Nashville, Tennessee: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|established_date2 = 1806
|leader_title = [[Wali kota]]
|leader_name = [[
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|area_total_km2 = 1362.5
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Nashville didirikan oleh James Robertson, John Donelson, dan sekelompok perkumpulan Watauga pada tahun 1779, dan pada awalnya disebut Fort Nashborough, mengikuti nama pahlawan [[Perang Revolusi Amerika]], [[Francis Nash]]. Nashville cepat berkembang karena lokasinya yang strategis, berperan sebagai dermaga sungai, dan status terakhirnya sebagai pusat perkeretaapian utama. Pada tahun 1806, Nashville berupa korporasi munisipal sebagai sebuah kota dan menjadi pusat pemerintahan County Davidson. Pada tahun 1843, kota ini dijadikan pusat pemerintahan negara bagian Tennessee.
[[Berkas:Old nashville riverfront.jpg|
Pada 1860, ketika [[Perang Saudara Amerika|gemuruh pemisahan pertama]] mulai terdengar melintasi [[Amerika Serikat Selatan]], [[Nashville sebelum perang]] adalah kota yang sejahtera. Kepentingan kota sebagai pelabuhan pengapalan membuatnya menjadi hadiah yang diharapkan sebagai makna pengawasan jalur transportasi rel kereta dan sungai penting. Pada Februari 1862, Nashville menjadi
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Though the Civil War left Nashville in dire economic straits, the city quickly rebounded.{{Citation needed|date=June 2007}} Within a few years, the city had reclaimed its important shipping and trading position and also developed a solid [[manufacturing]] base. The post-Civil War years of the late 19th century brought a newfound prosperity to Nashville. These healthy economic times left the city with a legacy of grand classical-style buildings, which can still be seen around the downtown area.
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Today the city along the [[Cumberland River]] is a crossroads of American culture, and one of the fastest-growing areas of the [[Upper South]].
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[[Berkas:Nashville12002.jpg|
== Geografi ==
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[[Image:Nashville TN satellite map cropped.jpg|thumb|200px|A satellite image of Nashville]]
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=== Iklim ===
Nashville memiliki iklim subtropika lembap (Koppen ''Cfa''),<ref name="nashflgts">{{cite web |url=http://www.nashvilleflights.com/destinationguide/destinationguide.aspx?guide=Weather |title=Nashville Weather |work=NashvilleFlights.com |accessdate=January 29, 2010}}</ref> dengan musim dingin yang umumnya sedang dan singkat, dan musim panas yang lembap dan terik. Pada bulan Juli, suhu rendah rata-rata di pagi hari adalah sekitar {{convert|70|°F}} dan suhu tinggi rata-rata di siang hari adalah sekitar {{convert|89|°F}}. Pada bulan Januari, suhu rendah rata-rata di pagi hari adalah sekitar {{convert|28|°F}} dan suhu tinggi rata-rata di siang hari kira-kira {{convert|46|°F}}.<ref name="twc-avgs">{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/homeandgarden/garden/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USTN0357 |title=Monthly Averages for Nashville, TN |work=Weather.com |accessdate=February 5, 2010 |archive-date=2010-08-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818110614/http://www.weather.com/outlook/homeandgarden/garden/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USTN0357 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Suhu terdingin yang pernah tercatat di Nashville adalah {{convert|-17|°F}}, pada 21 Januari 1985, dan tertinggi adalah {{convert|107|°F}}, pada 28 Juli 1952.<ref name="records">{{cite web |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/ohx/?n=calendar |title=Calendar of Significant Weather Events in Middle Tennessee |work=NOAA.gov |date=2009-08-03 |accessdate=2009-09-22}}</ref> Pada bulan-bulan musim dingin, hujan salju muncul di Nashville tetapi tidak begitu masif. Hujan salju tahunan rata-rata adalah sekitar {{convert|10|in|mm}}, jatuh sebagian besar pada bulan Januari dan Februari dan kadang-kadang Maret dan Desember.<ref name=NCDC>{{cite web |url=http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/tn/406402.pdf |title=NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals |accessdate=
