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{{Infobox President
| name=Václav Havel
| image=Vaclav_Havel_IMF.jpg
| caption=Václav Havel berbicara di upacara pembukaan Pertemuan Tahunan [[IMF]]/[[Bank Dunia]], [[Praha]], [[26 September]] [[2000]].
| order=[[Presiden Ceko]] pertama
| term_start=[[2 Februari]] [[1993]]
| term_end=[[2 Februari]] [[2003]]
| predecessor=Tidak ada
| successor=[[Václav Klaus]]
| birth_date={{birth date and age|1936|10|5}}
| birth_place=[[Praha]], [[Cekoslovakia]]
|death_date={{death date and age|2011|12|18|1936|10|5}}
| party=[[Civic Forum]]
|death_place=[[Hrádeček]], [[Republik Ceko]]
| spouse= [[Olga Havlová|Olga Šplíchalová]], [[Dagmar Veškrnová]]
|party=[[Civic Forum]]
| profession=[[Politikus]], [[Penulis]]
|spouse= [[Olga Havlová|Olga Šplíchalová]], [[Dagmar Veškrnová]]
| languagesspoken= [[Bahasa Ceko|Ceko]], [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]], [[Bahasa Rusia|Rusia]]
|profession=[[Politikus]], [[Penulis]]
|}}
|languagesspoken= [[Bahasa Ceko|Ceko]], [[Bahasa Inggris|Inggris]], [[Bahasa Rusia|Rusia]]
|}}
[[Berkas:Národní třída (2010).jpg|jmpl|Václav Havel (2010)]]
'''Václav Havel''', [[List of honorary British Knights|GCB]], [[Order of Canada|CC]], ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]: {{IPA|[ˈvaːʦlaf ˈɦavɛl]}}) ({{lahirmati|[[Praha]]|5|10|1936|[[Hrádeček]]|18|12|2011}}) adalah [[penulis]], [[politikus]], dan [[dramawan]] [[Warga Ceko|Ceko]]. Ia juga adalah [[Presiden Cekoslovakia|Presiden]] [[Cekoslovakia]] (1989-1992) yang ke-10 dan [[Presiden Ceko|Presiden Republik Ceko]] yang pertama (1993-2003).
 
== Karier politik ==
'''Václav Havel''', [[List of honorary British Knights|GCB]], [[Order of Canada|CC]], ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]: {{IPA|[ˈvaːʦlaf ˈɦavɛl]}}) (lahir [[5 Oktober]] [[1936]]) adalah [[penulis]], [[politikus]], dan [[dramawan]] [[Warga Ceko|Ceko]]. Ia juga adalah [[Presiden Cekoslovakia|Presiden]] [[Cekoslovakia]] (1989-1992) yang ke-10 dan [[Presiden Ceko|Presiden Republik Ceko]] yang pertama (1993-2003).
Havel adalah pendiri [[Charta 77]], organisasi anti-[[komunisme]] di [[Cekoslowakia]]. Setelah [[Revolusi Beludru]], yang menandai jatuhnya komunisme di Cekoslowakia pada [[1989]], ia menjadi pemimpin partai demokrasi [[Občanské fórum]]. Pada [[1989]] ia menjadi [[Presiden Cekoslowakia]] berikutnya dan pada [[1993]] menjadi [[Presiden Ceko]] yang pertama – sebuah jabatan yang dipegangnya hingga [[2003]] saat beralih ke tangan [[Vaclav Klaus]].
 
