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[[Berkas:AmziDixon.jpg|jmpl|ka|200px|Amzi Dixon.]]
'''''The Fundamentals''''' atau '''''The Fundamentals: A Testimony To The Truth''''' adalah satu naskah yang terdiri dari 90 risalah dalam 12 volume yang disunting oleh [[A. C. Dixon]] dan kemudian oleh [[Reuben Archer Torrey]] dan diterbitkan dari tahun 1910 sampai 1915 oleh Bible Institute of Los Angeles ([[Biola University]]). Didesain untuk menguatakan kepercayaan ortodoks [[Kristen]] [[Protestan]], khususnya mereka yang dari tradisi [[Gereja Reformed]], dan membela diri terhadap ide-ide yang bertentangan terhadap kepercayaan mereka. Naskah ini umumnya dianggap sebagai landasan [[Fundamentalisme di dalam Kekristenan|Fundamentalisme Kristen]] modern. Pembuatannya mula-mula dibiayai oleh [[Lyman Stewart]]<ref name=marsden>{{Cite book|first=George M.|last=Marsden|authorlink=George Marsden|title=Fundamentalism and American Culture|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Oxford]]|year=2006|page=[http://books.google.com/books?id=9swPktfLJigC&pg=PA118 118]|isbn=0-19-530047-5|oclc=61445933}}</ref> pada tahun 1909<ref name="malone">{{Cite web |first=David |last=Malone |url=http://recollections.liblog.wheaton.edu/2009/05/29/fundamentals/ |title=Fundamentals |accessdate=2009-07-18 |date=May 29, 2009 |work= |publisher=Wheaton College Archives & Special Collections |archive-date=2009-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090722094728/http://recollections.liblog.wheaton.edu/2009/05/29/fundamentals/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> untuk menetapkan apa yang mereka yakini sebagai prinsip dasar atau fundamental iman Kristen.<ref name="malone"/> Naskah ini dikirim secara cuma-cuma ke para [[pendeta]], [[misionaris]], penilik Sekolah Minggu dan aktivis-aktivis lain dalam pelayanan Kristen.<ref name=marsden/>
== Sejarah ==
Lyman Stewart adalah [[presiden]] [[Union Oil Company]] yang memperhatikan perkembangan [[modernisme]] di [[gereja]]-gereja [[Amerika Serikat]]. Ia berpikir bahwa sebuah dapat memberikan informasi yang banyak. Namun, Stewart menyadari, dirinya bukanlah seorang yang terpelajar. Ketika ia duduk di gereja, ia mendengar berita dari [[A.C. Dixon]], [[pendeta]] Moody Church [[Chicago]]. Seusai kebaktian, ia memberitahukan idenya pada Dixon untuk mengambil bagian dalam idenya tersebut.
Dixon kemudian membentuk suatu badan yang terdiri dari para pemuka Kristen dan membuka "Perusahaan Penerbitan Testimony".<ref name="Curtis">A. Kenneth Curtis, J. Stephen Lang & Randy Petersen, ''100 Peristiwa Penting dalam Sejarah Kristen, Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia'', 2009.</ref> Lyman mendapat bantuan dana dari saudaranya, Milton.<ref name="Curtis"/> Semuanya terkumpul sebanyak 300.000 dollar A.S. bagi proyek tersebut.<ref name="Curtis"/> Guru-guru [[Alkitab]] yang terkemuka diminta menulis artikel untuk buklet berseri 128 halaman tersebut.<ref name="Curtis"/> Berbagai artikel tersebut meliputi pokok-pokok doktrin dasar serta isu-isu penting saat itu, seperti [[Sosialisme]], [[evolusi]] dan [[uang]].<ref name="Curtis"/> Dixon mengedit lima volume yang pertama dan kemudian pindah ke [[London]].<ref name="Curtis"/> [[Louis Meyer]] selanjutnya mengedit lima volume berikutnya sebelum ia meninggal.<ref name="Curtis"/> [[R.A. Torrey]] mengedit dua volume terakhir.<ref name="Curtis"/> Akan tetapi, nama kakak-beradik Stewart tidaklah dicantumkan dalam kedua belas volume tersebut. Dalam penerbitannya nama mereka ditulis sebagai “Dua orang Awam Kristen”.<ref name="Curtis"/>
Telah tercetak kira-kira 3 juta eksemplar dalam kurun waktu enam tahun berikutnya, untuk dibagikan kepada setiap [[pendeta]], [[penginjil]], [[misionaris]], [[mahasiswa]] [[teologi]], pembina [[sekolah minggu]], [[sekretaris]] [[YMCA]] atau [[YWCA]].<ref name="Curtis"/> Buku ini pun dikirim ke luar negeri, sebagian besar ke [[Inggris]].<ref name="Curtis"/> Tahun [[1910]] hingga [[1915]], dua belas buku kecil yang berjudul "The Fundamentals" inilah yang dikirim secara cuma-cuma di Amerika Serikat.<ref name="Tony Lane">Tony Lane. Runtut Pijar: Sejarah Pemikiran Kristiani. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2009.</ref> Buku ini berusaha menguraikan berbagai kebenaran dasariah dari kepercayaan [[Kristen Protestan]], misalnya Keilahian [[Yesus]] [[Kristus]], [[Kematian Yesus|karya penebusan-Nya]], [[Kebangkitan Yesus|kebangkitan-Nya]], dan [[Kedatangan Kedua Yesus Kristus|kedatangan kembali-Nya]] serta [[pengilhaman]] dan [[wibawa]] [[Alkitab]].<ref name="Tony Lane"/>
