Diego Garcia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox airport
| name = Diego Garcia
| image = diegogarcia.jpg
| image-width =
| image2 = Terminal BIOT.jpg
| IATA = NKW
| ICAO = FJDG
| type = Fasilitas udara AL
| owner = [[Britania Raya]] - [[Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania|teritorial seberang laut]]
| operator = [[Kementerian Pertahanan (Inggris)|Kementerian Pertahanan Inggris]], [[Pemerintah Inggris]]
| location = [[Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania]], [[Samudra Hindia]]
| pushpin_map = Indian Ocean
| latd = 7
| latm = 18
| lats = 48
| latNS = S
| longd = 72
| longm = 24
| longs = 40
| longEW = E
| pushpin_label = Diego Garcia
| pushpin_label_size = 200 <!--200% larger-->
| pushpin_map_caption = Lokasi Diego Garcia di Samudra Hindia
| built = 1971-1976; 1982-1986 (perluasan besar-besaran)
| used = 1971 - sekarang
| elevation-m = 3
| elevation-f = 9
| coordinates = {{Coord|7|18|48|S|72|24|40|E|type:airport|display=inline,title}}
| r1-number = 13/31
| r1-length-f = 12,003
| r1-length-m = 3,659
| r1-surface = [[Beton]]
| footnotes =
}}
{{Infobox settlement|official_name = Diego Garcia
|nickname=
|image_skyline = The O Club on Diego Garcia.jpg
|skylinesize = 250px
|image_caption = Tempat makan untuk para petugas di Fasilitas Pendukung AL Diego Garcia tahun 1982. Semua jalan beraspal yang terdapat di sini terbuat dari karang hancur berwarna putih seperti yang terlihat pada gambar.
|image_flag =
|image_seal =
|image_map =
|mapsize =
|map_caption =
|coordinates_region = GB
|subdivision_type = Negara
|subdivision_type1 = [[Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania|Wilayah seberang laut Britania]]
|subdivision_name = {{flagicon|UK}} [[Britania Raya]]
|subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon|British Indian Ocean Territory}} [[Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania]]
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|area_magnitude =
|area_total =
|area_land =
|area_water =
|pushpin_map =
|population_as_of =
|population_note =
|population_total = 4000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory |title=Country Profile: British Indian Ocean Territory (British Overseas Territory) |publisher=Fco.gov.uk |date=2012-04-12 |accessdate=2012-06-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091016032109/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/asia-oceania/british-indian-ocean-territory |archivedate=2009-10-16 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|population_footnotes =
|population_metro =
|population_density =
|timezone = UTC+06:00
|utc_offset =
|timezone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|elevation =
|website =
|footnotes = {{Designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = Ramsar
| designation1_date = 4 Juli 2001}}
}}
[[Berkas:CIA-DG-BIOT.jpg|ka|jmpl|400x400px|Peta Diego Garcia.]]
'''Diego García''' adalah karang atol dan pulau terbesar di [[Kepulauan Chagos]]. Pulau ini termasuk wilayah [[Teritori Samudra Hindia Britania]]. Terletak di [[Samudra Hindia]], sekitar 1.600 km (1.000 mil) sebelah selatan pesisir selatan [[India]].<ref>http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=KC&p_theme=kc&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EF0639AC568EB36&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM</ref> Negara terdekat pulau ini adalah [[Sri Lanka]] dan [[Maladewa]].
Bangsa Portugis merupakan orang Eropa pertama yang mencapai dan melakukan penjelajahan Pulau Diego Garcia. Penjelajah [[Pedro Mascarenhas|Pêro de Mascarenhas]] dianggap sebagai penemu ketika berlayar di bawah kepemimpinan [[Dom Garcia de Noronha]] pada tahun 1512-1513.
Pada tahun 1960, Kepulauan Chagos secara rahasia disewakan kepada inggris, lepas dari [[Mauritius]] dengan maksud mendepak seluruh penduduknya dan mendirikan pos militer. Tahun 1971, Britania Raya dan [[Amerika Serikat]] menyetujui perjanjian di mana kelak pulau ini akan didirikan pos militer.
Sejak itu, Britania Raya menerapkan depopulasi Diego Garcia yang sangat kontoversi, memaksa deportasi seluruh 2.000 penduduk pulau ini, keturunan budak Afrika yang dibawa ke pulau ini oleh Prancis pada abad ke-18, ke pulau-pulau sekitarnya, termasuk Mauritius, yang berjarak 1.200 mil. Sebagai gantinya, pos militer gabungan Britania-Amerika Serikat didirikan.