==Karir politikKepenulisan ==
Havel adalah seorang [[dramawan]] namun ia juga telah menulis buku-buku [[puisi]] dan [[esai]]. Ia mendapatkan nama sebagai dramawan pada [[1963]] melalui karya ''[[Zahradní slavnost]]'', yang segera disusul dengan ''[[Vyrozumění]]'' pada [[1965]], yang merupakan karya paling terkenal. Tema sentral dalam karya-karyanya adalah [[pengasingan sosial]]. Kepengarangannya penuh dengan kritik terhadap sistem komunis yang totaliter, akibatnya ia dipaksa keluar dari dunia teater sehingga ia memulai karier politiknya.
Havel adalah pendiri [[Charta 77]], organisasi anti-[[komunisme]] di [[Cekoslowakia]]. Setelah [[Revolusi Beludru]], yang menandai jatuhnya komunisme di Cekoslowakia pada [[1989]], ia menjadi pemimpin partai demokrasi [[Občanské fórum]]. Pada [[1989]] ia menjadi [[Presiden Cekoslowakia]] berikutnya dan pada [[1993]] menjadi [[Presiden Ceko]] yang perama – sebuah jabatan yang dipegangnya hingga [[2003]] saat beralih ke tangan [[Vaclav Klaus]].
 
==Kepenulisan Referensi ==
Havel adalah seorang [[dramawan]] namun ia juga telah menulis buku-buku [[puisi]] dan [[esai]]. Ia mendapatkan nama sebagai dramawan pada [[1963]] melalui karya ''[[Zahradní slavnost]]'', yang segera disusul dengan ''[[Vyrozumění]]'' pada [[1965]], yang merupakan karya paling terkenal. Tema sentral dalam karya-karyanya adalah [[pengasingan sosial]]. Kepengarangannya penuh dengan kritik terhadap sistem komunis yang totaliter, akibatnya ia dipaksa keluar dari dunia teater sehingga ia memulai karir politiknya.
 
* ''Vaclav Havel'' by Eda Kriseová, St Martin's Press 1993 ISBN 0-312-10317-4
== Referensi ==
* ''VaclavActs Havelof Courage'' by EdaCarol KriseováRocamora, StSmith Martin'sand PressKraus 19932004 ISBN 03121031741-57525-344-5
* ''Vaclav Havel: A Political Tragedy in Six Acts'' by John Keane, Basic Books 2000, ISBN 0-465-03719-4 (sample chapter [http://www.johnkeane.net/books/havel/havel.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718173153/http://www.johnkeane.net/books/havel/havel.htm |date=2006-07-18 }})
*''Acts of Courage'' by Carol Rocamora, Smith and Kraus 2004 ISBN 1575253445
* ''Interpreting Václav Havel'' by Walter H. Capp, a Cross Currents study [http://www.crosscurrents.org/capps.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703114922/http://www.crosscurrents.org/capps.htm |date=2007-07-03 }}
*''Vaclav Havel: A Political Tragedy in Six Acts'' by John Keane, Basic Books 2000, ISBN 0465037194 (sample chapter [http://www.johnkeane.net/books/havel/havel.htm])
* ''Vaclav Havel: Civic Responsibility in the Postmodern Age,'' by James F. Pontuso, Rowman & Littlefield 2004, ISBN 0-7425-2256-3 [http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=^DB/CATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0742522555] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506110441/http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=%5EDB%2FCATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0742522555 |date=2007-05-06 }}
*''Interpreting Václav Havel'' by Walter H. Capp, a Cross Currents study [http://www.crosscurrents.org/capps.htm]
*''Vaclav Havel: Civic Responsibility in the Postmodern Age,'' by James F. Pontuso, Rowman & Littlefield 2004, ISBN 0-7425-2256-3 [http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com/Catalog/SingleBook.shtml?command=Search&db=^DB/CATALOG.db&eqSKUdata=0742522555]
 
{{kotak mulai}}
{{kotak suksesi|jabatan=[[Presiden Cekoslowakia]]|pendahulu=Tidak ada|pengganti=[[Gustáv Husák]]|tahun=[[29 Desember]] [[1989]]––[[20 Juli]] [[1992]]}}
{{kotak suksesi|jabatan=[[Presiden Ceko]]|pendahulu=Tidak ada |pengganti=[[Václav Klaus]]|tahun=[[2 Februari]] [[1993]]––[[2 Februari]] [[2003]]}}
{{kotak selesai}}
 
