Genosida Rohingya: Perbedaan antara revisi

| reported deaths = 2.000+<ref>{{cite news|title=Burmese government 'kills more than 1,0Rohingya Muslims' in crackdown|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/burma-rohingya-muslims-crackdown-government-crackdown-campaign-reuters-un-report-a7570116.html|accessdate=27 June 2017|work=The Independent|date=8 February 2017|archive-date=2018-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926095132/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/burma-rohingya-muslims-crackdown-government-crackdown-campaign-reuters-un-report-a7570116.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Village Official Stabbed to Death in Myanmar’s Restive Rakhine State|url=http://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/village-official-stabbed-to-death-in-myanmars-restive-rakhine-state-05302017154925.html|accessdate=27 June 2017|work=Radio Free Asia|language=en|archive-date=2017-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619212435/http://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/village-official-stabbed-to-death-in-myanmars-restive-rakhine-state-05302017154925.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Orang Rohingya di [[Negara Bagian Rakhine]] utara, Myanmar, telah dianggap sebagai [[kelompok minoritas]] yang paling tertindas di dunia.<ref name="BBC-Who">{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38168917 |title=Who will help Myanmar's Rohingya? |author=Kevin Ponniah |date=5 December 2016 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |access-date=2017-02-09 |archive-date=2019-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413050220/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-38168917 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="TI-UN-Kyi">{{cite news |title=UN calls on Burma's Aung San Suu Kyi to halt 'ethnic cleansing' of Rohingya Muslims |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/burma-rohingya-myanmar-muslims-united-nations-calls-on-suu-kyi-a7465036.html |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=10 December 2016 |author=Matt Broomfield |accessdate=12 December 2016 |archive-date=2018-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204055620/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/burma-rohingya-myanmar-muslims-united-nations-calls-on-suu-kyi-a7465036.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="IBT-1250">{{cite news |title=New wave of destruction sees 1,250 houses destroyed in Myanmar's Rohingya villages|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/new-wave-destruction-sees-1250-houses-destroyed-myanmars-rohingya-villages-1592582 |newspaper=[[International Business Times]] |date=21 November 2016|access-date=2017-02-09|archive-date=2016-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220101309/http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/new-wave-destruction-sees-1250-houses-destroyed-myanmars-rohingya-villages-1592582|dead-url=no}}</ref> Orang Rohingya mengganggap diri mereka sebagai keturunan etnis Bangladesh Timur (Chittagong) dan [[orang Arab|saudagar Arab]] yang telah menetap di wilayah tersebut beberapa generasi sebelumnya.<ref name="BBC-Who"/> Para ahli telah menyatakan bahwa mereka telah ada di wilayah tersebut sejak abad ke-15.<ref name=Leider>{{cite book|url = http://www.academia.edu/7994939/_Rohingya_The_name_the_movement_the_quest_for_identity._ |title = Rohingya: the name, the movement and the quest for identity|last = Leider|first = Jacques|publisher = Myanmar Egress and the Myanmar Peace Center|year = 2013|isbn = |location = |pages = 204–255|access-date = 2017-02-10|archive-date = 2020-03-01|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200301063914/https://www.academia.edu/7994939/_Rohingya_The_name_the_movement_the_quest_for_identity._|dead-url = yes}}</ref> Namun, mereka telah ditolak kewarganegaraan oleh pemerintah Myanmar, yang mengganggap mereka sebagai imigran ilegal dari Bangladesh.<ref name="BBC-Who"/> Pada masa modern, [[penindasan]] terhadap Muslim Rohingya di Myanmar telah ada sejak tahun 1970-an.<ref name=VOA>{{cite news |title=Rohingya Refugees Seek to Return Home to Myanmar |url=http://www.voanews.com/a/rohingya-refugees-seek-to-return-home-to-myanmar/3617130.html |accessdate=9 December 2016 |newspaper=Voice of America |date=30 November 2016 |archive-date=2016-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202121902/http://www.voanews.com/a/rohingya-refugees-seek-to-return-home-to-myanmar/3617130.