Kaisar Etiopia: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Kaisar Etiopia''' ({{lang-gez|ንጉሠ ነገሥት}}, nəgusä nägäst, "[[Raja diraja|Raja dari Segala Raja]]") adalah penguasa warisan [[Kekaisaran Etiopia]], sampai pembubaran [[monarki]] pada 1975. Kaisarnya adalah [[kepala negara]] dan [[kepala pemerintahan]], dengan [[Eksekutif|kekuasaan eksekutif]], yudisial dan [[kekuasaan legislatif|legislatif]] di negara tersebut. Sebuah artikel ''[[National Geographic Magazine]]'' menyebut kekaisaran Etiopia merupakan "sebuah [[monarki konstitusional]]; pada kenyataannya [kerajaan tersebut merupakan] sebuah [[autokrasi]] benevolent".<ref>Nathaniel T. Kenney, "Ethiopian Adventure", ''National Geographic'', '''127''' (1965), p. 555.</ref>

 

 

Permaisuri Kaisar disebut sebagai ''egetege''. Permaisuri [[Zewditu]] menggunakan bentuk feminin nəgəstä nägäst ("Ratu Raja") untuk menunjukkan bahwa ia memerintah dengan haknya sendiri, dan tidak menggunakan gelar ''ətege''.

{{Succession table monarch|name19='''[[Zara Yaqob]]'''|name26='''[[Menas of Ethiopia|Menas]]'''|name27='''[[Sarsa Dengel]]'''|alt26=Menas of Ethiopia|image26=Sin foto.svg|family26=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes26=Anak [[Dawit II]]|reignend26=1 Februari 1563|reignstart26=1559|life26=Meninggal 1 Februari 1563|native26=ሜናስ|nickname26=|alt25=Gelawdewos of Ethiopia|native27=ሠረጸ ድንግል|image25=Sin foto.svg|family25=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes25=Anak [[Dawit II]]|reignend25=23 Maret 1559|reignstart25=3 September 1540|life25=1521/1522 – 23 Maret 1559<br>(aged 38–37)|native25=ገላውዴዎስ|nickname25=|name25='''[[Gelawdewos]]'''|alt24=Dawit II of Ethiopia|image24=Cristofano dell’Altissimo, Portrait of Lebnä-Dengel. c. 1552-1568.jpg|nickname27=|life27=1550 – 4 Oktober 1597<br>(aged 47)|notes24=Anak [[Na'od]]|family28=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image29=Sin foto.svg|family29=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes29=Keponakan of [[Sarsa Dengel]]|reignend29=24 Oktober 1604|reignstart29=1603|life29=Meninggal 24 Oktober 1604|native29=ዘድንግል|nickname29=|name29='''[[Za Dengel]]'''|alt28=Yaqob of Ethiopia|image28=Sin foto.svg|notes28=Anak [[Sarsa Dengel]]|reignstart27=1563|reignend28=1603 <br> 10 Maret 1606|reignstart28=1597 <br> 1604|life28={{circa}} 1590 – 10 Maret 1606|native28=ያዕቆብ|nickname28=|name28='''[[Yaqob]]'''|alt27=Sarsa Dengel of Ethiopia|image27=Sin foto.svg|family27=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes27=Anak [[Menas of Ethiopia|Menas]]|reignend27=4 Oktober 1597|family24=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|reignend24=2 September 1540|nickname19=|reignstart20=26 Agustus 1468|reignend21=7 Mei 1494|reignstart21=1478|life21={{Birth date|1471|7|15|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1494|5|7|1471|7|15|df=y}}|native21=እስክንድር|nickname21=|name21='''[[Eskender]]'''|alt20=Baeda Maryam I of Ethiopia|image20=Sin foto.svg|family20=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes20=Anak [[Zara Yaqob]]|reignend20=8 November 1478|life20=1448 – 8 November 1478<br>(aged 30)|family21=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|native20=በእደ ማርያም|nickname20=|name20='''[[Baeda Maryam I]]'''|alt19=Zara Yaqob of Ethiopia|image19=Sin foto.svg|family19=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes19=[[Debre Birhan]] established as Capital.Anak [[Dawit I]]|reignend19=26 Agustus 1468|reignstart19=19/20 Juni 1434|life19=1399 – 26 Agustus 1468<br>(aged 69)|native19=ዘርአ ያዕቆብ|notes21=Anak [[Baeda Maryam I]]|image21=Sin foto.svg|reignstart24=1508|native23=ናዖስ|life24=1501 – 2 September 1540<br>(aged 39)|native24=ዳዊት|nickname24=|name24='''[[Dawit II]]'''|alt23=Na'od of Ethiopia|image23=Sin foto.svg|family23=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes23=Anak [[Baeda Maryam I]]|reignend23=31 Juli 1508|reignstart23=1494|life23=Meninggal 31 Juli 1508|nickname23=|alt21=Eskender of Ethiopia|name23='''[[Na'od]]'''|alt22=Amda Seyon II of Ethiopia|image22=Sin foto.svg|family22=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|notes22=Anak [[Eskender]]|reignend22=26 Oktober 1494|reignstart22=1494|life22={{circa}} 1487 – 26 Oktober 1494<br>(aged {{circa}} 7)|native22=ዓምደ ፡ ጽዮን|nickname22=|name22='''[[Amda Seyon II]]'''|alt29=Za Dengel of Ethiopia}}

