Universitas Baylor: Perbedaan antara revisi

|established=1845

|type=[[:en:Private school|Swasta]]

|country=Amerika Serikat

|coor={{coord|31|32|55|N|97|07|00|W|type:edu_region:US-TX|display=inline,title}}

|nickname=[[:en:Baylor Bears and Lady Bears|Bears & Lady Bears]]

|mascot=Judge Joy & Judge Lady ''(beruang hidup)''<br />Bruiser ''(berkostum)''

In 1851, Baylor's second president [[Rufus Columbus Burleson]] decided to separate the students by sex, making the Baylor Female College an independent and separate institution. Baylor University became an all-male institution. During this time, Baylor thrived as the only university west of the Mississippi offering instruction in law, mathematics, and medicine. At the time a Baylor education cost around $8–$15 per term for tuition. And many of the early leaders of the Republic of Texas, such as Sam Houston, would later send their children to Baylor to be educated. Some of those early students were [[Temple Lea Houston]], son of President [[Sam Houston]], a famous western gun-fighter and attorney; and [[Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross]] famous Confederate General and later President of [[Texas A&M University]].

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For the first half of the [[American Civil War]], the Baylor president was [[George Washington Baines]], maternal great-grandfather of the future [[President of the United States|U.S. President]], [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Lyndon Baines Johnson]]. He worked vigorously to sustain the university during the Civil War, when male students left their studies to enlist in the [[Confederate Army]]. Following the war, the city of Independence slowly declined, primarily caused by the rise of neighboring cities being serviced by the [[Santa Fe Railroad]]. Because Independence lacked a railroad line, university fathers began searching for a location to build a new campus.

In 1900, three [[physicians]] founded the University of Dallas Medical Department in [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]], although a university by that name did not exist. In 1903, Baylor University acquired the medical school, which became known as the [[Baylor College of Medicine]], while remaining in Dallas. In 1943, Dallas civic leaders offered to build larger facilities for the university in a new medical center if the College of Medicine would surrender its denominational alliances with the Baptist state convention. The Baylor administration refused the offer and, with funding from the [[The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center|M. D. Anderson Foundation]] and others, moved the College of Medicine to [[Houston, Texas|Houston]]. In 1969, the Baylor College of Medicine became technically independent from Baylor University. The two institutions still maintain strong links and Baylor still elects around 25 percent of the medical school's regents. They also share academic links and combine in research efforts.

 

During [[World War II]], Baylor was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the [[V-12 Navy College Training Program]] which offered students a path to a Navy commission.<ref name="list-of-v-12">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Admin-Hist/115-8thND/115-8ND-23.html |title=U.S. Naval Administration in World War II |publisher=HyperWar Foundation |last= |first= |accessdate=September 29, 2011 |year=2011}}</ref>

 

In 2015 the Baylor Board of Regents hired law firm [[Pepper Hamilton]] to perform an external review of Baylor's handling of sexual assaults.<ref name="Protest Response">{{cite web |last1=Roach |first1=David |title=Baylor's sexual assault response draws protest |url=http://www.bpnews.net/46301/baylors-sexual-assault-response-draws-protest |website=Baptist Press|publisher=Baptist Press |accessdate=10 June 2016}}</ref> The report, summarized by the Board of Regents in a public "Findings of Facts" document, stated that Baylor failed to timely and effectively implement [[Title IX]], that Baylor administrators actively discouraged reporting of sexual assaults, and that the athletic department failed to address sexual assaults.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baylor.edu/rtsv/doc.php/266596.pdf |title=BAYLOR University Board of Regents Findings of Fact |author=Baylor University Board of Regents |date=2016 |accessdate=June 17, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Baylor University Board of Regents Announces Leadership Changes and Extensive Corrective Actions Following Findings of External Investigation |url=http://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=170207 |website=Baylor University |publisher=Baylor University |accessdate=June 10, 2016}}</ref> In response to the report, the Board of Regents fired [[Ken Starr]] as president of the university but retained him as Chancellor and as a law school professor;<ref>{{cite web |last1=Belkin |first1=Douglas|last2=Futterman |first2=Matthew |title=Baylor Plans to Fire Art Briles, Demotes Ken Starr Over Scandal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/baylor-plans-to-fire-art-briles-demotes-ken-starr-over-scandal-1464284169 |website=The Wall Street Journal |publisher=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=June 10, 2016}}</ref> he resigned as Chancellor shortly thereafter and resigned as law professor in August 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last=Greenhouse |first=Linda |title=Reversal of Fortune for Bill Clinton and Kenneth Starr |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/01/opinion/the-president-the-prosecutor-and-the-wheel-of-fortune.html?action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=opinion-c-col-right-region&region=opinion-c-col-right-region&WT.nav=opinion-c-col-right-region |publisher=''The New York Times'' |date=September 1, 2016}}</ref> The school also fired head football coach [[Art Briles]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Caplan |first1=Jeff |last2=Johanningmeier |first2=Tom |title=Baylor fires football coach Art Briles |url=http://www.star-telegram.com/sports/college/big-12/baylor-bears/article80032437.html |website=Star Telegram |publisher=[[Star Telegram]]| accessdate=June 10, 2016}}</ref>

