Chongqing: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Tambah kutipan|date=November 2023}}{{Infobox settlement
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Chongqing}}
|official_name = Munisipalitas Chongqing
|native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|重庆市}}}}}}
|settlement_type = [[Munisipalitas yang dikelola langsung di Tiongkok|Munisipalitas]]
|total_type = Munisipalitas
|image_skyline = {{multiple image
|border = infobox
|total_width = 290
|image_style = border:1;
|perrow = 1/2/2
|image1 = 重庆市人民大礼堂正门.jpg
|image2 = Chongqing Art Museum at 20150313.jpg
|image3 = 李子坝站轻轨穿楼 0023.png
|image4 = Chongqing Nightscape.jpg
}}
|image_caption = Searah jarum jam dari atas: Balai Besar Rakyat Chongqing; Museum Seni Chongqing; [[Chongqing Rail Transit]] berjalan melalui bangunan penduduk; Jembatan Sungai Kembar dan Cakrawala [[Distrik Yuzhong]] di Chongqing.
|image_map = Chongqing in China (+all claims hatched).svg
|map_caption = Lokasi Chongqing di [[Tiongkok]]
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|coordinates_region = CN-50
|subdivision_type = [[Daftar negara berdaulat|Negara]]
|subdivision_name = {{CHN}}
|established_title = Ditempati
|established_date = sekitar 316 SM
|parts_type = Divisi<br/> [[Kabupaten di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Tingkat county]]<br/>[[Daerah administrasi kota praja|Tingkat township]]
|parts = <br/>12 [[Distrik, Tiongkok|distrik]], 17 [[Kabupaten di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|county]]<br/>1.259 [[kota praja, Tiongkok|kota praja]], [[Daerah administrasi kota praja|township]] dan [[subdistrik, Tiongkok|subdistrik]]
|government_type = [[Munisipalitas yang dikelola langsung di Tiongkok|Munisipalitas]]
|leader_title = [[Sekretaris Komite Partai]]
|leader_name = [[Chen Min Er]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Greene |first=Scott |url=http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2012/03/who-is-zhang-dejiang/ |title=Zhang Dejiang Profile |publisher=Chinadigitaltimes.net |date= |accessdate=2013-12-10}}</ref>
|leader_title1 = [[Wali kota]]
|leader_name1 = Tang Liangzhi
|leader_title2 = Ketua Kongres
|leader_name2 = [[Zhang Xuan]]
|leader_title3 = Ketua Konferensi
|leader_name3 = Wang Jiong
|area_total_km2 = 82403
|area_urban_km2 = 5472.8
|area_footnotes =<ref name=mofcom>{{cite web|title=Doing Business in China - Survey|url=http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/zt_business/lanmub/|publisher=Ministry Of Commerce - People's Republic Of China|accessdate=5 August 2013}}</ref>
|elevation_m = 237
|elevation_footnotes =
|population_total = 29,575,000<ref>http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2010-07/29/c_13420830.htm</ref>
|population_as_of = 2014
|population_footnotes =<ref name="PopCQ"/>
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_urban = 7,457,589
|population_demonym = Chongqinger
|timezone = [[Waktu Standar Tiongkok]]
|utc_offset = +8
|latd = 29
|latm = 33
|lats = 30
|latNS = N
|longd = 106
|longm = 34
|longs = 00
|longEW = E
|postal_code_type = [[Kode pos Tiongkok|Kode pos]]
|postal_code = '''4000''' 00 - '''4099''' 00
|area_code = [[Nomor telepon di Tiongkok|23]]
|blank_name = [[Pendapatan domestik bruto|PDB]]
|blank_info = 2014
|blank1_name = - Total
|blank1_info = [[Renminbi|CNY]] 1,427 triliun<br>US$ 232.22 miliar ([[Daftar divisi administrasi Tiongkok menurut PDB|ke-23]])
|blank2_name = - Per kapita
|blank2_info = CNY 48,233<br>US$ 7,852 ([[Daftar divisi administrasi Tiongkok menurut PDB per kapita|ke-13]])
|blank3_name = [[Indeks Pembangunan Manusia|IPM]] (2010)
