John Adams: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Infobox President |name=John Adams

|term_start=4 Maret 1797

|term_end=4 Maret 1801

|predecessor=[[George Washington]]

|successor=[[Thomas Jefferson]]

|birth_place=[[Quincy, Massachusetts|Quincy]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Britania Amerika]]

|death_date={{death date and age|mf=yes|1826|07|4|1735|10|30}}

|restingplace=[[United First Parish Church, Quincy, Massachusetts]]

|restingplacecoordinates={{coord|42.25111|-71.00361}}

|occupation=[[Pengacara]]

|alma_mater=[[Harvard College]]

|party=[[United States Federalist Party|Federalist]]

|vicepresident=[[Thomas Jefferson]]

}}

 

 

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He was defeated for re-election in the "Revolution of 1800" by [[Thomas Jefferson]]. Adams was a sponsor of the [[American Revolution]] in [[Massachusetts]], and a diplomat in the 1770s. He was a driving force for independence in 1776; in fact, the "Colossus of Independence," in Jefferson's understanding. As a statesman and author Adams helped define a set of [[republicanism|republican ideals]] that became the core of America's political value system: the rejection of hereditary monarchy in favor of rule by the people, hatred of corruption, and devotion to civic duty. As President he was frustrated by battles inside his own [[United States Federalist Party|Federalist]] party against a faction led by [[Alexander Hamilton]], but he broke with them to avert a major conflict with France in 1798, during the [[Quasi-War]] crisis. He became the founder of an important family of politicians, diplomats and historians, and [[Historical rankings of United States Presidents|in recent years his reputation has been rising.]] Historian Robert Rutland concluded, ''"[[James Madison|Madison]] was the great intellectual ... [[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] the ... unquenchable idealist, and [[Benjamin Franklin|Franklin]] the most charming and versatile genius... but Adams is the most captivating founding father on most counts."''<ref>Ellis, p. 230.</ref>

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Kala itu Amerika memiliki Partai Republik dan Partai Federalis. Kemarahan di dalam partai federalis memecah partai tersebut menjadi dua bagian, dan akibat perpecahan besar dalam partainya, Presiden John Adams kalah dalam pemilihan presiden berikutnya.

 

 

 

Semoga hanya orang-orang yang jujur dan bijaksanalah yang akan memerintah di gedung ini.}}

 

Presiden [[Franklin Roosevelt]] kemudian mengukirkan kata-kata itu di atas tempat perapian kamar makan kenegaraan Gedung Putih. John Adams meninggalkan Gedung Putih pada tahun [[1801]]. Ia menyaksikan putranya [[John Quincy Adams]], dilantik menjadi Presiden Amerika yang ke enam pada tahun 1824.

 

 

* [[1799]] Pada [[30 Januari]] ''Logan Act'' (undang-undang Logan) yang melarang surat menyurat antara musuh negara-negara asing.

:''Fries's rebellion'' (pemberontakan Fries) pertikaian bersenjata oleh petani-petani dari Pensilvania dipimpin oleh John Fries untuk memprotes pajak federal atas tanah dan rumah, pemberontakan ini dipadamkan oleh tentara federal.

 

: [[10 Mei]] ''Harrison Land Act'' (undang-undang pertanahan Harrison) dibuat untuk membantu pembelian tanah oleh perseorangan.

:[[1 November]] Adams pindah ke [[Gedung Putih]] yang masih belum selesai.

 

* [[1801]]

: [[31 Januari]] [[John Marshall]] menjadi Jaksa Agung dari Makamah Agung (Supreme Court)

: DPR menunjuk [[Thomas Jefferson]] untuk menjadi presiden, mengalahkan [[Aaron Burr]],pemilu electoral (electoral college) pada tahun 1800 memperlihatkan hasil yang imbang.

 

== Referensi ==

|years=[[21 April]] [[1789]]^(c)–[[4 Maret]] [[1797]]}}

{{succession box

|before=''(Tidak ada)''

|after=[[Thomas Pinckney]] ^(b)

|years=[[Pemilihan Presiden Amerika Serikat, 1796|1796]] (menang), [[Pemilihan Presiden Amerika Serikat, 1800|1800]] (kalah)}}

{{succession box

|before=[[George Washington]]

|after=[[Thomas Jefferson]]

|years=[[4 Maret]] [[1797]] – [[4 Maret]] [[1801]]}}

{{succession box

|before=[[George Washington]]

|after=[[James Madison]]

{{USpresidents}}

{{US Vice Presidents}}

 

{{DEFAULTSORT:Adams, John}}