Bantuan kemanusiaan untuk korban gempa bumi Samudra Hindia 2004: Perbedaan antara revisi

Tanggal [[27 Desember]], dilaporkan bahwa Wakil Sekretaris Jenderal PBB bidang Urusan Kemanusiaan [[Jan Egeland]] mengatakan kontribusi sumbangan negara-negara kaya sebagai "pelit" [http://washingtontimes.com/national/20041228-122330-7268r.htm], tetapi kemudian interpretasi yang muncul adalah bahwa perkataannya itu adalah spesifik tentang respon terhadap bencana tsunami. [http://www.nytimes.com/2004/12/29/international/worldspecial4/29aid.html]. Dalam sebuah konferensi pers dikemudian hari, Egeland mengatakan bahwa ucapannya itu samasekali bukan mengenai satu negara tertentu atau mengenai respon terhadap keadaan darurat ini (tsunami), dan bahwa kita masih dalam tahap awal dan respon yang diberikan sejauh ini masih sangat positif ([http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=topNews&storyID=7193859] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050120092603/http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=topNews&storyID=7193859 |date=2005-01-20 }}).

 

Terungkap kekhawatiran serius bahwa usaha bantuan internasional dapat gagal bila negara-negara tidak menepati janjinya. Tanggal [[3 Januari]], Sekretaris Jenderal PBB [[Kofi Annan]] meminta negara-negara donor untuk memastikan bahwa janji mereka benar-benar ditepati, dan menyebutkan bahwa di masa lalu banyak janji yang diberikan namun tidak semua uangnya diterima [http://www.un.org/apps/sg/sgstats.asp?nid=1247].

== Daftar donor-donor utama ==

Tabel berikut ini adalah sebagian daftar dari komitmen sumbangan tunai dari berbagai pemerintah dan organisasi non-pemerintah, yang diambil dari

 

''Catatan: [[Kurs]] diambil pada [[8 Januari]] [[2005]], ketika EUR€1 = USD$1.30585; GBP£1 = USD$1.87110; CAD$1 = USD$0.811853; AUD$1 = USD$0.757346; HKD$1 = USD$0.1282 ; 1 INR= USD$0.0228102; 1 CNY= 0.120831; 1 NOK = USD$0.158526; 1 DKK = 0.175711; 1 SEK = USD$0.144363; 1 CHF = USD$0.844131

| width="35%" | [[AUD]] 280 juta (223.4 juta dolar AS) [https://web.archive.org/web/20041230231859/http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=25511] || ? || 1,322 || ?

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| [[Bank Dunia]] || 250 juta dolar AS [http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/asiapcf/12/30/asia.quake/index.html] || || tak ada data || tak ada data || 250 || tak ada data

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| [[Belgia]] || [[Euro|EUR]] 12 juta (15.67 juta dolar AS) || 0.05 || EUR 38.05 juta (49.70 juta dolar AS) [http://www.nieuwsblad.be/Article/Detail.aspx?articleID=DMA14012005_030] || 0.17 || 65.37 || 0.22

| [[Irlandia]] || EUR 20 juta (26.12 juta dolar AS) || 0.15 || EUR 75 juta (97.94 juta dolar AS) (Sumber: Irish Times 18/3/05) || 0.92 || 117.94 || 1.09

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| [[Jepang]] || 500 juta dolar AS [http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/asiapcf/01/01/japan.relief.pledge/index.html] || 0.115 || ? || ? || > 500 || > 0.115

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| [[Kuwait]] || 100 juta dolar AS [http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/A3080836-F24C-4E7E-A0CC-C581B0CC3FF4.htm] || || ? || ? || > 100 ||

| [[Tiongkok]] ([[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|RRT]])|| [[Renminbi|CNY]] 522 juta (63.07 juta dolar AS) [http://story.news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&cid=574&ncid=721&e=5&u=/nm/20041231/wl_nm/quake_china_aid_dc] plus 20 juta dolar AS [http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2005-01-06/17155448970.shtml] || 0.035 || 12 juta dolar AS || 0.005 || > 95.07 || > 0.04

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| [[Uni Emirat Arab]] || 20 juta dolar AS || || ? || ? || 20 ||

| [[Uni Eropa]] || 615 juta dolar AS || tak ada data || tak ada data || tak ada data || 615 || tak ada data

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|Amerika Serikat||293,027,571||1,981||6.76|| || || ||

| width="150px" valign="top" | [[Australia]]

||

* '''Pemerintah-pemerintah negara bagian''' — Pemerintah [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[New South Wales]], [[Northern Territory]], [[Queensland]], [[South Australia]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] dan [[Western Australia]] memberikan bantuan moneter yang dijanjikan yang totalnya senilai 17,45 juta dolar Australia (13,6 juta dolar AS).