Musim semi dan musim gugur yang panjang di Nashville berpadu dengan deretan aneka pepohonan dan rerumputan
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{{Kotak cuaca Nashville, Tennessee}}
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== Julukan ==
Nashville penuh warna, kota yang dikenal baik di beberapa bidang. Misalnya:
* '''Kota Musik''': sebuah penyiar radio WSM (AM), David Cobb pertama menggunakan nama ini pada tahun 1950 dan mengena. Kini "Kota Musik" menjadi julukan resmi yang digunakan oleh Biro Pengunjung dan Konvensi Nashville. Nashville adalah basis bagi [[Grand Ole Opry]], [[Country Music Hall of Fame]], dan banyak [[perusahaan rekaman]] besar.<ref name="bmimusiccity">{{cite web |url=http://bmi.com/library/brochures/historybook/musiccity.asp |title=Music City, U.S.A. |work=BMI.com |accessdate=2007-08-07 |archiveurl=
* '''[[Athena (kota)|Athena]] di Selatan''': Basis bagi 24 lembaga pendidikan tinggi, Nashville telah lama diperbandingkan dengan kota kuno pendidikan, situs [[Sekolah Athena|Akademia]] [[Plato]]. Sejak 1897, sebuah tiruan [[Parthenon]] telah didirikan di Nashville, dan banyak contoh arsitektur klasik dan neoklasik dapat dijumpai di kota ini.<ref>[http://www.vanderbilt.edu/vupress/kreyling.htm Vanderbilt University Press - home]</ref>
* '''[[Vatikan]] [[Protestantisme|Protestan]]''' atau '''Pengikat Sabuk Injil''': Nashville memiliki lebih dari 700 gereja,<ref name="nashcity1">{{cite web |url=http://nashcity.com/religious-institutions/christian-churches/index.shtml |title=Nashville Area Churches |work=NashCity.com |accessdate=2008-04-30}}</ref> beberapa seminari, sejumlah kelompok musik Kristen, dan menjadi pusat dari penerbitan Konvensi Baptis Selatan dan [[Gereja Metodis]]. Kota ini juga menjadi pusat bagi [[Konvensi Baptis Nasional, Amerika Serikat]], [[Asosiasi Nasional Baptis Kehendak Bebas]], [[Gideon Internasional]], [[Asosiasi Musik Injili]], dan [[Thomas Nelson (penerbit)|Thomas Nelson]], penerbit [[Injil]] terbesar di dunia.<ref name="road&travel">{{cite web |url=http://www.roadandtravel.com/travel%20directory/Tennessee/nashvillestory.htm |title=Nashville: Sophisticated Southern City with a Country Edge |work=RoadandTravel.com |first=Rachel L |last=Miller |date=2008-04-14 |accessdate=2008-04-30}}</ref>
* '''Cashville''': [[Young Buck]] asal Nashville meluncurkan album rap yang sangat sukses ''[[Straight Outta Ca$hville]]'' yang telah memopularkan julukan ini selama satu angkatan.<ref>
* '''Kurdistan Kecil''': Nashville memiliki jumlah [[Orang Kurdi]] terbanyak di Amerika Serikat, diduga sebanyak 11.000 jiwa.<ref name="kurdish1"/><ref name="kurdish2">{{cite news|first=Ian|last=Demsky|coauthors=Oscar Avila|title=Iraqis to cast votes in Nashville|date=December 30, 2004|work=The Tennessean}}</ref>
* '''Nash Vegas''' atau '''Nashvegas''' <ref name="nashvegas1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/06/travel/true-grits-in-nashville.html?pagewanted=3|title=True Grits in Nashville|author=Eric Asimov|date=1997-07-06|work=New York Times|accessdate=2010-01-22}}</ref>
== Catatan ==
{{notelist}}
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{Cite book |title=Fortunes, Fiddles, & Fried Chicken: A Nashville Business History |publisher=Hillsboro Press |location=Franklin, TN |first=Bill |last=Carey |year=2000 |isbn=1-57736-178-4}}
* {{Cite book |title=Historic Photos of Nashville |publisher=Turner |location=Nashville, TN |first=Jan |last=Duke |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-59652-184-1}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nashville: The Occupied City, 1862–1863 |publisher=[[University of Tennessee Press]] |location=Knoxville, TN |first=Walter T |last=Durham |year=2008 |isbn=1-57233-633-1}}