== Isi ==
Berikut adalah daftar isi "''The Fundamentals''" (dan pengarangnya) dengan judul-judul dalam bahasa aslinya, yaitu [[bahasa Inggris]]
* Volume I:
** The Virgin Birth of Christ - [[:en:James Orr (theologian)|James Orr]]
** The Deity of Christ - [[B. B. Warfield|Benjamin B. Warfield]]
** The Purposes of the Incarnation - [[G. Campbell Morgan]]
** The Personality and Deity of the Holy Spirit - [[R. A. Torrey]]
** The Proof of the Living God - [[:enLArthur Tappan Pierson|Arthur T. Pierson]]
** History of the Higher Criticism - [[Dyson Hague]]
** A Personal Testimony - [[Howard A. Kelly]]
* Volume II:
** The Testimony of the Monuments to the Truth of the Scriptures - [[George Frederick Wright]]
** The Recent Testimony of Archaeology to the Scriptures - M. G. Kyle
** Fallacies of the Higher Criticism - Franklin Johnson
** Christ and Criticism - Robert Anderson
** Modern Philosophy - [[Philip Mauro]]
** Justification by Faith - H. C. G. Moule
** Tributes to Christ and the Bible by Brainy Men not Known as Active Christians
* Volume III:
** Inspiration of the Bible—Definition, Extent, and Proof - [[James M. Gray]]
** The Moral Glory of Jesus Christ a Proof of Inspiration - William G. Moorehead
** God in Christ the Only Revelation of the Fatherhood of God - [[:enLRobert Elliott Speer|Robert E. Speer]]
** The Testimony of Christian Experience - [[:enLEdgar Young Mullins|E. Y. Mullins]]
** Christianity No Fable - Thomas Whitelaw
** My Personal Experience with the Higher Criticism - J. J. Reeve
** The Personal Testimony of [[:en:Charles Studd|Charles T. Studd]]
* Volume IV:
** The Tabernacle in the Wilderness: Did it Exist? - David Heagle
** The Testimony of Christ to the Old Testament - [http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebecHistory/encyclopedia/WilliamCaven-QuebecHistory.htm William Caven]
** The Bible and Modern Criticism - [http://openlibrary.org/a/OL2400388A/F._Bettex F. Bettex]
** Science and Christian Faith - [[:en:James Orr (theologian)|James Orr]]
** A Personal Testimony - [[Philip Mauro]]
* Volume V:
** Life in the Word - Philip Mauro
** The Scriptures - [[A. C. Dixon]]
** The Certainty and Importance of the Bodily Resurrection of Jesus Christ from the Dead - R. A. Torrey
** Observations of the Conversion and Apostleship of St. Paul - Lord Lyttleton (dianalisis dan dimampatkan oleh J. L. Campbell)
** A Personal Testimony - H. W. Webb-Peploe
* Volume VI:
** The Testimony of Foreign Missions to the Superintending Providence of God - Arthur T. Pierson.
** Is There a God? - Thomas Whitelaw
** Sin and Judgment to Come - Robert Anderson
** The Atonement - Franklin Johnson
** The God-Man - John Stock
** The Early Narratives of Genesis - James Orr
** The Person and Work of Jesus Christ - [[:en:John Louis Nuelsen|John L. Nuelsen]]
** The Hope of the Church - John McNicol
* Volume VII:
** The Passing of Evolution - George Frederick Wright
** Inspiration - L. W. Munhall
** The Testimony of the Scriptures to Themselves - George S. Bishop
** Testimony of the Organic Unity of the Bible to its Inspiration - Arthur T. Pierson
** One Isaiah - [[George Livingston Robinson|George L. Robinson]]
** The Book of Daniel - Joseph D. Wilson
** Three Peculiarities of the Pentateuch - Andrew Craig Robinson
** Millennial Dawn: A Counterfeit of Christianity - William G. Moorehead
* Volume VIII:
** Old Testament Criticism and New Testament Christianity - [[William Henry Griffith Thomas|W. H. Griffith Thomas]]
** Evolutionism in the Pulpit - Anonymous
** Decadence of Darwinism - Henry H. Beach
** Paul's Testimony to the Doctrine of Sin - Charles B. Williams
** The Science of Conversion - H. M. Sydenstricker
** The Doctrinal Value of the First Chapters of Genesis - Dyson Hague
** The Knowledge of God - James Burrell
** "Preach the Word" - [[Howard Crosby (minister)|Howard Crosby]]
** Mormonism: Its Origin, Characteristics, and Doctrines - R. G. McNiece
* Volume IX:
** The True Church - [[J. C. Ryle|Bishop Ryle]]
** The Mosaic Authorship of the Pentateuch - George Frederick Wright
** The Wisdom of this World - A. W. Pitzer
** Holy Scripture and Modern Negations - James Orr
** Salvation by Grace - [[Thomas Spurgeon]]
** Divine Efficacy of Prayer - Arthur T. Pierson
** What Christ Teaches Concerning Future Retribution - William C. Procter
** A Message from Missions - Charles A. Bowen
** Eddyism: Commonly Called Christian Science - Maurice E. Wilson
* Volume X:
