Papirus Bodmer: Perbedaan antara revisi

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The Bodmer Papyri were found in 1952 at Pabau near Dishna, [[Egypt]], the ancient headquarters of the [[Pachomius|Pachomian order]] of monks; the discovery site is not far from [[Nag Hammadi]], where the secreted [[Nag Hammadi library]] had been found some years earlier. The [[manuscript]]s were covertly assembled by a Cypriote, Phokio Tano of Cairo, then smuggled to Switzerland,<ref>A. H. M. Kessels and P. W. Van Der Horst, "The Vision of Dorotheus (Pap. Bodmer 29): Edited with Introduction, Translation and Notes", ''Vigiliae Christianae'' '''41'''.4 (December 1987, pp. 313-359, p 313.</ref> where they were bought by Martin Bodmer (1899–1971). The series ''Papyrus Bodmer'' began to be published in 1954, giving transcriptions of the texts with note and introduction in French and a French translation. The Bodmer Papyri, now conserved in the Bibliotheca Bodmeriana, in Cologny, outside [[Geneva]],<ref>Some papyri from the same provenance escaped Martin Bodmer and are conserved elsewhere. Sir [[Alfred Chester Beatty]] acquired some of the material, and further material is at [[Oxford, Mississippi]], [[Cologne]] and [[Barcelona]]. For convenience scholars call these as well, "Bodmer Papyri". (''Anchor Bible Dictionary'').</ref> are not a [[gnostic]] cache, like the Nag Hammadi Library: they bear some pagan as well as Christian texts, parts of some thirty-five books in all, in [[Coptic language|Coptic]]<ref>Texts in the [[Bohairic]] dialect of Coptic had not previously been known older than the ninth century (6. p 51.</ref> and in [[Ancient Greek|Greek]]. With fragments of correspondence, the number of individual texts represented reaches to fifty.<ref>''Anchor Bible Dictionary''.</ref> Most of the works are in [[codex]] form, a few in [[scroll]]s. Three are written on [[parchment]]. ▼

Books V and VI of Homer's ''[[Iliad]]'' (P¹), and three comedies of [[Menander]] (''[[Dyskolos]]'' (P⁴), ''[[Samia (play)|Samia]]'' and ''[[Aspis (play)|Aspis]]'') appear among the Bodmer Papyri, as well as gospel texts: [[Papyrus 66]] (P⁶⁶), is a text of the [[Gospel of John]],<ref>John 1:1-6:11, 6:35b-14:26 and fragments of forty other pages of John 14-21.</ref> dating around 200CE, in the manuscript tradition called the [[Alexandrian text-type]]. Aside from the papyrus fragment in the [[Rylands Library Papyrus P52]], it is the oldest testimony for John; it omits the passage concerning the moving of the waters (John 5:3b-4) and the [[pericope adulterae|pericope of the woman taken in adultery]] (John 7:53-8:11). P⁷² is the earliest known copy of the [[Epistle of Jude]], and 1 and 2 Peter. [[Papyrus 75]] (P⁷⁵) is a partial codex containing most of Luke and John. Comparison of the two versions of John in the Bodmer Papyri with the third-century [[Chester Beatty Papyri]] convinced Floyd V. Filson that "...there was no uniform text of the Gospels in Egypt in the third century."<ref>"A comparison of all three, which had their origins in Egypt, shows that there was no uniform text of the Gospels in Egypt in the third century." (Filson 1962: 52).</ref> ▼

There are also Christian texts that would become declared [[apocrypha]]l in the fourth century, such as the ''[[Infancy Gospel of James]]''. There is a Greek-Latin [[lexicon]] to some of Paul's letters, and there are fragments of [[Melito of Sardis]]. Among the works is a Christian ''Vision of Dorotheus'', son of "Quintus the poet" assumed to be the pagan poet [[Quintus Smyrnaeus]], written in archaising [[Homer]]ic [[hexameter]]s, the earliest Christian hexameter poem ([[Papyrus 29|P²⁹]]). The earliest extant copy of the [[Third Epistle to the Corinthians]] is published in ''Bodmer Papryri X''. ▼

The collection includes some non-literary material, such as a collection of letters from the abbots of the monastery of Saint Pachomius, raising the possibility that the unifying circumstance in the collection is that all were part of a monastic library.<ref>Kessels and Van der Horst 1987:214.</ref> ▼