[[File:Oldbaylor.jpg|thumb|center|800px|Burleson Quadrangle pada awal tahun 1900.]]

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*1846–1851 – [[Henry Lee Graves]]

*1851–1861 – [[Rufus Columbus Burleson]]

*1902–1931 – [[Samuel Palmer Brooks]]

*1932–1947 – [[Pat Morris Neff]]

*1948–1961 – [[William R. White]]

*1961–1981 – [[Abner Vernon McCall]]

*1981–1995 – [[Herbert H. Reynolds]]

*1995–2005 – [[Robert B. Sloan]] Jr.

*2006–2008 – [[John M. Lilley]]

*2010–2016 – [[Ken Starr]]

*June 1, 2017–future – [[Linda Livingstone]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=180522&_buref=1170-91826#&_buref=1172-91940|title=Baylor University Announces Dr. Linda A. Livingstone as President|date=18 April 2017|publisher=}}</ref>

== Akademika ==

 

=== Peringkat ===

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''[[The Princeton Review]]'' named Baylor a "Best Western College" and ranks the university's marketing programs as No. 2 in the nation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Baylor University - The Princeton Review|url=http://www.princetonreview.com/BaylorUniversity.aspx}}</ref>

 

*School of Music

 

 

===Clubs and organizations===

Baylor University offers 260 clubs and organizations, 42 of which are national and local sororities and fraternities in which students can participate. Each club and organization falls into an array of categories to fit the needs and interests of all students: academic, Greek life, multicultural, religious, representative, service, special interest and spirit/sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baylor.edu/studentactivities/organizations/ |title=Baylor University &#124;&#124; Student Organizations |publisher=Baylor.edu |date=2013-11-25 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref>

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A number of students participate in Greek life at Baylor. Approximately 14 percent of undergraduate men are members of fraternities, and 21 percent of undergraduate women (highest female Greek rate in Texas) are members of a sorority.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baylor.edu/studentactivities/greeklife/ |title=Baylor University &#124;&#124; Greek Life |publisher=Baylor.edu |date=2013-10-24 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref> There are four councils at Baylor. Most of the university's fraternities began as local fraternities, before affiliating with their national organizations in the late 1970s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baylor.edu/studentactivities/greeklife/index.php?id=74959 |title=Baylor University &#124;&#124; Greek Life &#124;&#124; Meet the Greeks |publisher=Baylor.edu |date=2012-05-15 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref> Unlike most universities, Baylor does not allow its Greek organizations to have officially sanctioned houses on campus.

Fraternities and sororities are active throughout the year with various service events, mixers, football tailgates, formals, out of town weekends and All-University Sing. Fraternities and sororities often collaborate in the fall to build parade floats for Baylor's Homecoming celebrations, one of the oldest in the nation. Baylor University possesses 12 [[Interfraternity Council]] (IFC) fraternities, eight [[National Panhellenic Conference]] sororities and seven [[National Pan-Hellenic Council]] (NPHC) organizations:

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| Kappa Omega Tau

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Setiap semester, mahasiswa berpartisipasi dalam berbagai cabang olahraga dalam banyak liga, pertandingan dan divisi. Para mahasiswa membentuk tim di dalam organisasi kampus, sororitas/fraternitas, residence halls dan grup pertemanan.

