Kebijakan ras Jerman Nazi: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Berkas:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1986-044-08, Stein-Pfalz, Eva Justin bei Schädelmessung.jpg|thumbjmpl|[[Eva Justin]] dari Unit Riset Biologi Demografi dan Kebersihan Ras mengukur tengkorak seorang wanita [[orang Romani|Romani]].]]

Kebijakan-kebijakan Nazi melabelkan para pemukim berabad-abad di kawasan Jerman yang bukan etnis Jerman seperti [[Yahudi]] (dimengerti dalam teori ras Nazi sebagai [[bangsa Semitik|bangsa "Semitik"]] asal [[Syam]]), [[Romani]] (juga dikenal sebagai [[Gipsi]], [[Indo-Arya|bangsa "Indo-Arya"]] asal [[Anak Benua India]]), bersama dengan sebagian besar [[Slavia]] (utamanya etnis [[Polandia]], [[Serbia]], [[Rusia]] dll), dan seluruh [[orang kulit berwarna]] lainnya (dengan beberapa pengecualian) sebagai sub-manusia non-Arya rendahan (contohnya non-Nordik, di bawah kesalahkaprahan Nazi dari istilah "[[Arya]]") dalam sebuahbsebuah hierarki ras yang menempatkan ''Herrenvolk'' ("[[ras unggul]]") dari ''[[Volksgemeinschaft]]'' ("komunitas masyarakat") di bagian puncak.<ref name="Operation Barbarossa 2004 page 180">''Operation Barbarossa: Ideology and Ethics against Human Dignity'', by André Mineau, (Rodopi, 2004) page 180</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">''The Czechs under Nazi Rule: The Failure of National Resistance, 1939–1942'', Vojtěch Mastný, Columbia University Press {{Page needed|date=May 2013}}</ref><ref>''Hitler's Home Front: Wurttemberg Under the Nazis'', Jill Stephenson p. 135, Other non-'Aryans' included Slavs, Blacks and Roma .</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">The Politics of Fertility in Twentieth-Century Berlin - Page 118 Annette F. Timm - 2010 The Nazis' singleminded desire to "purify" the German race through the elimination of non-Aryans (particularly Jews, Gypsies, and Slavs)</ref><ref>The Holocaust and History The Known, the Unknown, the Disputed, and the Reexamined Edited by Michael Berenbaum and Abraham J. Peck, Indiana University Press page 59 "Pseudoracial policy of Third Reich(...)Gypsies, Slavs, blacks, Mischlinge, and Jews are not Aryans."</ref><ref>Modern Genocide: The Definitive Resource and Document Collection Paul R. Bartrop, Steven Leonard Jacobs page 1160, "This strict dualism between the "racially pure" Aryans and all others—especially Jews and Slavs—led in Nazism to the radical outlawing of all "non-Aryans" and to their enslavement and attempted annihilation"</ref><ref>World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1 Cyprian Blamires page 63 "the "racially pure" Aryans and all others—especially Jews and Slavs— led in Nazism to the radical outlawing of all "non-Aryans" and to their enslavement and attempted annihilation</ref>

== Lihat pula ==

* ''[[Ahnenerbe]]''

* ''[[Nationalsozialistischer Reichsbund für Leibesübungen]]''

== Referensi ==

==Sumber Catatan kaki ==

* {{cite book| last1=Burleigh | first1=Michael | authorlink= Michael Burleigh|last2=Wippermann | first2 = Wolfgang | title= The Racial State: Germany 1933-1945 | url=https://archive.org/details/racialstate00mich | year=1991 | location = Cambridge and New York | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 978-0521398022|ref=harv}}

* {{cite book | last = Hutton | first = Christopher | year = 2005 | title = Race and the Third Reich: Linguistics, Racial Anthropology and Genetics in the Dialectic of Volk | place = Cambridge and New York | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 978-0-74563-177-6 | ref = harv}}

* {{cite book | last = Koonz | first = Claudia |authorlink = Claudia Koonz | title = The Nazi Conscience | url = https://archive.org/details/naziconscience00koon | year = 2003 | publisher = Belknap | location = Cambridge, Mass. | isbn = 0-674-01172-4 | ref = harv}}

* {{cite book | last = Longerich | first = Peter | title = Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews | url = https://archive.org/details/holocaustnaziper0000long | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-0-19-280436-5 | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford; New York | ref = harv}}

== Bacaan tambahan ==

* [[Gotz Aly|Aly, Gotz]], Susanne Heim. ''Architects of Annihilation: Auschwitz and the Logic of Destruction'', London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002, 514pp, {{ISBN|978-0-297-84278-1}}

* [[Yehuda Bauer|Bauer, Yehuda]]. ''A History Of The Holocaust'', New York: F. Watts, 1982 {{ISBN|0-531-09862-1}}.

* [[Christopher R. Browning|Browning, Christopher]]. ''The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy'', University of Nebraska Press, 2004, 616pp, {{ISBN|0-8032-1327-1}}

* Ehrenreich, Eric. ''The Nazi Ancestral Proof: Genealogy, Racial Science, and the Final Solution''. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2007. {{ISBN|978-0-253-34945-3}}

* [[Saul Friedländer|Friedländer, Saul]]. ''Nazi Germany and the Jews Volume 1 The Years of Persecution, 1933–1939'', New York : HarperCollins, 1997 {{ISBN|0-06-019042-6}}

* Kühl, Stefan. ''The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism'', Oxford University Press, 2002 {{ISBN|0-19-514978-5}}

* [[Detlev Peukert|Peukert, Detlev]]. ''Inside Nazi Germany: conformity, opposition and racism in everyday life'' London: Batsford, 1987 {{ISBN|0-7134-5217-X}}.

* Proctor, Robert. ''Racial Hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis''. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988. {{ISBN|0-674-74578-7}}

* Schafft, Gretchen E. ''From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich''. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2004.{{ISBN|978-0-25207-453-0}}

* Weindling, Paul. ''Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism, 1870–1945''. Cambridge University Press, 1989. {{ISBN|0-521-42397-X}}

== Pranala luar ==

* [https://waybackweb.archive.org/web/19970606052435/http://www.mtsu.edu/~baustin/nurmlaw3.html Nazi Racial Laws in English translation]

* [https://waybackweb.archive.org/web/20010418171618/http://www.shoa.de/nuernberger_rassengesetze_texte.html Nazi Racial Laws in the German original]

* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801000000/http://example.com |title=Images of a 1938 German "J" Jewish passport from www.passportland.com}}