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Baris 9: \| combatant1 = {{flagicon image\|Flag of the Republic of China.svg}} [[Republik China (1912–1949)\|Republik China]] \| combatant2 = {{flagcountry\|Empire of Japan}}<br>{{flag\|Manchukuo}} \| commander1 = {{flagicon\|Republic of China}} [[Chiang Kai-shek~~]]<br>{{flagicon\|Republic of China}} [[Zhang Xueliang~~]]<br>{{flagicon\|Republic of China}} [[He Yingqin]]<br>{{flagicon\|Republic of China}} [[Song Zheyuan]] \| commander2 = {{flagicon\|Empire of Japan}} [[Nobuyoshi Muto]]<br>{{flagicon\|Manchukuo}} [[Chang Hai-peng]] \| strength1 = '''[[Tentara Timur Laut]]:''' 50,000+ Baris 17: \| campaignbox = {{Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua}} }} [[Berkas:Greatwall 1933 japan.jpg\|jmpl\|TEMBOK CHINA YGY]] '''Pertahanan Tembok Raksasa''' ({{zh\|t=長城抗戰\|s=长城抗战\|p=Chángchéng Kàngzhàn}}) (1 Januari 1933 – 31 Mei 1933) adalah sebuah [[pertempuran\|kampanye militer]] yang berlangsung antara para pasukan [[Republik China (1912–1949)\|Republik China]] dan [[Kekaisaran Jepang]], yang terjadi sebelum [[Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua]] yang secara resmi meletus pada 1937. Peristiwa tersebut dikenal dalam [[bahasa Jepang]] sebagai {{nihongo\| '''Operasi Nekka'''\|熱河作戦\|Nekka Sakusen}} dan dalam beberapa sumber berbahasa Inggris sebagai '''Pertempuran Hopei Pertama'''. Pada kampanye tersebut, Japan berhasil menduduki provinsi [[Mongolia Dalam]] di [[Rehe (provinsi)\|Rehe]] dari [[panglima perang]] [[Republik China (1912–1949)\|Tiongkok]] [[Zhang Xueliang]] dan menganeksasinya menjadi bagian dari negara baru [[Manchukuo]]. == Referensi == * {{cite book \|last = Guo \|first = Rugui Baris 32: \|isbn = 7-214-03034-9 }} * {{cite book \|last = Young \|first = Louise \|year = 1999 \|title = Japan's Total Empire: Manchuria and the Culture of Wartime Imperialism \|url = https://archive.org/details/japanstotalempir0000youn_k7f1 \|publisher = University of California Press \|location = Baris 42 ⟶ 43: }} == Pranala luar == * [http://www.republicanchina.org/Battle_of_the_Great_Wall.pdf Battles of the Great Wall] * [http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/history.htm The History of Battles of Imperial Japanese Tanks] * [http://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=102309&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=24 Jehol 1933] Japanese photos from Operation Nekka. * [http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744070,00.html Aug. 1, 1932 issue of ''TIME'' magazine Rape of Jehol?]{{Pranala mati\|date=Maret 2021 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744960,00.html Jan. 23, 1933 issue of ''TIME'' magazine, "On Bended Knee"] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721080103/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744960,00.html \|date=2013-07-21 }} * [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745202,00.html?iid=chix-sphere Feb. 27, 1933 issue of ''TIME'' magazine, Bumps & Blood] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521024144/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745202,00.html?iid=chix-sphere \|date=2013-05-21 }} * [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745247,00.html Mar. 6, 1933 issue of ''TIME'' magazine War of Jehol] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721074249/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745247,00.html \|date=2013-07-21 }} * [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745246,00.html Mar. 6, 1933 issue of ''TIME'' magazine, Two-Gun Tang] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721074346/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745246,00.html \|date=2013-07-21 }} * [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745307,00.html Mar. 13, 1933 issue of ''TIME'' magazine Glorious 16th] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721074313/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,745307,00.html \|date=2013-07-21 }} * [http://www.great-wallofchina.com/how-was-the-great-wall-of-china-defended.html How was the great wall of china defended] === Peta Topografi === * [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/manchuria/txu-oclc-6614368-nk50-11.jpg Cheng-te nk50-11] SW Jehol Province, SE Chahar Province, NW Hebei Province(north of Beijing, Gubeikou Pass) * [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/manchuria/txu-oclc-6614368-nk50-12.jpg Lin-yu nk50-12] S Jehol Province, NE Hebei Province, Great Wall to Shanhaikuan upper Luan River area * [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/china/txu-oclc-10552568-nj50-4.jpg Ch'ang-Li nj50-4] NE Hebei Luan River area [[Kategori:Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua]]