|blank3_info = 0.689<ref name="2013 report">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-HD-Publication-NHDR_2013_EN_final.pdf|format=PDF|script-title=zh:《2013中国人类发展报告》|year=2013|publisher=[[Program Pembangunan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]] Tiongkok|language=zh|accessdate=2014-05-14|archive-date=2014-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611132435/http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-HD-Publication-NHDR_2013_EN_final.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ([[Daftar divisi administrasi Tiongkok berdasarkan IPM|ke-17]]) — <span style="color:#fc0;">medium</span>
|blank4_name = [[Pelat registrasi kendaraan di Tiongkok|Nomor pelat kendaraan]]
|blank4_info = {{lang|zh-cn|渝}} A, B, C, F, G, H
|blank5_name = [[ISO 3166-2]]
|blank5_info = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-50]]
|blank6_name = Bunga kota
|blank6_info = [[Camellia japonica|Camellia]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm |title=City Flower |publisher=En.cq.gov.cn |date= |accessdate=2013-12-10 |archive-date=2019-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106235857/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm%20 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|blank7_name = Pohon kota
|blank7_info = [[Ficus lacor]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm |title=City Tree |publisher=En.cq.gov.cn |date= |accessdate=2013-12-10 |archive-date=2019-01-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106235857/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm%20 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|website = {{zh icon}} [http://www.cq.gov.cn/ CQ.gov.cn] <br /> [http://en.cq.gov.cn/ English.CQ.gov.cn]
}}
{{Chinese
|pic = Chongqing name (2).svg
|piccap = "Chongqing", ditulis dalam bahasa Mandarin
|picsize = 125px
|order = st
|s = 重庆
|t = 重慶
|p = Chóngqìng
|sic = Cong<sup>2</sup>qin<sup>4</sup> ({{IPA-xx|tsʰoŋ˨˩tɕʰin˨˩˦|}})
|w = Ch'ung<sup>2</sup>-ch'ing<sup>4</sup>
|psp = Chungking
|j = cung<sup>4</sup>hing<sup>3</sup>
|wuu = zon<sup>上</sup>chin<sup>去</sup> <!-- needs verification, as 重 can also be pronounced as "Zhòng" in Mandarin Chinese -->
|poj = Tiōng-khèng
|h = Tshùng-khin
|l = Perayaan ganda
|showflag = psic}}
'''Chongqing''' ({{zh-stpw |t=重慶 |s=重庆 |p=Chóngqìng |w=Ch'ung-ch'ing}}; [[peromawian pos Tiongkok]]: '''Chungking'''; secara harfiah "perayaan ganda") adalah sebuah [[kota]] utama di [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]] (RRT). Secara administratif, merupakan satu dari empat [[Munisipalitas yang dikelola langsung di Tiongkok|munisipalitas yang dikelola langsung]] oleh pemerintah pusat Tiongkok bersama dengan [[Beijing]], [[Shanghai]] dan [[Tianjin]]).
Pemerintahan munisipalitas Chongqing didirikan pada 14 Maret 1997, dahulu merupakan bekas sub-provinsi dari pemerintahan provinsi [[Sichuan]]. Pada 29 April 2011, pemerintahan munisipalitas Chongqing memiliki populasi penduduk sebanyak 28.846.170 jiwa. Chongqing merupakan pemerintahan berbentuk munisipalitas yang dikontrol langsung pemerintah pusat terbesar di [[Tiongkok]], terdiri dari 26 [[distrik, Tiongkok|distrik]], 8 [[kabupaten di Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|county]] dan 4 [[county otonom]].
Singkatan resmi munisipalitas Chongqing adalah [[渝]] (Yú), singkatan ini diresmikan oleh pemerintahan RRT pada 18 April 1997. Chongqing sudah berbentuk munisipalitas pada masa pemerintahan [[Republik Tiongkok]] (sekarang Taiwan) dan menjadi ibu kota [[Republik Tiongkok]] selama [[Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua]] (1937-1945). Singkatan nama Chongqing diambil dari nama kuno [[Sungai Jialing]] yang melintasi Chongqing dan bermuara di [[Sungai Yangtze]].
