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|occupation = [[Pebisnis]] dan [[pengusaha]] teknologi Internet
|known_for = Pendiri pendamping [[Napster]], [[Plaxo]], dan [[:en:Causes (company)|Causes]]. Keterlibatan awal dengan [[Facebook]]
|boards = [[:en:Spotify|Spotify]]<br>[[:en:Yammer|Yammer]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Yammer Board of Directors and Management|url=https://www.yammer.com/about/management|work=Yammer|access-date=2015-01-27|archive-date=2011-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718135600/https://www.yammer.com/about/management|dead-url=yes}}</ref><br>[[:en:NationBuilder|NationBuilder]]<ref>{{cite web|title=NationBuilder To Announce $6.25 Million In Silicon Valley Angel Funding|url=http://techpresident.com/news/21885/nationbuilder-announce-625-million-silicon-valley-angel-funding|work=NationBuilder|access-date=2015-01-27|archive-date=2014-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224063038/http://techpresident.com/news/21885/nationbuilder-announce-625-million-silicon-valley-angel-funding|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|net worth = {{gain}} [[Dolar Amerika Serikat|US$]] 3,1 [[1000000000 (angka)|milyar]] (2014)<ref name=forbes>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/sean-parker-2|title=Sean Parker|work=Forbes|accessdate=September 3, 2014}}</ref>
|spouse = {{marriage|Alexandra Lenas|2013}}
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}}
'''Sean Parker''' ({{lahirmati||3|12|1979}}) adalah seorang [[pebisnis]] dan [[pengusaha]] teknologi Internet asal [[Amerika Serikat]]. Ia membantu mendirikan [[Napster]], [[Plaxo]], [[:en:Causes (company)|Causes]] dan [[:en:Airtime.com|Airtime]].<ref name=forbesdisruption>Bertoni, Steven. [http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenbertoni/2011/09/21/sean-parker-agent-of-disruption/4/ Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption]. ''Forbes''. September 21, 2011.</ref><ref name=vanityfair>Kirkpatrick, David. [http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2010/10/sean-parker-201010 With a Little Help From His Friends]. ''Vanity Fair''. October 2010.</ref><ref>Tsukayama, Hayley. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/faster-forward/post/spotify-sean-parker-says-online-music-is-finally-social/2011/07/14/gIQA3gSjEI_blog.html Sean Parker says online music is finally social]. ''The Washington Post''. July 14, 2011.</ref><ref name=reutersnapster>Adegoke, Yinka. [http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/05/us-airtime-launch-idUSBRE85413T20120605 Napster founders reunite with social video service] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006150638/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/05/us-airtime-launch-idUSBRE85413T20120605 |date=2014-10-06 }}. ''Reuters''. June 5, 2012.</ref><ref name="WSJ_041609">{{cite news|title=Firm Lets Others Choose Start-Ups|author=Vascellaro, Jessica E.|date=2009-04-16|publisher=Wall Street Journal|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123984100075223223.html|accessdate=2009-05-18}}</ref> Sampai bulan September 2014, kekayaan bersih Parker diperkirakan sebesar [[Dolar Amerika Serikat|US$]] 3,1
== Masa muda ==
Parker dilahirkan di [[:en:Herndon, Virginia|Herndon, Virginia]]. Ibunya bernama Diane Parker, seorang broker iklan TV, dan ayahnya, Bruce Parker, adalah seorang sarjana kelautan (''oceanographer'') yang bekerja pada pemerintah Amerika Serikat.<ref name=forbesdisruption/><ref name=vanityfair/><ref name=nypost>Schuster, Dana. [http://www.nypost.com/pagesixmag/issues/20111201/Adventures+NYCs+Billionaire+Playboy The Adventures of NYC's Billionaire Playboy]. ''New York Post''. {{
== Pendidikan ==