 

{{Succession table monarch|name1='''[[Susenyos I]]'''|life11=1695 – 18 Mei 1721<br>(aged 26)|family10=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image10=Sin foto.svg|alt10=Yostos of Ethiopia|name11='''[[Dawit III]]'''|nickname11=Dawit the Singer|native11=ዳዊት|reignstart11=8 Februari 1716|reignend10=19 Februari 1716|reignend11=18 Mei 1721|notes11=Anak [[Iyasu I]]|family11=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image11=Sin foto.svg|alt11=Dawit III of Ethiopia|name12='''[[Bakaffa]]'''|notes10=GrandAnak [[Iyasu I]]|reignstart10=14 Oktober 1711|native12=በካፋ|reignstart9=1709|image8=Sin foto.svg|alt8=Tewoflos of Ethiopia|name9=''[[Nebahne Yohannes]]''|nickname9=|native9=|life9=|reignend9=Juli 1710|life10=Meninggal 1716|notes9=|family9=Non-Dynastic|image9=Sin foto.svg|alt9=Nebahne Yohannes of Ethiopia|name10='''[[Yostos]]'''|nickname10=|native10=ዮስቶስ|nickname12=|life12=Meninggal 19 September 1730|notes8=Anak [[Fasilides]]|name15='''[[Iyoas I]]'''|reignstart14=1736|reignend14=1737|notes14=|family14=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image14=Sin foto.svg|alt14=Hezqeyas of Ethiopia|nickname15=|native14=|native15=ኢዮአስ|life15={{circa}} 1740 – 14 Mei 1769<br>(aged {{circa}} 29)|reignstart15=27 Juni 1755|reignend15=7 Mei 1769|notes15=Anak [[Iyasu II]]|family15=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image15=Sin foto.svg|life14=|nickname14=|reignstart12=18 Mei 1721|nickname13=|reignend12=19 September 1730|notes12=Anak [[Iyasu I]]|family12=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image12=Sin foto.svg|alt12=Bakaffa of Ethiopia|name13='''[[Iyasu II]]'''|native13=ኢያሱ|name14=''[[Atse Hezqeyas|Hezqeyas]]''|life13={{Birth date|1723|10|21|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1755|6|27|1723|10|21|df=y}}|reignstart13=19 September 1730|reignend13=27 Juni 1755|notes13=Anak [[Bakaffa]]|family13=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image13=Iyasu II of Ethiopia and Mentewab.png|alt13=Iyasu II of Ethiopia|family8=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|reignend8=14 Oktober 1711|nickname1=|family3=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|nickname3=|native3=ዮሐንስ|life3={{circa}} 1640 – 19 Juli 1682<br>(aged {{circa}} 42)|reignstart3=1667|reignend3=19 Juli 1682|notes3=Anak [[Fasilides]]|image3=Sin foto.svg|alt2=Fasilides of Ethiopia|alt3=Yohannes I of Ethiopia|name4='''[[Iyasu I]]'''|nickname4=Iyasu the Great|native4=ኢያሱ|life4=1654 – 13 Oktober 1706<br>(aged 52)|reignstart4=19 Juli 1682|reignend4=13 Oktober 1706|name3='''[[Yohannes I]]'''|image2=Sin foto.svg|family4=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image1=Sin foto.svg|native1=ሱስንዮስ|life1=1572 – 17 September 1632<br>(aged 60)|reignstart1=1606|reignend1=17 September 1632|notes1=[[Gondar]] established as Capital. GrandAnak [[Dawit II]]|family1=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|alt1=Susenyos I of Ethiopia|family2=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|name2='''[[Fasilides]]'''|nickname2=|native2=ፋሲልደስ|life2=1603 – 18 Oktober 1667<br>(aged 64)|reignstart2=1632|reignend2=18 Oktober 1667|notes2=[[Fasilides]] palace complex built which would use the emperors as seat as far as [[Tewodros II]]. Anak [[Susenyos I]]|notes4=Anak [[Yohannes I]]|image4=Iyasu I of Ethiopia.jpg|reignstart8=1 Juli 1708|reignend7=September 1707|alt6=Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia|name7=''[[Amda Seyon (usurper)|Amda Seyon]]''|nickname7=|native7=|life7=Meninggal September 1707|reignstart7=September 1707|notes7=|family6=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|family7=Non-Dynastic|image7=Sin foto.svg|alt7=Amda Seyon of Ethiopia|name8='''[[Tewoflos]]'''|nickname8=|native8=ቴዎፍሎስ|life8=Meninggal 14 Oktober 1711|image6=Sin foto.svg|notes6=Anak [[Iyasu I]]|alt4=Iyasu I of Ethiopia|notes5=Claimed to be grandAnak [[Susenyos I]]|name5=''[[Yeshaq Iyasu]]''|nickname5=|native5=|life5=Meninggal 1685|reignstart5=1685|reignend5=1685|family5=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|reignend6=30 Juni 1708|image5=Sin foto.svg|alt5=Yeshaq Iyasu of Ethiopia|name6='''[[Tekle Haymanot I]]'''|nickname6=Tekle Haymanot the Cursed|native6=ተክለ ሃይማኖት|life6={{Birth date|1684|3|28|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1708|6|30|1684|3|28|df=y}}|reignstart6=27 Maret 1706|alt15=Iyoas I of Ethiopia}}