Pulau ini memiliki satu dari 5 stasiun pengamatan yang membantu operasi [[GPS]], di mana lainnya adalah [[Pulau Ascension]], [[Hawaii]], [[Atol Kwajalein]] dan di [[Colorado Springs]].
Pulau ini ditumbuhi tanaman tropis yang lebat. Pulau ini memiliki panjang {{convert|60|km|mi}}, dengan ketinggian maksimum {{convert|6.7|m|ft}}, serta hampir dikelilingi oleh [[laguna]] dengan panjang {{convert|19|km|mi}} dan lebar {{convert|8|km|mi}}. Kedalaman laguna hingga {{convert|30|m|ft}}, dan sejumlah [[terumbu karang]] cukup membahayakan untuk navigasi. == Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
=== Bibliografi ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|author=Edis, Richard|title=Peak of Limuria: the Story of Diego Garcia and the Chagos Archipelago|location=[[Chippenham]], UK|publisher=Antony Rowe Ltd|year=2004|ref=Edis}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.reefnewmedia.co.uk/cmt_chagos/uploads/Chagos-Flora-Checklist_190809.pdf |format=PDF |title=British Indian Ocean Territory Plant Species Checklist |author=Hamilton, Martin, & John Topp |date=August 19, 2009 |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] & [[Chagos Conservation Trust]] |accessdate=September 27, 2011 |ref=Hamilton |archive-date=2011-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202110352/http://www.reefnewmedia.co.uk/cmt_chagos/uploads/Chagos-Flora-Checklist_190809.pdf |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite book|title=Local Area Forecaster's Handbook for Diego Garcia|publisher=Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command – NAVCENTMETOCDETDGINST|id=3140.2|date=April 5, 2002|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/2002/diego-fdo-handbook.doc|format=[[Microsoft Word|doc]]|ref=NAVCENT}}
* {{cite book|url=http://www.zianet.com/tedmorris/dg/nrmp.html|title=Diego Garcia Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan|publisher=US Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia|date=September 2005|ref=NRMP}}
* {{cite book|author=Sand, Peter H.|year=2009|title=United States and Britain in Diego Garcia – the Future of a Controversial Base|url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesbrit0000sand|publisher=Palgrave MacMillon|location=New York|isbn=978-0-230-61709-4|ref=Sand}}
* {{cite book|editor=Sheppard, Charles R. C., & M. R. D. Seaward|year=1999|title=Ecology of the Chagos Archipelago|volume= 2|series=Linnean Society Occasional Publications|publisher=Westbury for the [[Linnean Society of London]]|isbn=978-1-84103-003-6|ref=Sheppard_Seaward}}
* {{cite book|url=http://www.zianet.com/tedmorris/dg/chagos_conservation_management_plan_2003.pdf|title=Chagos Conservation Management Plan|author=Sheppard, Charles & Mark Spalding|publisher=[[British Indian Ocean Territory Administration]], [[Foreign and Commonwealth Office]]|location=London|year=2003|ref=Sheppard_Spalding}}
* {{cite book|editor=Stoddart, D. R., & J. D. Taylor|year=1971|title=Geography and ecology of Diego Garcia Atoll, Chagos Archipelago|series=Atoll Research Bulletin|volume=149|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|location=Washington, DC|url=http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/atollresearchbulletin/issues/00149x.pdf|format=PDF|ref=Stoddart}}
* {{cite book|author=Topp, J. M. W.|year=1988|title=An Annotated Check List of the Flora of Diego Garcia, British Ocean Territory|series=Atoll Research Bulletin|volume=313|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|url=http://www.zianet.com/tedmorris/dg/atoll_research_bulletin_313_flora_of_diego_garcia_1988.pdf|format=PDF|ref=Topp}}
* {{cite journal |author=Urish, Daniel |year=1974 |title=Fresh water on the coral atoll island |journal=[[The Military Engineer]] |volume=429 |pages=25–27 |url=http://www.zianet.com/tedmorris/dg/urish1974.pdf |format=PDF |ref=Urish }}
* {{cite book|editor=Vacher, H. Leonard, & Terrench Quinn|title=Geology and Hydrogeology of Carbonate Islands|series=Developments in Sedimentology|volume=54|publisher=[[Elsevier]]|isbn=978-0-444-81520-0|ref=Vacher}}
{{refend}}
== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{cite book|author=Hutson, A. M.|year=1975|title=Observations on the Birds of Diego Garcia, Chagos Archipelago, with Notes on Other Vertebrates|series=Atoll Research Bulletin|volume=175|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|url=http://www.zianet.com/tedmorris/dg/atoll_research_bulletin_175_birds_of_diego_garcia_1975.pdf|format=PDF}}
* US Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia "Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan," September 2005.