Parker bersekolah di Oakton High School yang terlatak di [[:en:Fairfax County, Virginia|Fairfax County, Virginia]] selama 2 tahun sebelum pindah ke Chantilly High School pada tahun 1996 untuk kelas 11 dan 12.<ref name=connectionnews>{{cite web |title = Genius from Class '96 |url = http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/articleprint.asp?article=311523&paper=63&cat=104 |accessdate = February 20, 2011 |archive-date = 2010-10-06 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006013830/http://www.connectionnewspapers.com/articleprint.asp?article=311523&paper=63&cat=104 |dead-url = yes }}</ref> Ketika di sana, Parker menulis surat kepada administrasi sekolahnya dan meminta agar waktu yang dihabiskannya membuat kode di lab komputer dihitung sebagai pelajaran bahasa asing.<ref name=connectionnews/> Hasilnya, menjelang akhir kelas 12 di Chantilly, Parker menulis banyak kode komputer dan mendirikan berbagai perusahaan.<ref name=connectionnews/> Ia lulus pada tahun 1998. Ketika masih di SMA, ia bekerja sebagai intern bagi [[:en:Mark Pincus|Mark Pincus]] (bekas [[CEO]] [[Zynga]]) pada perusahaan startup Pincus di [[Washington D.C.]], FreeLoader.<ref>Tsotsis, Alexia. [http://techcrunch.com/2011/10/18/mark-pincus-used-to-be-sean-parkers-boss/ Mark Pincus Used To Be Sean Parker’s Boss]. ''TechCrunch''. October 18, 2011.</ref> Ia memenangkan computer science fair di negara bagian [[Virginia]] atas karyanya mengembangkan sebuah [[:en:Web crawler|Web crawler]], dan direkrut oleh [[CIA]]<ref name=forbesdisruption/> Di akhir kelas 12 SMA, Parker memiliki penghasilan lebih dari $80,000 setahun melalui berbagai proyek, sehingga dapat meyakinkan orangtuanya bahwa ia tidak melanjutkan ke perguruan tinggi, melainkan mengejar karier sebagai ''entrepreneur''.<ref name=forbesdisruption/>
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== Perusahaan ==
=== Napster ===
Ketika Parker berusia 15 tahun, ia bertemu dengan [[:en:Shawn Fanning|Shawn Fanning]] (saat itu berusia 14 tahun) lewat Internet, di mana keduanya menjadi akrab membahas topik seperti [[fisika teoretis]] dan ''hacking''.<ref name=vanityfair/><ref>Levy, Steven. [http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2000/06/04/the-noisy-war-over-napster.html The Noisy War Over Napster]. ''The Daily Beast''. June 4, 2000.</ref> Beberapa tahun kemudian Fanning and Parker bersama-sama mendirikan [[Napster]], suatu jasa [[:en:file-sharing|file-sharing]] untuk [[musik]].<ref name=reutersnapster/> <!--Parker raised the initial $50,000, and they launched Napster in June 1999.<ref name=businessinsiderairtime>Rosoff, Matt. [http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-10-17/tech/30288862_1_zuckerberg-sean-parker-facebook Sean Parker: Yes, My New Startup Is Called Airtime]. ''Business Insider''. October 17, 2011.</ref> Within a year, the service had tens of millions of users.<ref name=vanityfair/> Napster was opposed by recording labels, the [[Recording Industry Association of America]], and the heavy metal band [[Metallica]],<ref name="venturebeat" /> among others. [[Metallica v. Napster, Inc.|Lawsuits]] by various industry associations eventually shut down the service.<ref name="BBC_270700">{{cite news|title=Napster shut down|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/852283.stm|publisher=BBC News |date=July 27, 2000|accessdate=May 18, 2009}}</ref><ref name="BBC_260302">{{cite news|title=Napster must stay shut down|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1893904.stm|publisher=BBC News |date=March 26, 2002|accessdate=May 18, 2009}}</ref> Napster has been called the fastest growing business of all time, is credited with revolutionizing the music industry, and is considered by some to be a precursor to [[iTunes]].<ref>Pruitt, Scarlett. [http://www.pcworld.com/article/104762/napsters_legacy_lives_on.html Napster's Legacy Lives On]. ''PC World''. September 6, 2002.</ref><ref>Waters, Darren. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3178004.stm Napster’s legacy lives on]. BBC News.</ref><ref>Cooper, Charles. [http://news.cnet.com/Apple-and-the-legacy-of-Napster/2010-1027_3-5299243.html Perspective: Apple and the legacy of Napster]. ''CNET''. August 6, 2004.</ref><ref>[http://www.forbes.com/2003/05/28/0528mennchat.html Napster’s Rise and Fall--And Its Future]. ''Forbes''. May 28, 2003.</ref><ref>Konrad, Rachel. [http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-246648.html Napster among fastest-growing Net technologies]. ''CNET''. October 5, 2000.</ref>
