Pengepungan Tobruk: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(14 revisi perantara oleh 4 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 4:
|image = [[Berkas:AustraliansAtTobruk.jpg|300px]]
|caption = Pasukan Australia sedang menduduki posisi garis depan di Tobruk
|date = 10 April – 27 November 1941,
|place = [[Tobruk]], [[Libya Italia|Libya]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|32|04|34|N|23|57|41|E|display=INLINE,title}}
Baris 11:
* {{flagicon|Kemaharajaan Britania}} [[Kemaharajaan Britania|India]]
{{flagicon|Polandia}} [[Pasukan Bersenjata Polandia di Barat]]<br />{{flagicon|Cekoslowakia}} [[pemerintahan dalam pengasingan Cekoslowakia|Pasukan Cekoslowakia Merdeka]]
|combatant2 = {{flagicon|Jerman NaziItalia|1861}} [[JermanKerajaan Italia Nazi(1861–1946)|JermanItalia]]<br />{{flagicon|Italia|1861Nazi Jerman}} [[Kerajaan(sejak Italia12 (1861–1946April 1941)|Italia]]
|commander1 = {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Leslie Morshead]] (April–September 1941)<br />{{flagicon|Britania Raya}} [[Ronald Scobie]] (September–November 1941)
|commander2 = {{flagicon|Jerman NaziItalia|1861}} [[ErwinRodolfo RommelGraziani]]
|strength1 = 27,000
|strength2 = 35,000
Baris 27:
;Buku
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Chappell|1996}}
|last=Chappell|first=M.|title=Army Commandos 1940–1945|url=https://archive.org/details/armycommandos1940000chap
|year=1996|series=Elite Series|number=64|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|isbn=1-85532-579-9}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Creveld|1977}}
|last=Creveld|first=M. van|authorlink=Martin van Creveld|title=Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton|url=https://archive.org/details/supplyingwarlogi0000vanc
|year=1977|location=Cambridge|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=0-521-29793-1}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Dominioni|Izzo|1967}}
|series=Testimonianze fra cronaca e storia|number=203|title=Takfír: Cronaca dell'ultima Battaglia di Alamein|language=Italian|last1=Dominioni|first1=P. C.|last2=Izzo|first2=G.|year=1967|publisher=Ugo Mursia Editore|location=Milano|edition=|oclc=163936563}}
Baris 35 ⟶ 37:
|last1=Greene|first=J.|last2=Massignani|first2=A.|title=Rommel's North Africa Campaign: September 1940 – November 1942|year=1994|publisher=Combined Books|location=Conshohocken, PA|isbn=0-58519-391-6}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Harrison|1996}}
|first=F.|last=Harrison|title=Tobruk: The Great Siege Reassessed|url=https://archive.org/details/tobrukgreatsiege0000harr
|publisher=Brockhampton Press|location=London|year=1999|origyear=1996|isbn=1-86019-986-0}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|ITOH|1974}}
|series=Ufficio storico|title=La Prima controffensiva italo-tedesca in Africa settentrionale: (15 febbraio – 18 novembre 1941)|language=Italian|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|authorlink=|year=1974|publisher=Ministero della difesa, Stato maggiore dell'Esercito|location=Roma|edition=|oclc=13007244}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Lewin|1998}}
|last=Lewin|first=R.|year=1998|orig-year=1968|title=Rommel As Military Commander|url=https://archive.org/details/rommelasmilitary0000lewi
|publisher=B&N Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-7607-0861-3}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Luck|1989}}
|last=von Luck|first=H.|author-link=Hans von Luck|title=Panzer Commander: The Memoirs of Colonel Hans von Luck|url=https://archive.org/details/panzercommander00hans
|year=1989|location=New York|publisher=Dell (Random House)|isbn=0-440-20802-5}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Maughan|1966}}
|last=Maughan|first=B.|url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/RCDIG1070202/|series=Australia in the War of 1939–1945 Series 1 (Army)|title=Tobruk and El Alamein|volume=III|year=1966|publisher=Australian War Memorial|location=Canberra|oclc=954993}}
Baris 51 ⟶ 56:
|url=http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2Tobr-_N66107.html|series=The Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–1945|title=The Relief of Tobruk|accessdate=18 March 2015|last=Murphy|first=W. E.|authorlink=|editor-last=Fairbrother|editor-first=M. C.|year=1961|publisher=War History Branch, Department of Internal Affairs|location=Wellington, NZ|oclc=846906679}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Neillands|2004}}
|last=Neillands|first=R.|title=Eighth Army: From the Western Desert to the Alps|url=https://archive.org/details/eightharmyfromwe0000neil
|year=2004|publisher=John Murray|location=London|isbn=0-7195-5647-3}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Playfair|Stitt|Molony|Toomer|1954}}
|last1=Playfair|first1=Major-General I. S. O.|author1-link=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair|first2=Commander G. M. S.|last2=Stitt [[Royal Navy|RN]]|first3=Brigadier C. J. C.|last3=Molony|first4=Air Vice-Marshal S. E.|last4=Toomer|editor-last=Butler|editor-first=J. R. M.|editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler|series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series|title=The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941)|volume=I|publisher=HMSO|year=1959|orig-year=1954|others=3rd impression|oclc=888934805|lastauthoramp=y}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Playfair|Flynn|Molony|Toomer|2004a}}