* Winchester, Simon, ''Outposts: Journeys to the Surviving Relics of the British Empire'' (2004).
== Pranala luar ==
{{commonscat}}
* [http://www.fco.gov.uk/resources/en/press-statement/3426210/6769830/BIOT-Judgment-221008 UK House of Lords Judgment on Chagos Islands of 22 October 2008]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.letthemreturn.com/ Let Them Return - The Chagos People's Homeland Campaign] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713202240/http://www.letthemreturn.com/ |date=2011-07-13 }}
* [http://domain1164221.sites.fasthosts.com/background.htm The UK Chagos Support Association: The story so far] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080617154910/http://domain1164221.sites.fasthosts.com/background.htm |date=2008-06-17 }}
* [http://www.chagos.org/home.htm Chagos Islands Indigenous Population Internet Site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120422112040/http://www.chagos.org/home.htm |date=2012-04-22 }}
* [http://www.diegogarciaonline.com Diego Garcia Online: Information for locals of Diego Garcia.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714193308/http://www.diegogarciaonline.com/ |date=2019-07-14 }}
* [http://www.dg.navy.mil Official site of the United States Navy Support Facility, Diego Garcia.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718083438/http://www.dg.navy.mil/ |date=2006-07-18 }}
* [http://www.northwood.mod.uk/pjobs/biot/biot.htm Official site of the UK PJHQ Overseas Bases, Diego Garcia.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060921152428/http://www.northwood.mod.uk/pjobs/biot/biot.htm |date=2006-09-21 }}
* [http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=diego_garcia Diego Garcia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230022139/http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=diego_garcia |date=2010-12-30 }} timeline posted at the History Commons
* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/diego-garcia.htm Diego Garcia "Camp Justice"], GlobalSecurity.org
* [
* [http://www.infoplease.com/spot/dg.html Where in the World Is Diego Garcia?], Infoplease.com
* [http://www.antiwar.com/orig/pilger.php?articleid=3702 Diego Garcia: Paradise Cleansed, by John Pilger]
* [http://www.bitsofnews.com/content/view/3778/ The Jewel in the Pentagon's Crown] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113071309/http://www.bitsofnews.com/content/view/3778/ |date=2012-01-13 }}, by Gisle Tangenes, BitsofNews.com
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060909011610/http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/duffy/arb/149/v149.pdf Atoll Research Bulletin 149: Geography and Ecology of Diego Garcia Atoll]
* [http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/jihr/v5/n1/4/Nauvel.pdf A Return from Exile in Sight? The Chagossians and their Struggle, from the ''Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights'']
* Alex Doherty [http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=6180 'Diego Garcia', in ZNet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015233809/http://zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?ItemID=6180 |date=2007-10-15 }}
* Curtis, Mark [http://markcurtis.wordpress.com/2007/02/01/web-of-deceit/ Web of Deceit: Britain's Real Role in the World.] London:Vintage, 2003.
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7075361.stm BBC News Exiles lose appeal over benefits] 02/11/07
* [http://sgs.lpi.org.uk/seagreensingers/theisland ''The Island'' is a jazz opera commissioned and broadcast in the 60's on radio themed on events in Garcia Diego written by William Russo, words Adrian Mitchell performed by the Russo Orchestra sung by Cleo Lane and Denis Quilley] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209151500/http://sgs.lpi.org.uk/seagreensingers/theisland/ |date=2010-12-09 }}
* https://web.archive.org/web/20081226023411/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080707.NUKE07/TPStory/National
* [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/22691 A Black and Disgraceful Site] by [[Jonathan Freedland]] from ''[[The New York Review of Books]]''
* Stealing a Nation - A Special Report by John Pilger [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3667764379758632511 on Google Video] [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMW48n72-8Q on YouTube.com]
* [http://www.democracynow.org/2009/10/9/forcibly_exiled_for_nearly_40_years Forcibly Exiled Nearly 40 Years Ago, Diego Garcia Natives Fight to Return to Island] - video report by ''[[Democracy Now!]]''
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[[Kategori:Pulau]]
[[Kategori:Wilayah seberang laut Britania]]
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