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=== Plaxo ===
Pada bulan November 2002, Parker meluncurkan [[Plaxo]], suatu situs jasa buku alamat online dan [[:en:social networking|social networking]] yang berintegrasi dengan [[Microsoft Outlook]].<ref name="WIRED_111202">{{cite news|title=Napster Co-Founder's New Venture|author=Jardin, Xeni|date=November 12, 2002|work=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|url=http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2002/11/56322|accessdate=May 18, 2009}}</ref> Plaxo adalah salah satu produk yang pertama-tama membangun [[:en:viral marketing|''virality'']] pada peluncurannya dan meraup 20 juta pengguna.<ref>[http://hothardware.com/News/Comcast_to_Buy_Plaxo/ Comcast to Buy Plaxo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109204511/http://hothardware.com/News/Comcast_to_Buy_Plaxo/ |date=2013-11-09 }}. Hot Hardware. May 25, 2008.</ref><ref>Kalyanam, Kirthi; Shelby McIntyre, J Todd Masonis (2007). [http://www.mendeley.com/research/interactive-marketing-case-viral-marketing-plaxo/
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=== Facebook ===
Pada tahun 2004 Parker melihat suatu situs bernama "The Facebook" pada komputer pacar teman sekamarnya, soerang mahasiswi di [[Universitas Stanford]].<ref name=vanityfair/> Parker telah mempunyai pengalaman dalam industri ''social networking'' sebagai penasihat awal untuk [[Friendster]] dan pendirinya, Jonathan Abrams, sehingga ia diberi sejumlah kecil saham pada tahun 2003.<ref name=forbesdisruption/><ref name=facebookeffect>{{cite book|last= Kirkpatrick|first= David|coauthors=|title= The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World|url= https://archive.org/details/facebookeffectin0000kirk_y6p6|publisher= [[Simon and Schuster]]|date=February 2010|isbn= 978-1-4391-0211-4}}</ref> Parker bertemu dengan [[Mark Zuckerberg]] dan beberapa bulan kemudian bergabung dengan perusahaan yang baru berumur 5 bulan itu sebagai presiden pendiri.<ref name=vanityfair/><ref name=facebookeffect/> Menurut [[Peter Thiel]], investor pertama Facebook, Sean Parker adalah orang pertama yang melihat potensial perusahaan itu untuk menjadi "benar-benar besar," dan "jika Mark pernah ragu-ragu, Sean adalah orang yang meluruskannya."<ref name=vanityfair/>
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As president, Parker brought on Thiel as Facebook’s first investor.<ref name=vanityfair/> Within the initial round of funding, he negotiated for Zuckerberg to retain three of Facebook’s five [[Board of Directors|board]] seats.<ref name=vanityfair/> This gave Zuckerberg control of the company, allowing [[Facebook]] the freedom to remain a private company.<ref name=forbesdisruption/> Additionally, Parker is said to have championed Facebook’s clean [[user interface]] and developed its photo-sharing function.<ref>Bertoni, Steven. [http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenbertoni/2011/09/21/sean-parker-agent-of-disruption/4/ Sean Parker: Agent of Disruption]. ''Forbes''. September 21, 2011. "Facebook’s key architect, Parker helped drive Facebook’s minimalist look. He was adamant that the site have a continuous flow and tasks like adding friends be as frictionless as possible."</ref><ref name=web2summit>[http://www.web2summit.com/web2011/public/schedule/speaker/61525 Sean Parker: Managing Partner, Founders Fund]. ''Web 2.0 Summit''.</ref> Zuckerberg notes that "Sean was pivotal in helping Facebook transform from a college project into a real company."<ref name=forbesdisruption/>