* '''Militer/Tenaga Ahli''' — Sebagai bagian dari bantuan Australia, [[Australian Defence Force]] ('''ADF''') juga bekerja memberikan bantuan, bersama-sama pasukan AS. 900 personel tak bersenjata bekerja di Indonesia, termasuk di antaranya 15 pengendali lalu-lintas udara yang mengatur pemberian bantuan yang sangat besar di Aceh. Delapan [[C-130 Hercules]] milik [[Royal Australian Air Force]] diikutsertakan. Empat Hercules mendistribusikan perbekalan di Indonesia, sedang empat pesawat yang lain membangun jembatan udara untuk memindahkan material dan personel dari Australia. Saat bencana terjadi, tiga C-130 Hercules langsung dikerahkan dengan membawa suplai medis, unit pemurnian air, selimut, dan air di dalam botol. Sebuah kapal transport amfibi [[HMAS Kanimbla (L-51)|HMAS ''Kanimbla'']] milik [[Royal Australian Navy]] berangkat dari [[Sydney]] pada malam Tahun Baru, tiba di [[Indonesia]] pada 13 Januari 2005, dengan membawa dua helikopter [[H-3 Sea King]]. Selain itu, empat helikopter [[UH-1 Iroquois]] milik [[Australian Army]] diperbantukan di [[Aceh]], di mana ADF telah mendirikan sebuah rumah sakit darurat dan water plant. [[Australian Federal Police]] ('''AFP''') mengirimkan beberapa tim ke tempat terjadinya bencana, khususnya Thailand, termasuk di antaranya tim identifikasi tubuh. Tim yang beranggotakan para ahli medis dan bantuan gawat darurat dikirimkan terus menerus ke berbagai lokasi yang dilanda Tsunami. Para pekerja sukarela siap dan bersedia diterbangkan ke wilayah bencana untuk lebih jauh membantu dengan melakukan operasi pemberian bantuan dan pembangunan kembali. Sebagai tanggapan atas permintaan dari Pemerintah Maladewa, Australia telah mengirim beberapa ahli ekologi untuk memperbaiki terumbu karang - nyawa dari pariwisata Maladewa – dan sejumlah guru untuk memulihkan lagi kegiatan belajar-mengajar. Diperkirakan biaya bantuan tambahan ini lebih dari 60 juta dolar Australia (USD 46,5 juta dolar AS), dan di manajemen oleh [[Emergency Management Australia]] ('''EMA''').

|valign="top"| [[Jepang]]

|| Pemerintah Jepang menyediakan bantuan senilai 500 juta dolar AS ke negara-negara yang tertimpa Tsunami. Tim medis gawat darurat dikirimkan ke Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, dan Maladewa.

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|valign="top"| [[Malaysia]]

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|valign="top"| [[Selandia Baru]]

* '''Pemerintah''' — Pemerintah Selandia Baru mengumumkan akan menyumbangkan 10 juta [[dolar Selandia Baru]] (7,2 juta dolar AS). Tanggal 18 Januari 2005, Pemerintah Selandia Baru mengumumkan peningkatan bantuan dengan nilai total 68 juta dolar Selandia Baru (47,2 juta dolar AS), termasuk juga 10 juta dolar Selandia Baru yang dijanjikan pada awalnya itu. Pemerintah menyertakan pula bantuan senilai 20 juta dolar Selandia Baru (18,4 juta dolar AS) untuk bantuan kemanusiaan PBB, 20 juta dolar Selandia Baru (18,4 juta dolar AS) untuk Aceh dan daerah lainnya di Sumatra melalui sebuah program bantuan bilateral di Indonesia, dan 19 juta dolar Selandia Baru (17,5 juta dolar AS) penyesuaian dolar-untuk-dolarnya sumbangan rakyat Selandia Baru.

* '''Militer''' — Sebuah C-130 Hercules milik Royal New Zealand Air Force, yang bekerja-sama dengan Royal Australian Air Force, dikirimkan untuk evakuasi serta menghantarkan suplai bantuan. Selandia Baru juga mengirimkan sebuah pesawat RNZAF 757 ke Phuket, Thailand, dengan sebuah tim spesialis identifikasi korban di dalamnya. Sayang sekali, pesawat berumur 38 tahun itu mengalami kesulitan teknis dan beberapa kali terpaksa berhenti dari aktivitas bantuan kemanusiaan.