** Why Save the Lord's Day? - Daniel Hoffman Martin
** The Internal Evidence of the Fourth Gospel - Canon G. Osborne Troop
** The Nature of Regeneration - Thomas Boston
** Regeneration—Conversion—Reformation - George W. Lasher
** Our Lord's Teachings About Money - Arthur T. Pierson
** Satan and His Kingdom - Mrs. Jessie Penn-Lewis
** The Holy Spirit and the Sons of God - W. J. Erdman
** Consecration - Henry W. Frost
** The Apologetic Value of Paul's Epistles - E.J. Stobo
** What the Bible Contains for the Believer - George F. Pentecost
** Modern Spiritualism Briefly Tested by Scripture - [[Algernon J. Pollock]]
* Volume XI:
** The Biblical Conception of Sin - Thomas Whitelaw
** At-One-Ment by Propitiation - Dyson Hague
** The Grace of God - C. I. Scofield
** Fulfilled Prophecy A Potent Argument for the Bible - [[Arno C. Gaebelein]]
** The Coming of Christ - [[Charles R. Erdman]] - Argues that Christ's second coming will be (1) personal and literal, (2) with great "glory" (change, disruption) to the world, (3) imminent (possibly occurring at any time). Erdman commends humility between diverse positions, talking in turn about pre-millennial, post-millennial, and preterist positions.<ref>http://www.blueletterbible.org/commentaries/comm_view.cfm?AuthorID=16&contentID=4606&commInfo=20&topic=The%20Fundamentals</ref>
** Is Romanism Christianity? - T. W. Medhurst
** Rome, The Antagonist of the Nation - J. M. Foster
* Volume XII:
** Doctrines that Must be Emphasized in Successful Evangelism - L. W. Munhall
** Pastoral and Personal Evangelism, or Winning Men to Christ One-by-One - [[John Timothy Stone]]
** The Sunday School's True Evangelism - Charles Gallaudet Trumbull
** Foreign Missions or World-Wide Evangelism - Robert E. Speer
** What Missionary Motives Should Prevail? - Henry W. Frost
** The Place of Prayer in Evangelism - R. A. Torrey
** The Church and Socialism - Charles R. Erdman
** The Fifteen Books Most Indispensable for the Minister or the Christian Worker
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
== Salinan daring ==
* [http://www.xmission.com/~fidelis/volume1/volume1.php The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903072723/http://www.xmission.com/~fidelis/volume1/volume1.php |date=2011-09-03 }} from The Fundamentals Homepage
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20030101082327/http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Parthenon/6528/fundcont.htm The Fundamentals] from [[Internet Archive]]
* [http://www.ntslibrary.com/New_Online_Book_Additions.htm The Fundamentals] The NTS Library. Torrey's 4 volume set, downloadable PDF.
== Pustaka tambahan ==
* {{Cite book|first=Gabriel A.|last=Almond|authorlink=Gabriel Almond|coauthors=R. Scott Appleby and Emmanuel Sivan|title=Strong religion: the rise of fundamentalisms around the world|url=https://archive.org/details/strongreligionri00almorich|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]|location=[[Chicago]]|year=2003|pages=|isbn=0-226-01497-5|oclc=50562054}}{{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
* {{Cite book|last1= Forster|first1= Roger|last2= Marston|first2=Dr Paul|title=Reason Science and Faith|url= https://archive.org/details/reasonsciencefai0000mars|accessdate=2009-03-24|date=|year= 2001|origyear=|publisher=|location=Chester, England|isbn= 1-85424-441-8|pages=|chapter=7 - Genesis Through History }}
* {{Cite book|first=George M.|last=Marsden|authorlink=George Marsden|title=Understanding fundamentalism and evangelicalism|url=https://archive.org/details/understandingfun0000mars|publisher=[[William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company]]|location=[[Grand Rapids, Michigan]]|year=1991|pages=|isbn=0-8028-0539-6|oclc=22710248}}{{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
* {{Cite book|first=George M.|last=Marsden|authorlink=George Marsden|chapter=The Fundamentals|chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=9swPktfLJigC&pg=PA118|title=Fundamentalism and American Culture|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=[[Oxford]]|year=2006|pages=118–123|isbn=0-19-530047-5|oclc=61445933}}
* {{Cite book|first=Ronald A.|last=Numbers|authorlink=Ronald Numbers|title=The creationists|url=https://archive.org/details/creationists00numb_0|publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]]|location=[[New York City]]|year=1992|pages=|isbn=0-679-40104-0|oclc=24318343}}{{Page needed|date=September 2010}}
[[Kategori:Teologi Kristen]]
[[Kategori:Kristen]]
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