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Pada suatu pesat tahun 2005 polisi memasuki dan menggeledah rumah liburan yang disewa Parker dan menemukan [[kokain]].<ref name=vanityfair/> Parker ditahan dengan sangkaan menyimpan narkotika, tetapi tidak didakwa.<ref name=vanityfair/> Peristiwa ini kemudian digunakan oleh para investor Facebook untuk memaksa Parker mundur sebagai presiden perusahaan.<ref>Eaton, Kit. [http://www.fastcompany.com/1687619/the-story-behind-the-man-behind-napster-facebook-and-chatroulette Why You Should Care About Sean Parker: The Man Behind Napster, Facebook, and Chatroulette]. ''Fast Company''. September 8, 2010.</ref> Meskipun sudah mundur, Parker masih terus terlibat dalam perkembangan Facebook dan bertemu secara teratur dengan Zuckerberg.<ref>{{cite news|author=Kirkpatrick, David|title=With a Little Help From His Friends|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2010/10/sean-parker-201010?currentPage=all|work=Vanity Fair|accessdate=July 1, 2011|date=October 2010}} "I don’t think Sean ever really left Facebook," says board member Thiel. "He’s continued to be involved in many ways."</ref> The event was later dramatized in ''[[The Social Network]]''.<ref name=abcnews>Marikar, Sheila. [http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/social-network-amps-justin-timberlakes-star-power/story?id=11759044#.TrMYr0MUqso Justin Timberlake: From Boy Band Heartthrob to Modern Day Renaissance Man]. ''ABC News''. September 30, 2010.</ref>
=== Spotify ===
Ketika mengerjakan [[:en:The Founders Fund|The Founders Fund]], Parker sedang mencari dan ingin menanam saham pada perusahaan yan gdapat melanjutkan misi sharing musik Napster secara legal.<ref name=vanityfair/> Pada tahun 2009 seorang teman menunjukkan [[:en:Spotify|Spotify]] kepadanya, yaitu suatu jasa streaming music dari [[Swedia]], dan Parker berkirim email kepada pendiri Spotify, [[:en:Daniel Ek|Daniel Ek]].<ref>{{cite web|title=You have to see this email from Sean Parker in 2009 pitching his interest in Spotify|url=http://thenextweb.com/entrepreneur/2011/10/07/you-have-to-see-this-email-from-sean-parker-in-2009-pitching-his-interest-in-spotify/|work=The Next Web|publisher=The Next Web, Inc|accessdate=28 June 2013|author=Paul Sawers|date=7 October 2011}}</ref> Keduanya bertukar email dan pada tahun 2010 Parker menanamkan US$15 juta pada Spotify.<ref name=wiredspotify>{{cite web|title=Steven Levy on Facebook, Spotify and the Future of Music|url=http://www.wired.com/magazine/2011/10/ff_music/all/1|work=Wired|publisher=Condé Nast|accessdate=28 June 2013|author=Steven Levy|date=21 October 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sean Parker: War on Music Piracy is a Failure|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501465_162-20020470-501465.html|accessdate=28 June 2013|newspaper=CBS News|date=22 October 2010}}</ref> Parker, yang duduk pada board Spotify, bernegosiasi dengan [[Warner Music Group|Warner]] dan [[Universal Music Group|Universal]], lalu pada bulan Juli 2011, Spotify mengumumkan peluncurannya di Amerika Serikat.<ref name=cnnblazing>{{cite news|title=Internet pioneer Sean Parker: 'I'm blazing a new path'|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/09/27/tech/social-media/adventures-sean-parker/index.html?_s=PM:TECH|accessdate=28 June 2013|newspaper=CNN|date=27 September 2011|author=Dan Simon}}</ref>--> Pada [[Facebook f8|f8 conference]] yang disponsori [[Facebook]], Parker mengumumkan partnership antara Facebook dan Spotify, yang mengizinkan para pengguna membagikan playlist Spotify mereka pada profil Facebook.<ref name=cnnblazing/><ref>{{cite web|title=Killers, Snoop Dogg, Jane's Addiction Rock Sean Parker's f8 Conference/Party|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1166915/killers-snoop-dogg-janes-addiction-rock-sean-parkers-f8-conferenceparty|work=BillboardBiz|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=28 June 2013|date=23 September 2011|archive-date=2018-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527035946/https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/1166915/killers-snoop-dogg-janes-addiction-rock-sean-parkers-f8-conferenceparty|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