== Hubungan internasional ==
=== Konsulat ===
{| class="sortable" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 0 1em 1em; border:1px solid #ccc; empty-cells:show; border-collapse:collapse;" border="1"
|Konsulat
|Tanggal
|Distrik Konsuler
|-
|Konsulat Jenderal Kanada, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing">{{cite news|date=8 May 2007|script-title=zh:各国驻华领馆领区一览表|url=http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/gxh/tyb/bszn/lsfw/t246715.htm|language=zh-hans|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106052159/http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/gxh/tyb/bszn/lsfw/t246715.htm|archive-date=6 November 2011|access-date=18 March 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
|05.1998
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Konsulat Jenderal Britania Raya, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing" />
|03.2000
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|-
|Konsulat Jenderal Kamboja, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing" />
|12.2004
|Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Konsulat Jenderal Jepang, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing" />
|01.2005
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi
|-
|Konsulat Jenderal Filipina, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing" />
|12.2008
|Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan
|-
|Konsulat Jenderal Hungaria, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing" />
|02.2010
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Konsulat Jenderal Etiopia, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing" />
|11.2011
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|-
|Konsulat Jenderal Italia, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates cq_italy and netherlands">{{cite news|date=8 May 2013|script-title=zh:荷兰意大利有望年内在渝设领事馆|url=http://news.hexun.com/2013-05-08/153873931.html|language=zh-hans|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430001428/http://news.hexun.com/2013-05-08/153873931.html|archive-date=30 April 2015|website=Hexun|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|12.2013
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Konsulat Jenderal Belanda, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates cq_italy and netherlands" />
|01.2014
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guizhou
|-
|Konsulat Jenderal Uruguay, Chongqing<ref>{{cite web|title=Consulate General of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay in Chongqing|url=https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/fw_673051/lbfw_673061/lsgmd_673079/t1752813.shtml|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728132152/https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/fw_673051/lbfw_673061/lsgmd_673079/t1752813.shtml|archive-date=2020-07-28|access-date=24 April 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|12.2019
|Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu
|}
== Referensi ==
=== Kutipan ===
{{reflist}}
=== Sumber ===
; Umum
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|last=Danielson|first=Eric N.|year=2005|title=The Three Gorges and the Upper Yangzi|location=Singapura|publisher=Marshall Cavendish/Times Editions|isbn=978-981-232-599-0|pages=325–362|chapter=Chongqing|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Huang|first=Jiren|year=1999|title=|location=Nanjing|publisher=Jiangsu Fine Arts Publishing House|series=老城市 [The Old Cities]|language=zh|script-title=zh:老重庆：巴山夜语|trans-title=Old Chongqing: Ba Mountains Night Rains|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|last=Kapp|first=Robert A.|year=1974|title=The Chinese City Between Two Worlds|location=Stanford|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=9780804708531|editor1=Mark Elvin|pages=[https://archive.org/details/chinesecitybetwe00chin/page/143 143–170]|chapter=Chungking as a Center of Warlord Power, 1926–1937|editor2=G. William Skinner|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/chinesecitybetwe00chin|url-status=live|chapter-url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Kapp|first=Robert A.|year=1973|title=Szechwan and the Chinese Republic: Provincial Militarism and Central Power, 1911–1938|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|author=Liao, Qingyu|year=2005|title=Chongqing Ge Le Shan Pei Du Yizhi|location=Chengdu|publisher=Sichuan University Press|trans-title=The Construction of War-time Capital on the Gele Mountain, Chongqing|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|author=Long, Juncai|year=2005|title=Sui Yue Ya Feng de Jiyi: Chongqing Kang Zhan Yizhi (Covered Memory of Flowing Years: Site[s] of [the] Anti-Japanese War in Chongqing)|location=Chongqing|publisher=Southwest University Press|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|author=McIsaac, Lee|year=2000|title=Remaking the Chinese City, 1900–1950|location=Honolulu|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|editor-last=Esherick|editor-first=Joseph W.|chapter=The City as Nation: Creating a Wartime Capital in Chongqing|url-status=live}}
* {{cite book|author1=Xu Dongsheng|author2=Liu Yuchuan|year=1998|title=Chongqing Jiu Ying|location=Beijing|publisher=People's Fine Arts Publishing House|trans-title=Old Photos of Chongqing|url-status=live}}
{{refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.cq.gov.cn Situs resmi]
* [http://www.exploremychina.com/chongqing-indonesian.html Menjelajah Municipaliti Chongqing]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.visitcq.net Visit Chongqing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618161815/http://www.visitcq.net/ |date=2019-06-18 }}
* [http://www.9654.com/m/cq.htm City centre map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061108033953/http://www.9654.com/m/cq.htm |date=2006-11-08 }}
* [http://www.westtour.net/cq/ditu.htm District map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040228213806/http://www.westtour.net/cq/ditu.htm |date=2004-02-28 }} / [http://www.chinacity.net/zgcs/chongqing/page3.htm Version 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060215131734/http://www.chinacity.net/zgcs/chongqing/page3.htm |date=2006-02-15 }} (in Simplified Chinese)
* [http://maps.google.com/maps?q=chongqing,+china&spn=.109783,.135518&t=k&hl=en Google map satellite image]
{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Provinces_of_China}}
[[Kategori:Kota di
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