 

==== [[Zemene Mesafint]] ====

 

{{Succession table monarch|name1='''[[Yohannes II]]'''|image16=Sin foto.svg|family15=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image15=Sin foto.svg|alt15=Egwale Seyon of Ethiopia|name16='''[[Iyoas II]]'''|nickname16=|native16=ኢዮአስ|life16=Meninggal 3 Juni 1821|reignstart16=14 Juni 1818|reignend16=3 Juni 1821|notes16=Anak [[Hezqeyas]]|family16=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|alt16=Iyoas II of Ethiopia|reignend15=12 Juni 1818|name17='''[[Gigar]]'''|nickname17=|native17=ጊጋር|life17={{circa}} 1745 – 26 November 1832<br>(aged {{circa}} 87)|reignstart17=3 Juni 1821 <br> April 1826|reignend17=April 1826 <br> 18 Juni 1830|notes17=Possibly Anak [[Iyasu II]]|family17=Possibly [[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image17=Sin foto.svg|alt17=Gigar of Ethiopia|name18='''[[Baeda Maryam III]]'''|notes15=Anak [[Hezqeyas]]|reignstart15=Juni 1801|native18=|alt13=Yonas of Ethiopia|image12=Sin foto.svg|alt12=Salomon III of Ethiopia|name13='''[[Yonas]]'''|nickname13=|native13=|life13=Meninggal Mei 1813|reignstart13=18 Agustus 1797|reignend13=4 Januari 1798|notes13=GrandAnak [[Fasilides]]|family13=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image13=Sin foto.svg|name14='''[[Demetros]]'''|life15=Meninggal 12 Juni 1818|nickname14=|native14=|life14=Meninggal 1802|reignstart14=25 Juli 1799 <br> Juni 1800|reignend14=24 Maret 1800 <br> Juni 1801|notes14=Anak Arqedewos|family14=Non-Dynastic|image14=Sin foto.svg|alt14=Demetros of Ethiopia|name15='''[[Egwale Seyon]]'''|nickname15=|native15=እጓለ ጽዮን|nickname18=|life18=|notes12=Anak [[Tekle Haymanot II]]|reignend22=1832|reignstart21=1832 <br> Oktober 1832 <br> Oktober 1841 <br> 1845 <br> 1851|reignend21=1832 <br> 29 Agustus 1840 <br> 1845 <br> 1850 <br> 11 Februari 1855|notes21=Brother of [[Gebre Krestos]]|family21=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image21=Sin foto.svg|alt21=Sahle Dengel of Ethiopia|name22=''[[Egwale Anbesa]]''|nickname22=|native22=|life22=|reignstart22=1832|notes22=|native21=|family22=Non-Dynastic|image22=Sin foto.svg|alt22=Egwale Anbesa of Ethiopia|name23='''[[Yohannes III]]'''|nickname23=|native23=|life23={{circa}} 1797 – {{circa}} 1873<br>(aged {{circa}} 76)|reignstart23=30 Agustus 1840 <br> 1845 <br> 1850|reignend23=Oktober 1841 <br> 1845 <br> 1851|notes23=Anak [[Tekle Giyorgis I]]|family23=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image23=Sin foto.svg|life21=1778 – 11 Februari 1855<br>(aged 77)|nickname21=|reignstart18=April 1826|notes19=Anak [[Salomon III]]|reignend18=April 1826|notes18=|family18=Non-Dynastic|image18=Sin foto.svg|alt18=Baeda Maryam III of Ethiopia|name19='''[[Iyasu IV]]'''|nickname19=|native19=ኢያሱ|life19=|reignstart19=18 Juni 1830|reignend19=18 Maret 1832|family19=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|name21='''[[Sahle Dengel]]'''|image19=Sin foto.svg|alt19=Iyasu IV of Ethiopia|name20='''[[Gebre Krestos]]'''|nickname20=|native20=ገብረ ክሪስቶስ|life20=|reignstart20=18 Maret 1832 <br> 1832|reignend20=1832 <br> 8 Juni 1832|notes20=Allegedly a descendant of [[Fasilides]]|family20=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image20=Sin foto.svg|alt20=Gebre Krestos of Ethiopia|family12=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|reignend12=15 