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> Semenjak itu, orang Rohingya biasanya telah menjadi sasaran penindasan oleh pemerintah dan [[Nasionalisme|nasionalis]] [[Buddhisme|Buddhis]] .<ref name= ethnic-cleansing>{{cite news |title=Myanmar seeking ethnic cleansing, says UN official as Rohingya flee persecution|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/24/rohingya-flee-to-bangladesh-to-escape-myanmar-military-strikes |newspaper=The Guardian|date=24 November 2016|access-date=2017-02-10|archive-date=2016-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210021346/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/24/rohingya-flee-to-bangladesh-to-escape-myanmar-military-strikes|dead-url=no}}</ref> Ketegangan antara berbagai kelompok keagamaan di negara ini sering dieksploitasi oleh penguasa militer Burma.<ref name="BBC-Who"/>

Menurut laporan negara Myanmar, pada tanggal 9 Oktober 2016, beberapa individu bersenjata menyerang beberapa barak polisi perbatasan di [[Negara Bagian Rakhine]] yang menewaskan sembilan orang polisi.<ref>{{cite news |title=Myanmar says nine police killed by insurgents on Bangladesh border|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/10/myanmar-nine-police-killed-insurgents-bangladesh-border |newspaper=The Guardian |date=10 October 2016|access-date=2017-02-10|archive-date=2021-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308005540/https://web.archive.org/web/20161210021228/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/10/myanmar-nine-police-killed-insurgents-bangladesh-border|dead-url=no}}</ref> Senjata dan amunisi juga dijarah. Serangan besar terjadi di kota Maungdaw negara itu. Identitas para penyerang tetap tidak diketahui, meskipun diyakini kelompok sempalan dari [[Organisasi Solidaritas Rohingya]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Rakhine border raids kill nine police officers |url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/22992-rakhine-border-raids-kill-nine-police-officers.html|publisher=Myanmar Times|date=10 October 2016|accessdate=10 January 2017|archive-date=2017-01-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118050130/http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/22992-rakhine-border-raids-kill-nine-police-officers.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Menyusul insiden barak polisi, militer Myanmar mulai melakukan tindakan kekerasan besar di desa negara bagian Rakhine utara. Dalam operasi awal, puluhan orang tewas dan banyak yang ditangkap.<ref name="Lady-CNN">{{cite web |url= http://edition.cnn.com/2016/11/17/asia/myanmar-rohingya-aung-san-suu-kyi/ |title= Is The Lady listening? Aung San Suu Kyi accused of ignoring Myanmar's Muslims |author= James Griffiths |date= 25 November 2016 |publisher= CNN |access-date= 2017-02-10 |archive-date= 2017-02-17 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170217141500/http://edition.cnn.com/2016/11/17/asia/myanmar-rohingya-aung-san-suu-kyi/ |dead-url= no }}</ref> Karena tindakan kekerasan berlanjut, korban meningkat. Penangkapan sewenang-wenang, [[pembunuhan di luar hukum]], [[pemerkosaan berkelompok]],[[pencabulan]] kebrutalan terhadap warga sipil, dan terjadi [[penjarahan]].<ref name="TI-UN-Kyi"/><ref name=Amnesty-Vicious>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/press-releases/2016/12/myanmar-security-forces-target-rohingya-viscious-scorched-earth-campaign/ |title=Myanmar: Security Forces Target Rohingya During Vicious Rakhine Scorched-Earth Campaign |author= |date=19 December 2016 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |access-date=2017-02-10 |archive-date=2017-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202001842/https://www.amnesty.org/en/press-releases/2016/12/myanmar-security-forces-target-rohingya-viscious-scorched-earth-campaign/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="Shoot-first">{{cite web |url= http://edition.cnn.com/2016/11/15/asia/myanmar-rakhine-state-unrest/ |title= 'Shoot first, ask questions later': Violence intensifies in Rakhine State |author= Joshua Berlinger |date= 16 November 2016 |publisher= CNN |access-date= 2017-02-10 |archive-date= 2016-12-20 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161220145001/http://edition.cnn.com/2016/11/15/asia/myanmar-rakhine-state-unrest/ |dead-url= no }}</ref>