On March 4, 2010, "An anonymous longtime Baylor donor . . . set up an estate provision that will benefit the school to the tune of an estimated $200 million dollars. The gift will bolster Baylor's research on the issues of aging in multiple disciplines at the school."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kwbu.org/news.php?action=story&story=70168 | title=Baylor Receives Largest Gift in School's History | publisher=KWBU 103 NPR | date= 2010-03-04 | accessdate=2010-09-06| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100924213756/http://kwbu.org/news.php?action=story&story=70168| archivedate= 24 September 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Citing the most recent data reported by the Chronicle of Higher Education, Baylor officials say the $200 million donation is the second-largest gift to a Texas college or university and ranks among the top 20 private gifts to higher education institutions in the country.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.kwtx.com/home/headlines/86332227.html | title=Baylor Receives Anonymous $200 Million Donation | publisher=KWTX 10 News | date=2010-03-04 | accessdate=2010-09-06 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308003732/http://www.kwtx.com/home/headlines/86332227.html | archivedate=2010-03-08 | df= }}</ref>

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<!--{{main article|Baylor Bears}}-->

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From 1936 to 1949, the Baylor Bears home football games were played at [[Waco/Municipal Stadium]]. In 1950, the team moved to the newly constructed [[Floyd Casey Stadium]] (originally named Baylor Stadium), located four miles from campus with a [[seating capacity]] of up to 50,000 spectators.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=111291 |title=McLane Family Makes Leadership Gift for New Baylor Football Stadium |website=Baylor University &#124;&#124; Media Communications &#124;&#124; News |publisher=Baylor.edu |date=2012-03-13 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref> The stadium has been renovated several times, most notably in 1998 and 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.baylor.edu/mediacommunications/news.php?action=story&story=3271 |title=The Grant Teaff Athletic Complex |website=Baylor University &#124;&#124; Media Communications &#124;&#124; News |publisher=Baylor.edu |date=1998-02-27 |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref>

 

Baylor's mascot is the [[American black bear]]. The university has two live bears on campus named Joy and Lady, each bearing the title of Judge in honor of the first live mascot. The school's costumed mascot is named Bruiser.

 

 

The university's costumed mascot, Bruiser, was introduced at the beginning of the 1981–1982 basketball season.<ref name="baylorbears.com">{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.baylorbears.com/ot/spirit-squad-mascots.html |title=Baylor Bears Official Athletic Site - BaylorBears.com - Athletics |publisher=BaylorBears.com |date= |accessdate=2013-12-08}}</ref> The mascot appears at football and basketball events, along with university pep rallies and community events. Bruiser also travels with the basketball team to games for the Big 12 Basketball Tournament, NIT and NCAA Tournaments.<ref name="baylorbears.com"/>

===Baylor Line===

{{main article|Baylor Line}}

 

===Immortal Ten===

 

===University Mace===

 

Baylor's alma mater is "That Good Ol' Baylor Line." In 1906, a student penned humorous words to the tune of "[[In the Good Old Summer Time]]" and they became generally accepted among the student body as the school [[fight song]]. However, in 1931, Enid Eastland Markham, wife of music professor Robert Markham, felt the words were neither dignified enough nor representative of the total university, so she decided to write new lyrics, which were soon sanctioned as the official school song. The "Good Ol' Summer Time" tune was later arranged to fit Mrs. Markham's "Baylor Line" through the work of Jack Goode, Donald I. Moore and Charles F. Brown.

== Alumnus, dosen dan staff terkemuka ==

<!--{{main article|List of Baylor University people}}-->

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With more than 120,000 living alumni, Baylor is represented by notable individuals in an array of public and professional spheres.

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<gallery class="center" caption="Tokoh-tokoh terkemuka">

Image:Crowder.jpg|[[David Crowder]]<br /><span style="font-size:90%">artis rekaman Kristen pemenang [[GMA Dove Award]]</span>

Image:Rg3 redskins.jpg|[[Robert Griffin III]]<br /><span style="font-size:90%">Quarterback pada [[Cleveland Browns]] dan pemenang [[Heisman Trophy]] 2011</span>

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<gallery class="center" caption="Campus">

<!--Image:PatNeffflowers.JPG|Pat Neff in the Spring, dinamai menurut mantan [[governor of Texas]], anggota [[Texas Railroad Commission]] member, dan presiden Baylor-->

 

== Referensi ==

 

== Pranala luar ==

* {{Resmi}}

* [http://www.baylorbears.com Baylor Atletik website]