Juli 1797 <br> 15 Juli 1799|nickname1=|native5=ተክለ ጊዮርጊስ|nickname4=|native4=ሣሎሞን|life4=Meninggal 1782|reignstart4=13 April 1777|reignend4=20 Juli 1779|notes4=Anak ''Abeto'' Adigo|family4=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image4=Sin foto.svg|alt4=Salomon II of Ethiopia|name5='''[[Tekle Giyorgis I]]'''|nickname5=|life5={{circa}} 1751 – 12 Desember 1817<br>(aged {{circa}} 66)|alt3=Susenyos II of Ethiopia|reignstart5=20 Juli 1779 <br> 24 April 1788 <br> Januari 1794 <br> Desember 1795 <br> 4 Januari 1798 <br> 24 Maret 1800|reignend5=8 Februari 1784 <br> 26 Juli 1789 <br> 15 April 1795 <br> 20 Mei 1796 <br> 20 Mei 1799 <br> Juni 1800|notes5=Anak [[Yohannes II]]|family5=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image5=Sin foto.svg|alt5=Tekle Giyorgis I of Ethiopia|name6='''[[Iyasu III]]'''|nickname6=|native6=|life6=Meninggal by 1810|reignstart6=16 Februari 1784|reignend6=24 April 1788|name4='''[[Salomon II]]'''|image3=Sin foto.svg|family6=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|life2=1754 – 7 September 1777<br>(aged 23)|native1=ዮሓንስ|life1=1699 – 18 Oktober 1769<br>(aged 70)|reignstart1=7 Mei 1769|reignend1=18 Oktober 1769|notes1=Anak [[Iyasu I]]|family1=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image1=Sin foto.svg|alt1=Yohannes II of Ethiopia|name2='''[[Tekle Haymanot II]]'''|nickname2=|native2=ተክለ ሃይማኖት|reignstart2=18 Oktober 1769 <br> Desember 1770|family3=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|reignend2=Agustus 1770 <br> 13 April 1777|notes2=Anak [[Yohannes II]]|family2=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image2=Sin foto.svg|alt2=Tekle Haymanot II of Ethiopia|name3='''[[Susenyos II]]'''|nickname3=|native3=ሱስንዮስ|life3=Meninggal {{circa}} 1771|reignstart3=Agustus 1770|reignend3=Desember 1770|notes3=Possibly the illegitimate Anak [[Iyasu II]]|notes6=GrandAnak [[Iyasu II]]|image6=Sin foto.svg|reignstart12=20 Mei 1796 <br> 20 Mei 1799|name11='''[[Baeda Maryam II]]'''|alt9=Tekle Haymanot of Ethiopia|name10='''[[Hezqeyas]]'''|nickname10=|native10=|life10=Meninggal 13 September 1813|reignstart10=26 Juli 1789|reignend10=Januari 1794|notes10=Anak [[Iyasu III]]|family10=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image10=Sin foto.svg|alt10=Hezqeyas of Ethiopia|nickname11=|family9=Non-Dynastic|native11=|life11=1749 – 1833<br>(aged 84)|reignstart11=15 April 1795|reignend11=Desember 1795|notes11=Possibly Anak [[Salomon II]]|family11=[[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]]|image11=Sin foto.svg|alt11=Baeda Maryam II of Ethiopia|name12='''[[Salomon III]]'''|nickname12=|native12=|life12=|image9=Sin foto.svg|notes9=In opposition to Iyasu III|alt6=Iyasu III of Ethiopia|nickname8=|name7=''[[Atse Iyasu|Iyasu]]''|nickname7=|native7=|life7=Meninggal Mei 1813|reignstart7=1787|reignend7=1788|notes7=In opposition to Iyasu III|family7=Non-Dynastic|image7=Sin foto.svg|alt7=Iyasu of Ethiopia|name8=''[[Atse Baeda Maryam|Baeda Maryam]]''|native8=|reignend9=1789|life8=|reignstart8=1787|reignend8=1788|notes8=In opposition to Iyasu III|family8=Non-Dynastic|image8=Sin foto.svg|alt8=Baeda Maryam of Ethiopia|name9=''[[Tekle Haymanot of Gondar|Tekle Haymanot]]''|nickname9=|native9=|life9=Meninggal before 1810|reignstart9=Februari 1788|alt23=Yohannes III of Ethiopia}}