=== Votizen ===
Pada tahun 2010 Parker dan The Founders Fund menjadi bagian penanam saham [[:en:Votizen|Votizen]] yang totalnya berjumlah $1.5 juta.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kincaid|first=Jason|title=Votizen Raises $1.5 Million To Make Sure Government Representatives Hear Your Voice|url=http://techcrunch.com/2010/09/23/votizen-raises-1-5-million-to-make-sure-government-representatives-hear-your-voice/|publisher=TechCrunch}}</ref> <!--Parker now serves on the board of directors for Votizen and he believes "Politics for me is the most obvious area [to be disrupted by the Web]".<ref>{{cite web|last=Simonite|first=Tom|title=Five Interesting Things Sean Parker Said Yesterday|url=http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/editors/27347/|publisher=MIT}}</ref>
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=== Airtime ===
Pada tahun 2011 Parker kembali bekerja sama dengan sesama pendiri Napster, Shawn Fanning, untuk mendirikan [[:en:Airtime.com|Airtime.com]]. Sejumlah investorny adalah [[:en:Ron Conway|Ron Conway]], [[:en:Michael Arrington|Michael Arrington]], dan [[Ashton Kutcher]].<ref>Bertoni, Steven. [http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenbertoni/2011/10/06/sean-parker-and-shawn-fannings-secretive-airtime-gets-big-backers/ Sean Parker And Shawn Fanning's Secretive Airtime Gets Big Backers]. ''Forbes''. October 6, 2011.</ref><ref>Apostolou, Natalie. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/10/10/napster_nippers_return "Napster boys are back with Airtime"]. ''The A Register''. October 10, 2011.</ref> Parker menjabat sebagai ''executive chairman'' dan Fanning sebagai CEO.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-15239109 Napster founders return with Airtime start-up]. BBC News. October 10, 2011.</ref>
=== WillCall ===
Pada bulan Agustus 2013, Parker menanam saham pada perusahaan komersial bergerak [[:en:WillCall|WillCall]] bersama-sama investor Eropa terkenal, Oliver Jung—dalam ronde itu, terkumpul total US$2,1 juta. Perusahaan yang didirikan bersama dengan Donnie Dinch, bertujuan untuk bekerja sama dengan acara musik live supaya pengguna dapat mengorganisir dan membayar konser-konser hanya melalui ponsel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techcrunch.com/2013/08/07/willcall-payments/|title=WillCall Raises $1.2M From SV Angel And Sean Parker For Concert, Merch, And Drink Mobile Payments|date=August 7, 2013|publisher=[[TechCrunch]]|accessdate=December 16, 2013}}</ref>
=== Brigade Media ===
Pada bulan April 2014, diketahui bahwa Parker menjabat sebagai chairman dan CEO perusahaan baru, Brigade Media, untuk "melawan kelesuan partisipasi politik pada segala tingkatan terhadap pemerintah di seluruh Amerika".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.politico.com/story/2014/04/napster-co-founder-sean-parker-startup-brigade-105673.html|title=Napster co-founder Sean Parker to lead civic startup|date=April 14, 2014|publisher=[[Politico]]|accessdate=April 21, 2014}}</ref> Ronde awal pengumpulan dana menghasilkan $9,3 juta dari Parker, ditambah sejumlah investor lain.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://techcrunch.com/2014/04/14/brigade-media-raises-9-3m-from-sean-parker-to-shake-up-american-democracy/|title=Brigade Media Raises $9.3M From Sean Parker To Shake Up American Democracy|date=April 14, 2014|publisher=[[TechCrunch]]|accessdate=April 21, 2014}}</ref>
=== The People's Operator ===
Pada bulan Oktober 2014, Parker menanam saham pada [[:En:The People's Operator|The People's Operator]], suatu penyedia network bergerak yang menyumbangkan 25% keuntungan perusahaan untuk dana sosial.
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