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Sungai Kebar: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 1:
{{For|the tributary of Riveranaksungai Tigris|Khabur (Tigris)}}
{{Geobox|River
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Baris 47:
| source_confluence_lat_d = | source_confluence_lat_m = | source_confluence_lat_s = | source_confluence_lat_NS =
| source_confluence_long_d = | source_confluence_long_m = | source_confluence_long_s = | source_confluence_long_EW =
| mouth = [[sungai Efrat]]
| mouth_location = | mouth_region = | mouth_country =
| mouth_elevation =
Baris 77:
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'''Sungai Kebar''' ({{Lang-en|Khabur River}}; {{Lang-ar|الخابور}} ''{{transl|ar|al-khābūr}}'', {{Lang-he|כבר}} ''Kebar/ChebarKhebar'', {{Lang-ku|Xabûr}}, {{Lang-syr|ܚܒܘܪ}} ''{{transl|syr|ḥābur/khābur}}'', {{Lang-tr|Habur}}) adalah [[anak sungai]] perennialperenial terbesar dari sungai [[Efrat]] di wilayah [[Suriah]]. Meskipun sungai ini berkata air di [[Turki]], sumber-sumber air ''[[karstic]]'' di sekitar [[Ras al-Ayn, al-Hasakah|Ra's al-'Ayn]] adalah pemasok air utamanya. Beberapa [[wadi]] penting bergabung ke sungai Kebar di sebelah utara [[Al-Hasakah]], bersama-sama membentuk apa yang dikenal sebagai "Segitiga Khabur" (''Khabur Triangle'', atau ''Upper Khabur area''). Dari utara ke selatan, curah hujan tahunan di kubangan Khabur turun dari di atas 400 mm sampai di bawah 200 mm, membuat sungai ini menjadi sumber air vital untuk pertanian di sepanjang sejarah. Sungai Kebar bergabung dengan sungai Efrat di dekat kota [[Busayrah]].
 
== Geografi ==
Aliran sungai Kebar dapat dibagi menjadi dua daerah berbeda:
* Kebar Hulu (''Upper Khabur area'') atau Segitiga Khabur (''Khabur Triangle'') di utara Al-Hasakah, dan
* Kebar Tengah dan Kebar Hilir ('' Middle and Lower Khabur'') di antara Al-Hasakah dan Busayrah.
 
=== Anak-anak sungai ===
Anak-anak sungai (''tributaries'') ke sungai Kebar, dari timur ke barat adalah sebagai berikut:
* [[Wadi Radd]]
* [[Wadi KhnezirKhanazir]] (''Wadi Khnezir'')
* [[Wadi Jarrah]]
* [[JaghjaghSungai RiverJaghjagh]]
* [[Wadi Khanzir]]
* [[Wadi AvedjiAfaji]] (''Wadi Avedji'')
Kebanyakan wadi ini hanya mengalirkan air beberapa waktu dalam setahun sekali.
 
== Sejarah ==
Sungai Kebar merupakan tempat terjadinya sejumlah peristiwa penting yang dicatat dalam [[Kitab Yehezkiel]] dalam [[Alkitab Ibrani]] ataudan [[Perjanjian Lama]] di [[Alkitab]] [[Kristen]]. Sungai ini disebut 8 kali yaitu dalam ayat-ayat {{Alkitab|Yehezkiel 1:1; 1:3; 3:15; 3:23; 10:15; 10:20; 10:22; dan 43:3}}. Selain itu juga disebut pada ayat {{Alkitab|1 Tawarikh 5:26}}.
Selain itu juga pada ayat {{Alkitab|1 Tawarikh 5:26}}.
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During the second phase of the Armenian Genocide in the spring and summer of 1916 the Khabur River in the Der Zor district was the site of the worst massacres of Armenians.
 
Dalam fase kedua pembantaian Armenia (''Armenian Genocide'') pada musim semi dan panas tahun 1916, sungai Kebar di distrik Der Zor merupakan tempat pembunuhan orang Armenia yang terburuk.
Since the 1930s, numerous archaeological excavations and [[Archaeological field survey|survey]]s have been carried out in the Khabur Valley, indicating that the region has been occupied since the Lower Palaeolithic period.<ref name="Nishiaku">{{cite journal|doi=10.3406/paleo.1992.4566|last=Nishiaki|first=Y.|year=1992|title=Preliminary results of the prehistoric survey in the Khabur Basin, Syria: 1990–91 seasons |journal=Paléorient |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=97–102 |url=http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/paleo_0153-9345_1992_num_18_1_4566 |accessdate=7 July 2010}}</ref> Important sites that have been excavated include [[Tell Halaf]], [[Tell Brak]], [[Tell Leilan]], [[Tell Mashnaqa]], [[Urkesh|Tell Mozan]] and [[Tell Barri]]. The region has given its name to a distinctive painted ware found in [[Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia|northern Mesopotamia]] and Syria in the early 2nd millennium BCE, called [[Khabur ware]]. The region of the Khabur River is also associated with the rise of the kingdom of the [[Mitanni]] that flourished c.1500-1300 BC.▼
 