|last1=Playfair|first1=Major-General I. S. O. |first2=Captain F. C.|last2=Flynn RN|first3=Brigadier C. J. C.|last3=Molony|first4=Air Vice-Marshal S. E.|last4=Toomer|editor-last=Butler|editor-first=J. R. M.|series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series|title=The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Germans come to the help of their Ally (1941)|volume=II|publisher=Naval & Military Press|year=2004|orig-year=1st. pub. [[HMSO]] 1956|isbn=1-84574-066-1|lastauthoramp=y}}
* {{cite book|ref={{harvid|Playfair|Flynn|Molony|Gleave|2004b}}
|last1=Playfair|first1=Major-General I. S. O.|last2=Flynn|first2=Captain F. C. RN|last3=Molony|first3=Brigadier C. J. C.|last4=Gleave|first4=Group Captain T. P.|editor-last=Butler|editor-first=Sir James|series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series|title=The Mediterranean and Middle East: British Fortunes reach their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942)|volume=III|publisher=Naval & Military Press|location=Uckfield, UK|year=2004|orig-year=1st. pub. HMSO:1960|isbn=1-84574-067-X|lastauthoramp=y}}
Baris 70 ⟶ 76:
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book|last=Beaumont|first=J.|year=1996|title=Australia's War, 1939–45|location=Melbourne|publisher=Allen & Unwin|isbn=1-86448-039-4}}
* {{cite book|title=Tobruk: The Great Siege, 1941–42|url=https://archive.org/details/tobrukgreatsiege0000buck|first=W. F.|last=Buckingham|publisher=Tempus|location=Stroud|year=2012|isbn=0-75244-501-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Combes|first=D.|title=Morshead: Hero of Tobruk and El Alamein|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Melbourne|year=2001|isbn=0-19-551398-3}}
* {{cite book|series=Australian Army History Series|title=Armies of Empire: The 9th Australian and 50th British divisions in Battle 1939–1945|first=A.|last=Converse|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=London|year=2011|isbn=0-52119-480-6}}
* {{cite book|first=P.|last=FitzSimons|authorlink=Peter FitzSimons|title=Tobruk|url=https://archive.org/details/tobruk0000fitz|location=Sydney|publisher=Harper Collins|year=2006|isbn=0-7322-7645-4}}
* {{cite book|last=Glassop|first=L.|year=1992|orig-year=1944|title=We Were the Rats|location=Sydney|publisher=Angus & Robertson|edition=Penguin|isbn=0-14-014924-4}}
* {{cite book|series=Air Vanguard|title=Junkers Ju 87 Stuka|first=M.|last=Guardia|publisher=Osprey|location=Oxford|year=2014|isbn=1-47280-119-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Hoffman|first=K.|title=Erwin Rommel|url=https://archive.org/details/erwinrommel0000hoff|year=2004|publisher=Brassey's|location=London|isbn=1-85753-374-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Hunt|first=Sir D.|authorlink=David Hunt (diplomat)|year=1990|title=A Don at War|url=https://archive.org/details/donatwar0000hunt|location=London|publisher=F. Cass|origyear=1966|edition=rev.|isbn=0-7146-3383-6}}
* {{cite book|first=T. L.|last=Jentz|title=Tank Combat In North Africa: The Opening Rounds, Operations Sonnenblume, Brevity, Skorpion and Battleaxe, February 1941 – June 1941|publisher=Schiffer|year=1998|location=Atglen, PN|isbn=0-7643-0226-4}}
* {{cite book|first=M.|last=Johnston|title=That Magnificent 9th: An Illustrated History of the 9th Australian Division|publisher=Allen & Unwin|location=London|year=2003|isbn=1-86508-654-1}}
Baris 93 ⟶ 99:
 
;Situs web
* {{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=2/43 Infantry Battalion War Diary, April 1941|url=https://static.awm.gov.au/images/collection/bundled/RCDIG1026557.pdf|accessdate=5 April 2015|publisher=Australian War Memorial|chapter=Appendix No. 30: Summary No. 2, entry for 16 April|pages=111–112|location=Canberra|id=RCDIG1026557|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084734/https://static.awm.gov.au/images/collection/bundled/RCDIG1026557.pdf|dead-url=yes}}
* {{cite web |first=W. A. |last=Miller |url=http://www.cgsc.edu/carl/resources/csi/miller/miller.asp |publisher=U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Combat Studies Institute |location=Fort Leavenworth, KN |year=1986 |title=The 9th Australian Division Versus the Africa Corps: An Infantry Division Against Tanks: Tobruk, Libya, 1941 |accessdate=5 April 2015 |oclc=815355690 |archive-date=2010-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225041650/http://www.cgsc.edu/carl/resources/csi/miller/miller.asp |dead-url=yes }}
* {{cite web |url=http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/toppe.pdf |format=PDF |title=German Experiences in Desert Warfare During World War II |accessdate=5 April 2015 |last=Toppe |first=''Generalmajor'' A. |origyear=~1947 |year=1991 |publisher=U.S. Army General Command and Staff College |location=Fort Leavenworth, KS |oclc=58531612}}
{{Refend}}
Baris 100 ⟶ 106:
== Pranala luar ==
{{commons category|World War II in North Africa|Siege of Tobruk}}
* [http://www.kki.pl/piojar/brygad/brygad/tobruk/tobruk_e.html Polish Carpathian Brigade in the defence of Tobruk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501071125/http://www.kki.pl/piojar/brygad/brygad/tobruk/tobruk_e.html |date=2008-05-01 }}
* [http://www.kki.krakow.pl/piojar/brygad/brygad/tobruk/tobruk_e.html The Characteristic of Tobruk defence in 1941] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040604014150/http://www.kki.krakow.pl/piojar/brygad/brygad/tobruk/tobruk_e.html |date=2004-06-04 }}
* [http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/tobruk/ Australian War Memorial – Siege of Tobruk]