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|valign="top"| [[Korea Utara]]

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|valign="top"| [[Singapura]]

 

Operasi bantuan kemanusiaan Singapura melibatkan lebih dari 1200 personel militer dan pertahanan sipil – 900 di antaranya berada di Aceh, Indonesia. Bantuan kemanusiaan yang disediakan militer, tim medis dan penyelamat diperkirakan senilai 20 juta dolar Singapura. Singapura juga telah menawarkan untuk membangun kembali rumah sakit serta klinik di Aceh.

|| Yunani mengalokasikan 0,3 juta Euro (0,4 juta dolar AS) ke [[Maladewa]] serta [[Sri Lanka]], dan mengirim dua pesawat yang membawa 6 ton bantuan kemanusiaan ke kedua negara itu. Rakyat Yunani mengumpulkan dana senilai 15 juta Euro (19,9 juta dolar AS) melalui berbagai sumbangan pribadi dalam sebuah maraton amal di TV yang termasuk acara pelelangan sejumlah barang kenang-kenangan dari Olympiade Athena dan Euro 2004, serta bulpen milik Presiden Hellenic Republic yang mengundurkan diri.

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|valign="top"| [[Islandia]]

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|valign="top"| [[Republik Irlandia]]

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|valign="top"| [[Italia]]

|valign="top"| [[Syria]] ||A Syrian aeroplane loaded with 40 tonnes of medical and food aid took off from Damascus Airport to Indonesia Thursday <!---which Thursday?--->. The Syrian government newspaper Al-Thawra quoted Syria's Health Minister, Maher al-Hussami, as saying that the load included 20 tonnes of medicine, food and drinking water, as well as 880 blankets

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||

* '''Federal Government:''' The Canadian government has pledged, as of [[10 January]] [[2005]], [[Dolar Kanada|CAD]] 425m (USD 344.96m)[http://radio-canada.ca/nouvelles/Politique/nouvelles/200501/10/001-AIDE-DART-c.shtml], an increase to the original figure of CAD 4m offered by the federal government, which had previously been revised to 40m and then to 80m, as an immediate contribution toward the aid effort and will also be providing blankets, water purification devices, and generators through the [[Canadian International Development Agency]] (CIDA).

** The Canadian federal government has also announced a debt moratorium for the countries most severely affected by the tsunami [https://web.archive.org/web/20050102043944/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20041230.wdebt30/BNStory/Front]. Also, Canada has announced it will send its [[Disaster Assistance Response Team|DART]] (Disaster Assistance Response Team) to [[Ampara]] in [[Sri Lanka]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20061016190122/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2005/01/02/martin-meeting050102.html].

* '''Provincial Governments:''' In addition to the federal funds, the provincial government of [[British Columbia]] has given CAD 8m (USD 6.6m) to the Canadian Red Cross, the provincial governments of [[Ontario]] and [[Alberta]] have each pledged CAD 5m (USD 4.1m), the provincial governments of [[Quebec]], [[Manitoba]], [[New Brunswick]], [[Newfoundland and Labrador]], and [[Nova Scotia]] have each given CAD 100,000 (USD 82,000), and the provincial governments of the [[Northwest Territories]] and [[Prince Edward Island]] have pledged CAD 25,000 and 20,000 respectively.

* '''Military:''' The United States has dispatched numerous [[C-5 Galaxy]] and [[C-17 Globemaster III]] [[strategic airlift]]ers and ten [[C-130 Hercules]] [[tactical airlift]]ers containing disaster supplies, nine [[P-3 Orion|P-3C Orion]] [[maritime patrol]] aircraft for [[search and rescue]] support, and several teams from the Departments of [[United States Department of State|State]] and [[United States Department of Defense|Defense]] to coordinate additional assistance. They are using Utapao Naval Air Base in Thailand as their regional hub.

** Additionally, the United States has offered assistance from its troops stationed in Japan. [[USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72)|USS ''Abraham Lincoln'']] [[Carrier battle group|aircraft carrier battle group]], which was in port in [[Hong Kong]], was dispatched to the coast of Sumatra to provide support to the Indonesian province of Aceh. In addition, a [[amphibious battlegroup]] led by [[USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD-6)|USS ''Bonhomme Richard'']], scheduled for a port call in [[Guam]], were dispatched to render assistance.