== CatatanReferensi ==
 
{{reflist}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commonscat|Václav Havel}}
 
* ''[http://www.vaclavhavel.cz Václav Havel]'' – Official website (English version)
* [http://www.czech.cz/en/czech-republic/history/famous-czechs-of-the-past-century/vaclav-havel/ Václav Havel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608050606/http://www.czech.cz/en/czech-republic/history/famous-czechs-of-the-past-century/vaclav-havel/ |date=2007-06-08 }}'' – czech.cz
* ''[http://www.livinginthetruth.com livingthetruth.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121144740/http://www.livinginthetruth.com/ |date=2019-01-21 }}'' – "Information relating to the work and philosophies of Václav Havel "appreciation site" ([[fansite]])
* [http://www.prague-life.com/prague/vaclav-havel Havel and Prague]
* [http://www.untitledtheater.com/havel/havel-festival.html Havel Festival] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108060642/http://www.untitledtheater.com/havel/havel-festival.html |date=2015-01-08 }} - a New York festival of all of Havel's works, held in 2006. The web site also includes descriptions of all of Havel's plays.
* [http://www.havel.columbia.edu Havel at Columbia] - website produced for seven-week residency of Havel at Columbia University in the fall 2006
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3McLWPnbtdY "Citizen Havel"] - "short video clip on Havel"
 
=== Works, Wawancara ===
*[http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributors/contributor_comm.php4?id=31 Václav Havel's Project Syndicate op/eds]
*[http://history.hanover.edu/courses/excerpts/165havel.html "Excerpts" from ''The Power of the Powerless'']
*[http://www.lrb.co.uk/v21/n21/zize01_.html Slavoj Zizek's essay on Vaclav Havel, published in ''London Review of Books'']
*[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-15388151.html Capitalism with a human face? (Vaclav Havel's philosophy and musings)]
*[http://www.worldtrans.org/whole/havelspeech.html A speech] arguing for the need for transcendent values in political life.
*[http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june97/havel_5-16a.html Interview] [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june97/havel_5-16.html transcript] at PBS
 
* [http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributors/contributor_comm.php4?id=31 Václav Havel's Project Syndicate op/eds]
=== Biografi, profil, bibliografi ===
* [http://history.hanover.edu/courses/excerpts/165havel.html "Excerpts" from ''The Power of the Powerless'']
*[http://www.radio.cz/en/article/36022 Biography] of Václav Havel hosted by [[Radio Prague]].
* [http://www.lrb.co.uk/v21/n21/zize01_.html Slavoj Zizek's essay on Vaclav Havel, published in ''London Review of Books''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090415033140/http://lrb.co.uk/v21/n21/zize01_.html |date=2009-04-15 }}
*[http://www.untitledtheater.com/havel/havel.html "Celebrating the Life and Art of Václav Havel"] Biography and "timeline" – ''The Havel Festival: Václav Havel'', Untitled Theater Company (''untitledtheater.com''), in conjunction with the residency of Havel at Columbia.
* [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-15388151.html Capitalism with a human face? (Vaclav Havel's philosophy and musings)]
*''[http://havel.columbia.edu/ Havel at Columbia]'':
* [http://www.worldtrans.org/whole/havelspeech.html A speech] arguing for the need for transcendent values in political life.
**[http://havel.columbia.edu/ "Havel at Columbia: Václav Havel: The Artist, The Citizen, The Residency"]: includes biographies and timelines; interviews; profiles; bibliography
* [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june97/havel_5-16a.html Interview] [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june97/havel_5-16.html transcript] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929111050/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/europe/jan-june97/havel_5-16.html |date=2007-09-29 }} at PBS
**[http://havel.columbia.edu/biblio_humanrights.html "Havel at Columbia: Bibliography: Human Rights Archive]
*[http://www.iht.com/articles/2004/10/21/news/havel.php# "Havel, His Memories and the World"], ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'' [[21 October]] [[2004]]. Accessed [[29 April]], [[2007]].
*[http://www.moreorless.au.com/heroes/havel.htm Hero file: Václav Havel] at ''MoreorLess.au.com'' (biography and chronology).
*[http://www.medaloffreedom.com/VaclavHavel.htm United States "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient Vaclav Havel].
*[http://www.artforamnesty.org/aoc/biog_havel.html "Václav Havel Ambassador of Conscience 2003: From Prisoner to President – A Tribute"], at [[Amnesty International]].
*[http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=767 "Václav Havel: Heir to a Spiritual Legacy"], online posting, ''religion-online.org''.
*[http://www.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=9675 Václav Havel's Order of Canada Citation].
*[http://reason.com/0305/fe.mw.velvet.shtml "Velvet President"], ''[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]'' (Mei 2003).
 