* {{Cite book |title=Reluctant Partners: Nashville and the Union, 1863–1865 |publisher=University of Tennessee Press |location=Knoxville, TN |first=Walter T |last=Durham |year=2008 |isbn=1-57233-634-X}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nashville: The Faces of Two Centuries, 1780–1980 |url=https://archive.org/details/nashvillefacesof0000john |publisher=PlusMedia |location=Nashville, TN |editor1-first=John |editor1-last=Egerton |year=1979 |lccn=79089173 |oclc=5875892|display-editors=etal}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nashville: An American Self-Portrait |url=https://archive.org/details/nashvilleamerica0000unse |publisher=Beaten Biscuit |location=Nashville, TN |editor1-first=John |editor1-last=Egerton |year=2001 |isbn=0-9706702-1-4|display-editors=etal}}
* {{Cite book |title=Historic Photos of Nashville in the 50s, 60s and 70s |publisher=Turner |location=Nashville, TN |first=Ashley D |last=Haugen |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-59652-539-9}}
* {{Cite book |title=The Nashville Way: Racial Etiquette and the Struggle for Social Justice in a Southern City |url=https://archive.org/details/nashvillewayraci0000hous |publisher=[[University of Georgia Press]] |location=Athens |first=Benjamin |last=Houston |year=2012 |isbn=978-0820343273}}
* {{Cite book |title=African-American History of Nashville, Tennessee, 1780–1930: Elites and Dilemmas |publisher=[[University of Arkansas Press]] |first=Bobby L |last=Lovett |year=1999 |isbn=1-55728-555-1}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nashville & Memphis |url=https://archive.org/details/nashvillememphis0000heni |series=Moon Handbooks |publisher=Avalon Travel |location=Berkeley, CA |first=Susanna H |last=Potter |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-59880-102-6}}
* {{Cite book |title=Historic Photos of the Opry: Ryman Auditorium, 1974 |url=https://archive.org/details/historicphotosof0000mcgu |publisher=Turner |location=Nashville, TN |first=Jim |last=McGuire |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-59652-373-9}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nashville & Memphis |url=https://archive.org/details/frommersnashvill0000unse |series=Frommer Guides |publisher=Frommer's |location=Hoboken, NJ |first=Linda |last=Romine |edition=7th |year=2006 |isbn=0-471-77614-9}}
* {{Cite book |title=History of Nashville, Tennessee |publisher=Methodist Episcopal Church, South |location=Nashville, TN |editor1-first=John |editor1-last=Wooldridge |year=1890 |lccn=76027605 |oclc=316211313|display-editors=etal}}
* {{Cite book |title=Hidden History of Nashville |publisher=History Press |location=Charleston, SC |first=George R |last=Zepp |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-59629-792-0}}
* Winders, Jamie. ''Nashville in the New Millennium: Immigrant Settlement, Urban Transformation, and Social Belonging'' (Russell Sage Foundation; 2013) 340 pages; a study of Hispanic immigrants
== Pranala luar ==
{{Sister project links|Nashville, Tennessee|voy=Nashville}}
;Pemerintah
* [http://www.nashville.gov/ Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County]
;Lain-lain
* [http://www.visitmusiccity.com/ Nashville Convention & Visitors Bureau]
* [http://www.nashvillechamber.com/ Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nashvillearchives/index.html Metropolitan Archives of Nashville and Davidson County]
* [http://www.library.nashville.org/research/res_nash_history_timeline.asp Nashville/Davidson County timeline] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615020718/http://www.library.nashville.org/research/res_nash_history_timeline.asp |date=2015-06-15 }} from the [[Nashville Public Library]]
{{Geographic location
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