* '''Private Sector:''' As of [[10 January]] [[2005]] US based relief groups and non-governmental organisations reported having raised over USD 515m. One charity said online pledges were arriving at a rate of USD 100,000 an hour. Notable donors include American corporations; among them the [[Coca-Cola Company]] (USD 10m), [[Dow Chemical]] Company (USD 5m), [[The New York Stock Exchange]] Foundation (USD 1m), [[Microsoft Corporation]] (USD 3m), and [[Dell, Inc.|Dell]] (USD 3m initial, up to USD 5m through employee fundraising).

** Pharmaceutical companies such as [[Pfizer]], [[Johnson & Johnson]] and [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]] have provided medical supplies and drugs in addition to monetary assistance. [[Hollywood]] celebrities have also donated, including [[Steven Spielberg]] (USD 1.5m) and [[Sandra Bullock]] (USD 1m). Private citizens, communities and schools have also begun fundraising efforts and have contributed.

[http://www.adra.org/ADRANews/123004a.html www.adra.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050505224323/http://www.adra.org/ADRANews/123004a.html |date=2005-05-05 }}.

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|- [[AmeriCares]] || An AmeriCares airlift arrived in Colombo, Sri Lanka on [[30 December]], bringing 30,000 pounds of medical and water purification supplies, including enough water purification treatments to provide for 4m litres of clean driking water, as well as an emergency response team to aid the millions of people affected by the tsunami. New York-based Altria Group, Inc., helped underwrite USD 150,000 to help the cost of the AmeriCares' airlift into Sri Lanka [http://www.americares.org/newsroom/?id=134].

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|valign="top"| [[American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee]] || The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) has collected more than USD 2m in individual contributions to the organisation's non-sectarian South Asia Tsunami Relief mailbox [http://www.jdc.org/news_press_123004.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20050106013530/http://www.jdc.org/news_press_123004.html |date=2005-01-06 }}, [http://www.thejewishweek.com/news/newscontent.php3?artid=10352&print=yes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050122211349/http://www.thejewishweek.com/news/newscontent.php3?artid=10352&print=yes |date=2005-01-22 }}.

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|valign="top"| [[Autism Awareness Campaign Sri Lanka]] || The Auism Awareness Campaign in Sri Lanka are not collecting money themselves but are working with partners, the respected Rotary Club Colombo Regency. They have appealed to the international community not to forget the disabled community and many more who are now disabled as a result of horrific injuries sustained in the tsunami. People can donate online to the Rotary Club Colombo Regency [http://members.tripod.com/autism_srilanka],dry food rations and medicine can be bought online [http://www.lankafood.com]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} for further information see the blog [http://autismsrilanka.blogspot.com]

[http://www.mcc.org/respond/rapid_respond/asiaearthquake/index.html]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

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|valign="top"| [[Oxfam]] || In India, Oxfam is directing its aid to four regions including the communities of [[Cuddalore]], [[Nagapattinam]], [[Kanyakumari]], and along the southwest coast of [[Kerala]]. The agency has put together a USD 13.3m plan to provide immediate relief for people in those regions as well as offer them longer-term assistance to help rebuild their lives and livelihoods. The plan includes digging latrines, repairing water sources, and providing temporary shelter for up to 60,000 people, as well as distributing essential household items such as soap, buckets, and coconut oil. In Sri Lanka, Oxfam has been appointed as a key organisation to provide clean water and sanitation facilities in the northern part of the country. Staff members in four field offices in [[Trincomalee]], [[Vavuniya]], [[Batticaloa]], and [[Killinochchi]] have been offering immediate help to the communities around them including providing medical and rescue assistance, shelter materials, food, and water tanks. With its partners, Oxfam is undertaking detailed assessments of the needs in northern, eastern, and southern districts of the country. Additionally, the agency is establishing a new base in the south—in [[Matara]]. In Indonesia, Oxfam and [[UNICEF]] have been appointed the lead providers of clean water in [[Banda Aceh]] and its surrounding district. A provincial capital located on the northern tip of [[Sumatra]], Banda Aceh was one of the areas hardest hit by the tsunami and is now emerging as a coordination centre [http://www.oxfamamerica.org/whatwedo/emergencies/asian_floods_2004/what_oxfam_is_doing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927023603/http://www.oxfamamerica.org/whatwedo/emergencies/asian_floods_2004/what_oxfam_is_doing |date=2007-09-27 }}.

|valign="top"| [[United Jewish Association, Federation of New York]] || In addition to helping fund the JDC collection, the UJA of New York commission two quarter-page ads in the New York Times, so far raising USD 500,000 in support of South Asian Tsunami victims.

