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Baris 1:
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Tepi Barat
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ar|الضفة الغربية}}<br/>{{lang|he|הגדה המערבית}}}}
| image_map = File:West_Bank_in_Palestine_(%2Bclaimed).svg
| map_caption = Lokasi Tepi Barat dalam wilayah yang diklaim [[Negara Palestina]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|32|00|N|35|21|E|region:PS|display=inline,title}}
| religion = [[Islam]], [[Yudaisme]], [[Kekristenan]]
| population_estimate = 2.949.246{{efn|Lebih dari 670.000 [[Permukiman Israel|pemukim Israel]] tinggal di Tepi Barat pada tahun 2022; sekitar 227.100 pemukim Israel tinggal di [[Yerusalem Timur]] pada tahun 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/#people-and-society|title=West Bank|date=17 October 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov}}</ref>}}
| population_estimate_year = 2021
| area_km2 = 5655
| currency = [[Shekel baru Israel|Shekel Israel]] (ILS)<br />[[Dinar Yordania]] (JOD)
| time_zone = [[Waktu Standar Palestina]]
| utc_offset = +2
| time_zone_DST = [[Waktu Musim Panas Palestina]]
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| calling_code = [[+970]]
| iso3166code = PS
| status = * Diklaim oleh [[Negara Palestina]]{{efn|[[Negara Palestina]] [[Pengakuan internasional terhadap Negara Palestina#Pengakuan diplomatik|diakui oleh 138 anggota Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa serta Tahta Suci]].}}<ref>{{cite web|date=23 September 2011|title=Ban sends Palestinian application for UN membership to Security Council|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39722#.VfMZaZeM-ao|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010151934/http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39722#.VfMZaZeM-ao|archive-date=10 October 2015|access-date=11 September 2015|website=United Nations News Centre}}</ref>
* Sebagian [[pemerintah Palestina|dikelola]] oleh [[Otoritas Nasional Palestina]] di [[Enklave Palestina|Area A dan B]]<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/05/world/mideast-accord-overview-rabin-arafat-sign-accord-ending-israel-s-27-year-hold.html?pagewanted=all "Mideast accord: the overview; Rabin and Arafat sign accord ending Israel's 27-year hold on Jericho and the Gaza Strip"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209052541/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/05/world/mideast-accord-overview-rabin-arafat-sign-accord-ending-israel-s-27-year-hold.html?pagewanted=all |date=9 December 2020 }}. Chris Hedges, ''New York Times'', 5 May 1994.</ref>
* Di bawah [[pendudukan Tepi Barat oleh Israel|Pendudukan Israel]], yang dianggap ilegal menurut [[hukum internasional]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Roberts |first1=Adam |author-link=Adam Roberts (scholar) |year=1990 |title=Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967 |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8aaa/455b51d4c49285089a97a08496071e322877.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=The American Journal of International Law |volume=84 |issue=1 |pages=85–86 |doi=10.2307/2203016 |jstor=2203016 |s2cid=145514740 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215100933/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8aaa/455b51d4c49285089a97a08496071e322877.pdf |archive-date=2020-02-15 |quote=The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law... Although East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights have been brought directly under Israeli law, by acts that amount to annexation, both of these areas continue to be viewed by the international community as occupied, and their status as regards the applicability of international rules is in most respects identical to that of the West Bank and Gaza.}}</ref>
| common_languages = [[Bahasa Arab]], [[Bahasa Ibrani Modern|Ibrani]]
}}
[[Berkas:We-map.png|jmpl|225px|Peta Tepi Barat]]
'''Tepi Barat''' ({{lang-ar|الضفة الغربية}}, ''aḍ-Ḍiffä l-Ġarbīyä'', {{lang-he|יהודה ושומרון}}, ''Hagadah Hama'aravit'', {{lang-en|West Bank}}), disebut demikian karena hubungannya dengan [[Sungai Yordan]], merupakan wilayah yang lebih besar dari dua [[Palestina|wilayah Palestina]] (yang lainnya adalah [[Jalur Gaza]]). Wilayah yang terkurung daratan di dekat pantai [[Laut Tengah|Laut Mediterania]] di wilayah [[Levant]] di [[Asia Barat]],<ref>{{Citation|title=West Bank|date=2022-09-27|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|language=en|access-date=2022-09-30|archive-date=22 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722231029/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/west-bank/|url-status=live}}</ref> ini berbatasan dengan [[Yordania]] dan [[Laut Mati]] di sebelah timur dan [[Israel]] (melalui [[Garis Hijau (Israel)|Garis Hijau]]) di sebelah selatan, barat, dan utara.
