Penyerbuan Polandia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|image=[[Berkas:Schleswig Holstein firing Gdynia 13.09.1939.jpg|300px]]
|caption=Kapal Jerman [[Kapal perang Schleswig-Holstein|Schleswig-Holstein]], menembak [[Westerplatte]], [[1 September]] [[1939]].
|date=
|place=[[Republik Polandia Kedua|Polandia]] dan [[Kota Merdeka Danzig]]
|result=Kemenangan [[Blok Poros]] dan [[Soviet]]; Teritori Polandia terbagi antara Jerman dan Uni Soviet
|combatant1={{
|combatant2=
|commander1={{negara|Polandia}} [[Edward Rydz-Śmigły]]{{br}}{{negara|Polandia}} [[Wacław Stachiewicz]]{{br}}{{negara|Polandia}} [[Tadeusz Kutrzeba]]{{br}}{{negara|Polandia}} [[Juliusz Rómmel]]
|commander2=
|strength1='''Polandia''':{{br}}39 divisi,<ref name=pereslegin>Переслегин. Вторая мировая: война между реальностями.- М.:Яуза, Эксмо, 2006, с.22; Р. Э. Дюпюи, Т. Н. Дюпюи. Всемирная история войн. — С-П,М: АСТ, кн.4, с.93</ref>{{br}} 16 brigadir,<ref name=pereslegin/>{{br}}4.300 senapan,<ref name=pereslegin/>{{br}}880 tank,{{br}}
|strength2='''Jerman''':{{br}}56 divisi,{{br}}4 brigadir,{{br}}9.000 senapan,<ref name=polishgovernment/>{{br}}2.500 tank,<ref name=polishgovernment/>{{br}}2.315 pesawat tempur<ref>E.R Hooton, p85</ref> {{br}}'''Uni Soviet''':{{br}}33+ divisi,{{br}}11+ brigadir,{{br}}4.959 senapan,{{br}}4.736 tank,{{br}}3.300 pesawat tempur{{br}}'''Slowakia''':{{br}}3 divisi{{br}}'''Jumlah''':{{br}}1.500.000
|casualties1='''Polandia''':{{br}}66.000 tewas,{{br}}133.700 terluka,{{br}}694.000 ditangkap
|casualties2='''Jerman''':{{br}}16.343 tewas,{{br}}27.280 terluka,{{br}}320 hilang{{br}}'''Uni Soviet''':{{br}}
}}
'''Penyerbuan Polandia 1939''' (di [[Polandia]] juga disebut "'''Kampanye September'''", "''Kampania wrześniowa''," dan "'''Perang Defensif 1939'''," "''Wojna obronna 1939 roku''"; di [[Jerman]], "'''Kampanye Polandia'''," "''Polenfeldzug''," , dan kadang-kadang disebut "'''Perang Polandia-Jerman 1939'''"), adalah invasi yang dilancarkan oleh [[Jerman Nazi]], [[Uni Soviet]], dan kontingen [[Invasi Slowakia ke Polandia|Slowakia]] yang merupakan sebab khusus [[Perang Dunia II]].
Penyerbuan [[Polandia]] menandai dimulainya [[Palagan Eropa dalam Perang Dunia II|Perang Dunia II di Eropa]]. [[Blok Sekutu dalam Perang Dunia II|Sekutu]] Polandia: [[Britania Raya]], [[Australia]], dan [[Selandia Baru]],<ref name="NZHistory">{{cite web |author=History Group of the Ministry for Culture and Heritage, Wellington, New Zealand |title=Overview - New Zealand and the Second World War |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage, Wellington, New Zealand |year=2005 |work=New Zealand's History online |url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/node/2334 |accessdate=2007-01-15 |language=English}}</ref> menyatakan perang kepada [[Jerman Nazi|Jerman]] pada tanggal [[3 September]], yang segera diikuti oleh [[Prancis]], [[Afrika Selatan]], dan [[Kanada]]. Penyerbuan Polandia dimulai pada tanggal [[1 September]] [[1939]], satu minggu setelah penandatanganan [[Pakta Molotov-Ribbentrop]], dan penyerbuan ini berakhir pada tanggal [[6 Oktober]] [[1939]], setelah Jerman dan Uni Soviet menduduki seluruh Polandia. Walaupun Britania Raya dan Prancis menyatakan perang setelah Jerman menyerang Polandia, sangat sedikit aksi militer langsung yang dilakukan (lihat [[Perang Phoney]]).
Dengan terjadinya [[Insiden Gleiwitz]] pada tanggal [[31 Agustus]] [[1939]], pada [[1 September]], pasukan Jerman menyerang Polandia dari arah utara, selatan, dan barat. Pasukan Polandia terpencar untuk melindungi perbatasan panjang mereka, dan segera mundur ke timur. Setelah kekalahan Polandia pada pertengahan September dalam [[Pertempuran Bzura]], tentara Polandia mulai mundur ke tenggara untuk melindungi ''[[przedmoście rumuńskie]]'', tempat pasukan Polandia menunggu bantuan Sekutu.<ref name="Baliszewski-MH">Baliszewski, ''Most honoru''</ref>
Pada tanggal [[17 September]] [[1939]], [[tentara Merah]] Soviet menyerang [[Kresy|daerah timur Polandia]].<ref name="Fischer">Fischer 1999–2000</ref> Soviet mengambil daerah mereka sesuai dengan pembagian pada pakta Molotov-Ribbentrop.<ref name="Cienciala">{{cite web |authorlink=Anna M. Cienciala |first=Anna M. |last=Cienciala
Setelah kampanye militer September, [[Negara Rahasia Polandia|gerakan perlawanan]] dibentuk. Pasukan Polandia terus terlibat dalam operasi militer Sekutu.
