Simbol Islam: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Islam]] adalah [[agama Abrahamik]] [[Monoteisme|monoteis]] yang hanya mengakui [[Tauhid|satu]] [[Allah (Islam)|Tuhan]], yakni [[Allah]] dan [[Muhammad]] adalah nabi terakhir utusan Allah. Agama ini menjadi [[agama terbesar]] kedua yang dianut [[Penghuni Bumi|penduduk Bumi]], dengan jumlah pengikut 1,9 miliar orang serta membentuk 24,4% penduduk Bumi.

|[[Bulan sabit]] ([[wikt:hilal#English|Hilāl]]Hilal)

|AdalahAllah adalah [[nama diri]] Tuhan dalam agama Islam dan digunakan oleh seluruh umat Muslim tanpa memandang bahasa yang dituturkan. Ditulis dalam [[kaligrafi Islam|kaligrafi]] serta menjadi simbol universal Islam dalam [[dunia Islam]]. Dalam Unicode: ({{unichar|FDF2}})

|Tanda bintang ini digunakan untuk menandai satuseperempat [[hizb]] al-Qur'an. Juga digunakan sebagai bendera atau lambang khususnya [[Fez]] pada masa [[Kesultanan Mariniyah]]. Dalam Unicode: ({{unichar|06DE|}})

|Khatim diyakiniadalah sebagaisebutan stempel darikepada Nabi [[Muhammad]] yang bermakna "[[Penutup Para Nabi]]". Istilah ini diyakini untuk menandai status Nabi Muhammad sebagai [[nabi]] terakhir [[Islam]] dan tidak ada lagi nabi sesudahnya.

|Dalam al-Qur'an tanda ini menunjukkan [[Ayat sajdah|ayat-ayat sajadahsajdah]]. Pembacanya disyariatkan untuk [[sujud]]. Dalam Unicode: ({{unichar|06E9}})

== Warna dan bendera ==

EarlyPrajurit-prajurit IslamicMuslim armiesdan andkafilah caravansmereka flewmenggunakan simple solid-colouredwarna flagspolos (generallyumumnya blackhitam oratau whiteputih) forsebagai identificationbendera purposespengenal, with the exception of thekecuali [[BlackStandar Standard#OriginHitam|YoungBendera EagleElang Muda]] ofmilik Muḥammad,Muhammad whichyang hadmenuliskan thesyahadat ''[[shahada]]''yang inscribeddituliskan upondi itatasnya.<ref>It wasDalam extractedgenerasi by at-Ṭabarānī in al-Awsaṭ: Ahmad bin Rashdine narrated that Abdul Ghaffar bin Dawud Saleh al-Harrani said: Hayyan bin Obeidillah told us that Abu Mijlaz Laheq bin Humeid narrated on authority of Ibn Abbas who said: “The flag of the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم was black and his banner whiteselanjutnya, writtenpara on it: There is no deity but God, and Muḥammad is His Messenger.”</ref> In later generations, thepemimpin Muslim leaders continued to use amenggunakan simplebendera blackhijau, whitehitam, oratau greenputih flagtanpa withtulisan noatau markings,simbolisme. writings,Sementara or symbolism on it. Theitu [[Umayyad|UmayyadsKekhalifahan Umayyah]] foughtberperang underdengan whitepanji andputih golddan bannersemas. The [[Abbasid|AbbasidsKekhalifahan Abbasiyah]] chosemenggunakan blackbendera hitam (bluekebiruan) anddan foughtberperang withdengan blackpanji bannershitam. The [[Fatimid|FatimidsKekhalifahan Fathimiyah]] usedmenggunakan abendera greenhijau standard,serta as well as whiteputih. The Saudi [[Emirate of Diriyah]] usedmenggunakan abendera whiteputih anddan greenhijau flagdengan with the shahada emblazoned on itsyahadat. VariousSejumlah countries in thenegara [[PersianTeluk GulfPersia|Teluk]] havememiliki redbendera flagsmerah. The fourEmpat [[warna Pan-Arab colours]], whiteputih, blackhitam, greenhijau, anddan red,merah dominatemendominasi thewarna flagsbendera ofnegara Arab states.<ref>[https://www.fotw.info/flags/islam.html Islamic flags<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610083309/https://www.fotw.info/FLagS/islam.html|date=2007-06-10}}</ref><ref>[http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197802/flags.of.the.arab.world.htm Saudi Aramco World : Flags of the Arab World<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

=== MeaningsMakna ===

* {{Color box|#008142|border=darkgray}} GreenHijau – TheWarna silksutra anddan pillowsbantal ofdi [[Jannah]] are(Surga) believedadalah to be greenhijau.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://quran.com/76/21|title=Surah Al-Insan - 21

* {{Color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} WhitePutih – ConsideredSimbol thekesucian purestjiwa anddan cleanest color in Islam and the colorraga, ofjuga thesebagai flagbendera ofNabi MuḥammadMuhammad, the [[Black Standard#Origin|Young Eagleal-Liwa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2012/03/26/wearing-white-clothes|title=Hadith on Clothing - Recommendation to wear white clothing|language=en|access-date=7 December 2021|website=Faith in Allah}}</ref><ref>Dari Jabir bin Abdillah: Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم memasuki Mekkah dengan bendera putih. (HR. An-Nasā’īNasa'i dan at-Tirmidzi)</ref>