▲SinceSejak thetahun 1930s1930-an, numeroussejumlah archaeologicalpenggalian excavationsdan andpenelitian [[Archaeologicalarkeologi fielddilakukan survey|survey]]sdi have been carried out in the Khaburlembah ValleyKebar, indicatingmenunjukkan thatbahwa thewilayah regionini hastelah beendihuni occupied since thesejak Lowerzaman PalaeolithicPalaeolithik periodAkhir.<ref name="Nishiaku">{{cite journal|doi=10.3406/paleo.1992.4566|last=Nishiaki|first=Y.|year=1992|title=Preliminary results of the prehistoric survey in the Khabur Basin, Syria: 1990–91 seasons |journal=Paléorient |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=97–102 |url=http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/paleo_0153-9345_1992_num_18_1_4566 |accessdate=7 July 2010}}</ref> Important sitesSitus-situs thatpenting haveyang beentelah excavateddiekskavasi includetermasuk [[Tell Halaf]], [[Tell Brak]], [[Tell Leilan]], [[Tell Mashnaqa]], [[Urkesh|]] (Tell Mozan]]) anddan [[Tell Barri]]. TheDaerah regionini hasmendapat givennamanya itsdari nameperkakas toyang adicat distinctivekhas paintedyang wareditemukan found indi [[Al-Jazira]], Mesopotamia|northern [[Mesopotamia]] andbagian Syriautara, indan theSuriah earlydi 2ndawal millenniummilenium BCEke-2 SM, calledyang [[Khaburdisebut ware]].perkakas The region of theKebar (''Khabur Riverware''). isDaerah alsosungai associatedKebar withjuga thedihubungkan risedengan ofbangkitnya the kingdom of theKerajaan [[Mitanni]] thatyang flourishedberkembang sekitar tahun c.1500-1300 BCSM.
==Modern Khabur River Valley==
 
The Khabur River Project, begun in the 1960s, involved the construction of a series of [[dam]]s and [[canal]]s. Three dams have been constructed in the Khabur Basin as part of a large irrigation scheme that also includes the [[Tabqa Dam]] on the Euphrates. Two dams, Hasakah West and Hasakah East, have been constructed on tributaries to the Khabur between Ra's al-'Ayn and Al-Hasakah. The capacity of the reservoir of Hasakah West is 0.09&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>; that of Hasakah East is 0.2&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>. A third dam, Hassakeh South, was constructed on the Khabur 25&nbsp;km south of Al-Hassakeh. The reservoir of this dam has a capacity of 0.7&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>.<ref name="mutin">{{cite journal|last=Mutin|first=Georges|year=2003|title=Le Tigre et l'Euphrate de la discorde|journal=VertigO|volume=4|issue=3|pages=1–10|language=French|url=http://vertigo.revues.org/index3869.html|accessdate=18 December 2009|doi=10.4000/vertigo.3869}}</ref> The Khabur Valley, which now has about four million acres (16,000&nbsp;km²) of farmland, is Syria's main [[wheat]]-cultivation area. The northeastern part is also the center for Syria's oil production.▼
== Lembah sungai Kebar modern ==
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▲Proyek Sungai Kebar ("The Khabur River Project,") begundimulai inpada thetahun 1960s,1960-an involvedmeliputi thepembangunan constructionsejumlah ofbendungan adan series of [[dam]]s and [[canal]]sterusan. ThreeTiga damsbendungan havetelah beendibangun constructed in thedi ''Khabur Basin'' assebagai partbagian ofdari ajaringan largeirigasi irrigationluas schemeyang thatjuga also includes themencakup [[Tabqa Dam]] ondi the[[sungai EuphratesEfrat]]. TwoDua damsbendungan, "Hasakah West" anddan "Hasakah East", havetelah beendibangun constructedpada onanak-anak tributariessungai toKebar thedi Khabur betweenantara Ra's al-'Ayn anddan Al-Hasakah. The capacity of theKapasitas reservoir of Hasakah West isadalah 0.09&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>; that ofsedangkan Hasakah East isadalah 0.2&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>. ABendungan third damketiga, "Hassakeh South", wasdibangun constructedpada onsungai the KhaburKebar 25&nbsp;km southdi ofselatan Al-Hassakeh. The reservoir of this damReservoir hasbendungan aini capacitymempunyai ofkapasitas 0.7&nbsp;km<sup>3</sup>.<ref name="mutin">{{cite journal|last=Mutin|first=Georges|year=2003|title=Le Tigre et l'Euphrate de la discorde|journal=VertigO|volume=4|issue=3|pages=1–10|language=French|url=http://vertigo.revues.org/index3869.html|accessdate=18 December 2009|doi=10.4000/vertigo.3869}}</ref> TheLembah Kebar (''Khabur Valley''), whichyang nowsaat hasini abouttanah fourpertanian millionseluas acressekitar 4 juta acre (16,000&nbsp;km²), ofadalah farmland,daerah ispenanaman Syria'sgandum mainutama [[wheat]]-cultivation areaSuriah. TheBagian northeasterntimur partlaut isjuga alsomerupakan thepusat center for Syria'sproduksi oilminyak productionSuriah.
==Referensi ==▼
 
▲== Referensi ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
== Lihat pula ==
[[Category:Sungai di Turki]]▼
* [[Category:Sungai di SuriahEfrat]]
* Bagian [[Alkitab]] yang berkaitan: [[Yehezkiel 1]][[Yehezkiel 3|, 3]][[Yehezkiel 10|, 10]][[Yehezkiel 43|, dan 43]]; [[1 Tawarikh 5]]
[[Category:Tempat di Alkitab]]▼
 
[[Category:Kitab 1 Tawarikh]]▼
[[CategoryKategori:KitabSungai Yehezkieldi Turki]]
▲[[CategoryKategori:Sungai di TurkiSuriah]]
▲[[CategoryKategori:Tempat di Alkitab]]
▲[[CategoryKategori:Kitab 1 Tawarikh]]
[[Kategori:Kitab Yehezkiel]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Sungai_Kebar"