila
|title | title = Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300
|isbn = 0-520-24225-4
|location = California
| publisher = University of California Press
|year | year = 2001
|url | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-5irrXX0apQC&pg=PA344&dq=kanchipuram+education&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0cnbT5HAMoSS9QSV6-XUCg&ved=0CGYQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q&f=false
| accessdate = 15 June 2012
|ref = harv
}}
* {{Cite book |last=Trainor|first=Kevin |title=Buddhism The Illustrated Guide |url=https://archive.org/details/buddhism00kevi|year=2001|publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=0-19-517398-8|ref=harv}}
* {{Cite book | last=Zvelebil | first=Kamil V. | title=The Sound of the One Hand | journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society | volume=107 | issue=1 | year=1987 | pages=125–126 | doi =10.2307/602960 | publisher=Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 107, No. 1 | jstor=602960 |authorlink=Kamil Zvelebil|ref=harv}}
{{refend|ref=harv}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/ Kancheepuram Municipality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107005041/http://municipality.tn.gov.in/kancheepuram/ |date=2012-01-07 }}
* [http://hridayindia.in/kanchipuram/ Kanchipuram HRIDAY city] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724005741/http://hridayindia.in/kanchipuram/ |date=2017-07-24 }}
* [http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/ Kancheepuram district administration website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908064506/http://www.kanchi.tn.nic.in/ |date=2017-09-08 }}
 
{{coord|12.82|N|79.71|E|display=title}}
 
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