Islamofobia: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Islam}}{{Bilah sisi diskriminasi}}

'''Islamofobia''' adalah sebuah [[fobia]] atau suatu ketakutan, kebencian atau prasangka terhadap [[Islam]] atau [[Muslim]] secara umum,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Islamophobia|url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/islamophobia|dictionary=[[Oxford Dictionaries]]|access-date=10 November 2016|archive-date=2019-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519232650/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/islamophobia|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Dictionary.com|islamophobia|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Islamophobia|url=http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/islamophobia|dictionary=[[Collins Dictionary]]|access-date=10 November 2016}}</ref> terutama bila dipandang dari sisi [[Islamisasi]] dan sumber [[terorisme]].{{sfn|Miles|Brown|2003|p=166}}<ref name="Pew32">{{cite report|url=http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/07/Pew-Research-Center-EU-Refugees-and-National-Identity-Report-FINAL-July-11-2016.pdf|title=Europeans Fear Wave of Refugees Will Mean More Terrorism, Fewer Jobs|last1=Wike|first1=Richard|last2=Stokes|first2=Bruce|last3=Simmons|first3=Katie|date=July 2016|publisher=Pew Research Center|page=4|access-date=27 November 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127220309/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/07/Pew-Research-Center-EU-Refugees-and-National-Identity-Report-FINAL-July-11-2016.pdf|archive-date=27 November 2016}}</ref>

Permintaan [[Turki]] untuk menjadi anggota [[Uni Eropa]] telah diadakan sejak tahun 1987, tetapi tidak terwujud karena adanya permasalahan pada [[kepala pemerintahan]]. Pada masa itu, Turki berada dalam [[Pemerintah|pemerintahanpemerintah]]an [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]. Uni Eropa menolak permintaan Turki untuk bergabung karena Erdoğan memiliki [[kekuasaan]] yang [[Otoritarianisme|otoriter]] dan mempunyai masalah terkait [[hak asasi manusia]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=McGlinchey, S., Walters, R., dan Scheinpflug, C.|date=2017|url=https://www.e-ir.info/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/IRT-E-IR-Translated.pdf|title=International Relation Theory|location=Bristol|publisher=E-International Relation Publishing|isbn=978-1-910814-20-8|pages=40|translator-last=Mukti|translator-first=Takdir Ali|trans-title=Dasar-Dasar Kajian Teori Hubungan Internasional|url-status=live}}</ref>

Dalam pandangan wacana kritis, penolakan keanggotan Turki dalam Uni Eropa juga dipengaruhi oleh menyebarnya [[islamofobia]] di pikiran masyarakat Eropa. Selain itu, masyarakat Eropa secara umum belum menerima [[komunitas]] muslim secara menyeluruh. Pandangan wacana kritis mengaitkan persoalan agama sebagai penyebab penolakan Turki dalam keanggotaan Uni Eropa. Penolakan ini juga dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan sejarah negara anggota Uni Eropa dengan sejarah Turki. Selain itu, [[hegemoni]] [[kekristenan]] dan hegemoni [[gereja]] di Eropa dan hegemoni [[demokrasi liberal]] menjadi faktor yang membuat Turki belum dapat diterima sebagai anggota Uni Eropa.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Arif|first=Muhammad Qobidl 'Ainul|date=2014|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Politik_Islamophobia_Eropa/1YKmCQAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=Politik+Uni+Eropa&printsec=frontcover|title=Politik Islamophobia Eropa: Menguak Eksistensi Sentimental Anti-Islam dalam Isu Keanggotaan Turki|location=Sleman|publisher=Deepublish|isbn=978-602-280-730-8|pages=46|url-status=live}}</ref>

* {{Cite book|last=Gottschalk|first=P.|author2=Greenberg, G. |title=Islamophobia: Making Muslims the Enemy|url=https://archive.org/details/islamophobiamaki0000gott|url-access=registration|year=2007|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield publishers |location=Lanham |isbn=978-0-7425-5286-9}}

* Kaplan, Jeffrey (2006). "[https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781317369882/chapters/10.4324%2F9781315671352-19 Islamophobia in America?: September 11 and Islamophobic Hate Crime] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612113144/https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781317369882/chapters/10.4324%2F9781315671352-19 |date=2018-06-12 }}", ''Terrorism and Political Violence'' (Routledge), '''18''':1, 1–33.

* {{cite book |title=Islamophobia and Racism in America |url=https://archive.org/details/islamophobiaraci0000love |year=2017 |first=Erik |last=Love |publisher=NYU Press |isbn=978-1479838073}}

* {{cite journal |last1=Pynting |first1=Scott|last2=Mason|first2=Victoria|name-list-style=amp|year=2007|title=''The Resistible Rise of Islamophobia: Anti-Muslim Racism in the UK and Australia before 11 September 2001". ''Journal of Sociology |url=http://www.islamiccouncilwa.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/poynting2007a-2.pdf |journal=The Australian Sociological Association |volume=43 |issue=1|pages=61–86|doi=10.1177/1440783307073935|s2cid=145065236}}

* {{Cite book|last=Quraishi|first=M.|title=Muslims and Crime: A Comparative Study |url=https://archive.org/details/muslimscrimecomp0000qura|year=2005 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing|isbn=978-0-7546-4233-6}}

* {{Cite book|last=Ramadan |first=T.|title=Western Muslims and the Future of Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/westernmuslimsfu0000rama |year=2004 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-517111-2}}

{{fobia|state=collapsed}}{{Diskriminasi}}{{Topik Islam}}

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