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== Referensi ==
* {{cite book|last=Cooper|first=Matthew|title=The German Army 1939–1945: Its Political and Military Failure|url=https://archive.org/details/germanarmy1933190000coop_r0w6|publisher=Stein and Day|location=New York|year=1978|isbn=0-8128-2468-7}}
* {{cite journal |authorlink=Dariusz Baliszewski |last=Baliszewski |first=Dariusz |url=http://www.wprost.pl/ar/?O=68347 |title=Wojna sukcesów |journal=[[Wprost]] |issue=1141 |date=[[2004-10-10]] |language=Polish |accessdate=2005-03-24}}
* {{cite journal |authorlink=Dariusz Baliszewski |last=Baliszewski |first=Dariusz |url=http://www.wprost.pl/ar/?O=66711 |title=Most honoru |journal=[[Wprost]] |issue=1138 |date=[[2004-09-19]] |language=Polish |accessdate=2005-03-24}}
* {{cite book|authorlink=Marek Jan Chodakiewicz|last=Chodakiewicz|first=Marek Jan|title=Between Nazis and Soviets: Occupation Politics in Poland, 1939–1947|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2004|isbn=0-7391-0484-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Ellis|first=John|title=[[Brute Force (book)|Brute Force: Allied Strategy and Tactics in the Second World War]]|publisher=Viking Adult|edition=1st American ed.|year=1999|isbn=0-670-80773-7}}
* {{cite journal |authorlink=Benjamin B. Fischer |last=Fischer |first=Benjamin B. |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter99-00/art6.html |title=The Katyn Controversy: Stalin's Killing Field |journal=[[Studies in Intelligence]] |date=Winter 1999–2000 |accessdate=2005-12-10 |archive-date=2010-01-17 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5mq16st2z?url=https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter99-00/art6.html |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|authorlink=Jan T. Gross|last=Gross|first=Jan T.|title=Revolution from Abroad: The Soviet Conquest of Poland's Western Ukraine and Western Belorussia|location=Princeton|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2002|isbn=0-691-09603-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Hooton|first=E. R.|year=2007|title=Luftwaffe at War: Gathering Storm 1933–1939 Volume 1|location=London|publisher=Chervron/Ian Allen|isbn=978-1-903223-71-7}}
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* {{cite book|authorlink=Richard C. Lukas|last=Lukas|first=Richard C.|title=Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles Under German Occupation, 1939–1944|publisher=Hippocrene Books|year=2001|isbn=0-7818-0901-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Majer|first=Diemut|coauthors=et al.|title=Non-Germans under the Third Reich: The Nazi Judicial and Administrative System in Germany and Occupied Eastern Europe, with Special Regard to Occupied Poland, 1939–1945|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|year=2003|isbn=0-8018-6493-3}}
* {{cite book|authorlink=Anita J. Prazmowska|last=Prazmowska|first=Anita J.|title=Britain and Poland 1939–1943: The Betrayed Ally|url=https://archive.org/details/britainpoland1930000praz|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1995|isbn=0-521-48385-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Rossino|first=Alexander B.|title=Hitler Strikes Poland: Blitzkrieg, Ideology and Atrocity|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlerstrikespol0000ross|location=Lawrence|publisher=University Press of Kansas|year=2003|isbn=0-7006-1234-3}}
* {{cite book|authorlink=George Sanford (scholar)|last=Sanford|first=George|year=2005|title=Katyn and the Soviet Massacre Of 1940: Truth, Justice And Memory|location=London, New York|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0415338735}}
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* {{cite book|authorlink=Wacław Stachiewicz|first=Wacław|last=Stachiewicz|title=Wierności dochować żołnierskiej|publisher=OW RYTM|year=1998|isbn=83-86678-71-2|language=Polish}}
* {{cite book|last=Taylor|first=A. J. P.|coauthors=Mayer, S. L. (eds.)|title=A History Of World War Two|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofworldwa00tayl|location=London|publisher=Octopus Books|year=1974|isbn=0-70640-399-1}}
* {{cite book|last=Zaloga|first=Steve|coauthors=Gerrard, Howard|title=Poland 1939: The Birth of Blitzkrieg|url=https://archive.org/details/poland1939birtho0000zalo|location=Oxford|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=2002|isbn=1-84176-408-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Zaloga|first=Steve|title=The Polish Army 1939–1945|location=Oxford|publisher=Osprey Publishing|year=1982|isbn=0-85045-417-4}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=[[Internetowa encyklopedia PWN]] |url=http://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/33490_1.html |title=KAMPANIA WRZEŚNIOWA 1939 |accessdate=2005-12-10 |language=Polish}}
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/DAP-Poland/Campaign-III.html detailed outline of campaign, mainly from German documents]
* [http://www.warmuseum.ca/cwm/newspapers/operations/poland_e.html World War 2 Online Newspaper Archives - The Invasion of Poland, 1939] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215210220/http://www.warmuseum.ca/cwm/newspapers/operations/poland_e.html |date=2007-12-15 }}
* [http://www.worldwar2database.com/html/poland.htm The Campaign in Poland at WorldWar2 Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311033339/http://www.worldwar2database.com/html/poland.htm |date=2007-03-11 }}
* [http://www.achtungpanzer.com/polcamp.htm The Campaign in Poland at Achtung! Panzer]
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[[Kategori:Invasi]]
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1939]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Polandia]]
[[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Rusia]]
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