Konversi [[Mandat Britania atas Palestina]] menjadi [[Israel|Negara Israel]] memicu [[Perang Arab-Israel 1948|perang antara Arab dan Israel]], setelah itu Tepi Barat diduduki oleh negara mayoritas [[Orang Arab|Arab]], Yordania. Pada tahun 1950, [[Aneksasi Tepi Barat oleh Yordania|Yordania mencaplok wilayah tersebut]] dan menguasainya hingga [[Perang Enam Hari]] 1967, ketika wilayah tersebut direbut dan [[Pendudukan Tepi Barat oleh Israel|diduduki oleh Israel]]. Sejak saat itu, Israel mengelola Tepi Barat sebagai [[Wilayah Yudea dan Samaria]], dan memperluas klaimnya ke [[Yerusalem Timur]] pada tahun [[Hukum Yerusalem|1980]]. Pada pertengahan tahun 1990-an, [[Perjanjian Oslo]] membagi Tepi Barat menjadi tiga wilayah kedaulatan Palestina, melalui [[Otoritas Nasional Palestina]] (PNA): Wilayah A (PNA), Wilayah B (PNA dan Israel), dan [[Area C (Tepi Barat)|Wilayah C]] (Israel, yang terdiri dari 60% wilayah Tepi Barat). PNA menjalankan administrasi sipil secara keseluruhan atau sebagian atas 165 daerah [[Enklave Palestina|kantong Palestina]] di ketiga wilayah tersebut. Karena kedua wilayah Palestina (termasuk Yerusalem Timur) diklaim oleh [[Palestina|Negara Palestina]], kedua wilayah tersebut tetap menjadi pusat [[Konflik Israel–Palestina|konflik Israel-Palestina]].
Wilayah "Tepi Barat", termasuk [[Yerusalem Timur]], mempunyai luas tanah 5.640 km<sup>2</sup> dan luas perairan 220 km<sup>2</sup>, yaitu bagian barat laut dari [[Laut Mati]].<ref name="CIA">{{cite web| url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/we.html| title= The World Factbook – Middle East: West Bank| publisher= Central Intelligence Agency See also [[Geography of the West Bank]]}}</ref> Dihuni sekitar 2.622.544 penduduk (Juni 2012). Lebih dari 80 persen, sekitar 2.100.000 orang,<ref name="CIA"/> adalah keturunan [[Arab]] [[Negara Palestina|Palestina]], dan kira-kira 500.000 orang adalah keturunan [[Bangsa Palestina]] yang tinggal di Tepi Barat,<ref name="CIA"/> termasuk 192.000 yang tinggal di [[Yerusalem Timur]],<ref name="haaretz-27July2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1103125.html |title=IDF: More than 300,000 settlers live in West Bank |work=Haaretz |location=Israel |accessdate=9 May 2010}}</ref> di pemukiman-pemukiman [[Israel]]. Komunitas internasional menganggap pemukiman [[Israel]] di Tepi Barat, termasuk [[Yerusalem Timur]], ilegal menurut hukum internasional, meskipun [[Israel]] membantahnya.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967|last=Roberts|first=Adam|author-link=Adam Roberts (scholar)|journal=The American Journal of International Law|volume=84|issue=1|publisher=American Society of International Law|pages=85–86|quote=The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.}}</ref><ref name=maj>{{Cite book|title=The Italian Yearbook of International Law|volume=14|year=2005|editor1-last=Conforti|editor1-first=Benedetto|editor2-last=Bravo|editor2-first=Luigi|first=Marco|last=Pertile|chapter='Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|isbn=978-90-04-15027-0|page=141|quote=the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|journal=International Journal of Constitutional Law|title=Israel: The security barrier—between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review|publisher=Oxford University Press|volume=4|last=Barak-Erez|first=Daphne|author-link=Daphne Barak Erez|year=2006|page=548|quote=The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation.|issue=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Self-determination and population transfer|last=Drew|first=Catriona|title=Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories|volume=52|series=International studies in human rights|editor-last=Bowen|editor-first=Stephen|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|year=1997|isbn=978-90-411-0502-8|pages=151–152|quote=It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation …}}</ref>▼
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Tepi Barat memiliki luas wilayah sekitar 5.640 kilometer persegi (2.180 mil persegi). Diperkirakan terdapat 2.747.943 [[Orang Palestina|penduduk Palestina]], dan lebih dari 670.000 pemukim Israel tinggal di Tepi Barat, di mana sekitar 220.000 di antaranya tinggal di Yerusalem Timur.
== Wilayah administrasi ==
* [[Yerikho]]
* [[Yerusalem]]
* [[Hebron]]
* [[Betlehem]]
Baris 14 ⟶ 41:
* [[Al-Bireh]]
* [[Tulkarm]]
* [[
*
*
* [[Abu Dis]]
== Referensi ==
=== Catatan kaki ===
<references group="lower-alpha"/>
=== Kutipan ===
{{reflist}}
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[[Kategori:Tepi Barat
[[Kategori:Wilayah yang dipertentangkan]]
[[Kategori:Wilayah pendudukan Israel]]
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