=== Biografi, profil, bibliografi ===
[[Kategori:Penulis Ceko|Havel, Václav]]
[[Kategori:Presiden Ceko|Havel, Václav]]
[[kategori:Presiden Cekoslowakia|Havel, Václav]]
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1936|Havel, Václav]]
 
* [http://www.radio.cz/en/article/36022 Biography] of Václav Havel hosted by [[Radio Prague]].
{{bio-stub}}
* [http://www.untitledtheater.com/havel/havel.html "Celebrating the Life and Art of Václav Havel"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116094847/http://untitledtheater.com/havel/havel.html |date=2006-11-16 }} Biography and "timeline" – ''The Havel Festival: Václav Havel'', Untitled Theater Company (''untitledtheater.com''), in conjunction with the residency of Havel at Columbia.
* ''[http://havel.columbia.edu/ Havel at Columbia]'':
** [http://havel.columbia.edu/ "Havel at Columbia: Václav Havel: The Artist, The Citizen, The Residency"]: includes biographies and timelines; interviews; profiles; bibliography
** [http://havel.columbia.edu/biblio_humanrights.html "Havel at Columbia: Bibliography: Human Rights Archive]
* [https://archive.today/20130629121417/www.iht.com/articles/2004/10/21/news/havel.php%23 "Havel, His Memories and the World"], ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'' [[21 October]] [[2004]]. Accessed [[29 April]], [[2007]].
* [http://www.moreorless.au.com/heroes/havel.htm Hero Berkas: Václav Havel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907105910/http://www.moreorless.au.com/heroes/havel.htm |date=2008-09-07 }} at ''MoreorLess.au.com'' (biography and chronology).
* [http://www.medaloffreedom.com/VaclavHavel.htm United States "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient Vaclav Havel].
* [http://www.artforamnesty.org/aoc/biog_havel.html "Václav Havel Ambassador of Conscience 2003: From Prisoner to President – A Tribute"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20060621133537/http://www.artforamnesty.org/aoc/biog_havel.html |date=2006-06-21 }}, at [[Amnesty International]].
* [http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=767 "Václav Havel: Heir to a Spiritual Legacy"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050827041919/http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=767 |date=2005-08-27 }}, online posting, ''religion-online.org''.
* [http://www.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=9675 Václav Havel's Order of Canada Citation]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210181747/http://i.onmeda.de/nav/e1_selbsttests.gif |date=2005-12-10 }}.
* [http://reason.com/0305/fe.mw.velvet.shtml "Velvet President"], ''[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]'' (Mei 2003).
 
{{Gandhi Peace Prize |state=collapsed}}
{{Link FA|eo}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Havel, Václav}}
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[[ja:ヴァーツラフ・ハヴェル]]
[[ko:바츨라프 하벨]]
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[[mr:वाक्लाव हावेल]]
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[[uk:Гавел Вацлав]]
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[[zh:瓦茨拉夫·哈维尔]]
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