 

{{Succession table monarch|name1='''[[Tewodros II]]'''|nickname1=|native1=ቴዎድሮስ|life1={{circa}} 1818 – 13 April 1868<br>(aged {{circa}} 47)|reignstart1=11 Februari 1855|reignend1=13 April 1868|notes1=Suicide on a [[British Expedition to Abyssinia|British expidition]], in the fort of [[Amba Mariam|Magdala]]. Anak Haile Giorgis Wolde Giorgis|family1=Claimed the [[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]] lineage later in his reign|image1=Téwodros II - 2.jpg|alt1=Tewodros II of Ethiopia}}

 

{{Succession table monarch|name1='''[[Tekle Giyorgis II]]'''|nickname1=|native1=ተክለ ጊዮርጊስ|life1=Meninggal 1873|reignstart1=11 Juni 1868|reignend1=11 Juli 1871|notes1=Anak ''Wagshum'' Gebre Medhin|family1=Claimed the [[Zagwe dinasti|Zagwe]] lineage through his father<ref>Also claimed the [[Dinasti Salomo|Salomo]] lineage through his mother.</ref>|image1=Sin foto.svg|alt1=Tekle Giyorgis II of Ethiopia}}

 

===== Jalur [[Shewa]] =====

{{Succession table monarch|name1='''[[Menelik II]]'''<ref>Previously [[List of rulers of Shewa|King]] of [[Shewa]] from 1855 to 1856, and from 1865 to 1889. Ruled under the regency of ''Ras Betwoded'' [[Tessema Nadew]] from 1909 to 1911 and Anak Gebru selassie I

 

=== [[Afrika Timur Italia]] ===

{{Succession table monarch|name1='''[[Vittorio Emanuele III|Victor Emmanuel III]]'''<ref>Unrecognized only by the [[United States]] and [[Soviet Union]] in 1940. Renounced title in 1943.</ref>|nickname1=|native1=Vittorio Emanuele III|life1={{Birth date|1869|11|11|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1947|12|28|1869|11|11|df=y}}|reignstart1=9 Mei 1936|reignend1=5 Mei 1941|notes1=anak dari [[Umberto I of Italy|Umberto I]]|family1=[[House of Savoy|Savoy]]|image1=Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy.jpg|alt1=Victor Emmanuel III of Italy}}'''Gubernur Jenderal Afrika Timur Italia:'''

 

* '''[[Rodolfo Graziani]]''' : 11 Juni 1936 – 21 Desember 1937

* [[Pangeran Amedeo dari Belgia, Adipati Agung Austria-Este|'''Pangeran Amedeo''', 3rd Duke of Aosta]]: 21 Desember 1937 – 19 Mei 1941

{{Silsilah keluarga}}

{{Kepala negara dan pemerintah negara Afrika}}

[[Kategori:Daftar kaisar]]

[[Kategori:Kaisar Etiopia| ]]