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|valign="top"| [[UN World Food Programme]] || Emergency food rations delivered to over one million survivors in first 20 days of crisis, including 750,000 people in Sri Lanka.{{br}}Using every possible means of transport, from landing craft to trucks, WFP has moved a total 10,000 metric tons of food to Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Myanmar, Somalia and Thailand [http://www.wfp.org/tsunami] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116173744/http://www.wfp.org/tsunami |date=2007-11-16 }}.

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|valign="top"| [[United Nations Joint Logistics Centre]] || The UNJLC complements and co-ordinate logistics capacities of co-operating humanitarian agencies during large-scale and complex emergencies. UNJLC has been activated for the Tsunami crisis with the main office in Bangkok, a back-stop office in Rome, an air hub (staging head) in Malaysia and UNJLC cells covering the crisis region, and also based in Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Malaysia [http://www.unjlc.org/content/index.phtml/itemId/28649] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20050131000708/http://www.unjlc.org/content/index.phtml/itemId/28649 |date=2005-01-31 }}.

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|valign="top"| [[Ve'ahavta]] || The Canadian Jewish Humanitarian and Relief Commission, Ve'ahavta ("You Shall Love"), is collecting donations which will be used to send more search and rescue personnel and logisticians, facilitate emergency feeding stations, and assist in the financing of other necessary relief items [http://www.veahavta.org/AsianCrisisReliefFund.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060225003841/http://www.veahavta.org/AsianCrisisReliefFund.htm |date=2006-02-25 }}.

Daftar donasi korporasi yang lebih lengkap dapat dilihat di [http://blog.simmins.org/td.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050326033515/http://blog.simmins.org/td.pdf |date=2005-03-26 }}.

{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"

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| [[The Coca-Cola Company|Coca-Cola]] || 10 juta dolar Amerika [http://www2.coca-cola.com/ourcompany/wn20050107_tsunami.html]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

| [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]] || 5 juta dolar Amerika (1 juta uang tunai; 4 juta dalam bentuk obat-obatan) [https://www.bms.com/life-and-science.html]

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| [[Abbott Laboratories]] || 4 juta dolar Amerika (2 juta uang tunai; 2 juta dalam bentuk obat-obatan) [http://www.abbott.com/news/press_release.cfm?id=871]

| [[Microsoft]] || 3,5 juta dolar Amerika [http://www.hostreview.com/news/news/041231Microsoft.html]

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| [[Citigroup]] || 3 juta dolar Amerika [http://www.citigroup.com/citigroup/press/2004/041229a.htm]

| [[JP Morgan Chase]] || 3 juta dolar Amerika [http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=domesticNews&storyID=7202564] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313114757/http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=domesticNews&storyID=7202564 |date=2005-03-13 }}

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| [[Cisco Systems]] || 2,5 juta dolar Amerika [http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/2004/corp_122904.html?CMP=ILC-001] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041230033029/http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/2004/corp_122904.html?CMP=ILC-001 |date=2004-12-30 }}

| [[Independent News & Media]] || EUR 100,000 [http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/story.jsp?story=597276] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050115053027/http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/story.jsp?story=597276 |date=2005-01-15 }}

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| [[Marubeni America Corporation]] || USD 10,000 [http://www.marubeni-usa.com/main.html]

* [http://www.fmreview.org/tsunami.htm Forced Migration Review special issue on lessons learned from the humanitarian response] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051017031932/http://www.fmreview.org/tsunami.htm |date=2005-10-17 }}

* [http://www.alertnet.org/thefacts/aidtracker/ Reuters Tsunami Aidwatch] tracking pledged vs. allocated funds

* [http://www.nakagawa.ca/ascorbic/tsunami/ Wave of Destruction: Worldwide Tsunami Relief Donations]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} James Nakagawa's alternative chart

* [http://www.cgs.uiuc.edu/about/Events/Globalr.html Center for Global Studies - The Tsunami Disaster and the Globalization of Relief] from the national resource center at the University of Illinois

* [http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Earth_Sciences/Geology_and_Geophysics/Seismology/Historic_Earthquakes/Indian_Ocean___December_26__2004/Relief_Efforts/ Yahoo! - Indian Ocean Earthquake 2004 Relief Efforts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050808074702/http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Earth_Sciences/Geology_and_Geophysics/Seismology/Historic_Earthquakes/Indian_Ocean___December_26__2004/Relief_Efforts/ |date=2005-08-08 }}