ThePanji BlackHitam Standarddiyakini isdalam onetradisi ofIslam thesebagai flagsbendera flownyang bypernah dikibarkan Muhammad indengan Muslimnama traditionar-Rayah. ItDalam wassejarahnya historicallyjuga useddikibarkan byoleh [[Abu Muslim]] inAl hisKhurasany|Abu uprisingMuslim]] leadingyang toberupaya themenumbangkan [[AbbasidKekhalifahan RevolutionAbbasiyah]] inpada 747 and is also associated with thedalam [[AbbasidRevolusi CaliphateAbbasiyah]]. ItSimbol isini alsojuga adipakai symbol and is associated withdalam [[Islamiceskatologi eschatologyIslam]] ([[Hadithhadis ofbendera black flags|heralding the advent of thehitam]] [[Imam Mahdi]]).<ref name="Note01catatan01" group="Notecatatan" /> ThePanji Blackhitam Banner,berbeda whichdengan isbendera different[[Negara fromIslam theIrak flagdan used by [[ISILSyam]]. ScholarsSejumlah havepakar interpretedmenduga ISIL'sbahwa usebendera ofhitam adigunakan similaroleh blackNIIS flagsebagai inmengupayakan attemptsklaim tomereka their claim to re-establishingmendirikan akekhalifahan Caliphatebaru.{{Clear}}

=== StarBulan andsabit Crescentdan bintang ===

[[Berkas:Ottoman_flag_alternative_2.svg|kiri|jmpl|TheBendera OttomanTurki flagUtsmani]]

TheBulan crescentsabit isbanyak usuallydikaitkan associated withdengan Islam and regardeddan asdianggap itssebagai symbolsimbolnya. TheSimbol crescentbulan anddan starbintang symbolini becamedigunakan stronglypaling associatedumum with thedalam [[OttomanKesultanan EmpireUtsmaniyah]] inpada theabad 19th centuryke-19. ByDengan extensionpenggunaannya fromdi thewilayah use in Ottoman landsUtsmaniyah, Itsimbol becametersebut amenjadi symbol also forsimbol Islam assecara a wholekeseluruhan, as well as representative ofterutama westernbagi [[OrientalismOrientalis]] Barat. "CrescentBulan andsabit Stardan bintang" wasjuga usedmenjadi asmetafora auntuk metaphorkekuasaan for the rule of the Islamic empiresIslam (OttomanUtsmaniyah anddan [[QajarDinasti dynasty|PersianQajar]] (Persia) inpada theakhir lateabad 19th centuryke-19 indalam Britishliteratur literatureBritania.<ref>e.g. A. Locher, "With Star and Crescent: A Full and Authentic Account of a Recent Journey with a Caravan from Bombay to Constantinople"; Andrew Haggard, "Under Crescent and Star" (1895).</ref> ThisKeterkaitan associationini wasjuga apparentlydikuatkan strengtheneddengan bypenggunaan thesimbol increasinglytersebut ubiquitoussebagai fashionornamen ofhias usingdi themasjid crescentdan andmenara stardi symbolKesultanan in the ornamentation of Ottoman mosques and minaretsUtsmaniyah.<ref>"MosqueMasjid anddan minaretmenara aredikelilingi surountedbulan by crescentssabit; theudara airbersinar glowingdi overatas theTanduk Golden Horn isEmas, as it were, full ofseolah-olah moonspurnama." [[Hezekiah Butterworth]], ''The Zigzag Series'' (1882), p. 481.</ref> By contrastNamun, themayoritas majoritypublikasi ofIslam religiousmenyebut Islamicbahwa publicationssimbol emphasizetersebut that the crescent is rejectedditolak "byoleh somesebagian [[Muslim scholarsulama]]".<ref name="Fazli2009">"ManyBanyak Muslimulama scholarsmenolak rejectmenggunakan usingbulan thesabit crescentsebagai moon as a symbol ofsimbol Islam. TheIman faithIslam of Islamsecara historicallyhistoris hadtidak nomemiliki symbolsimbol, anddan manybanyak refuseyang tomenolak acceptuntuk itmenerimanya." Fiaz Fazli, ''Crescent'' magazine, [[Srinagar]], September 2009, [https://books.google.com/books?id=8oBW-sQ_dpIC&pg=PA42 p. 42].</ref> TheLambang "RedBulan Sabit CrescentMerah" emblemdigunakan wasoleh adopted by volunteers of therelawan [[InternationalPalang CommitteeMerah ofdan theBulan RedSabit CrossMerah]] (ICRC)khususnya as early as 1877 during thesejak [[RussoPerang Rusia-TurkishTurki War(1877–1878)]]; it waskemudian officiallyresmi adopteddigunakan inpada 1929.<ref>Mohd Elfie Nieshaem Juferi, {{cite web|title=What Is The Significance Of The Crescent Moon In Islam?|url=https://www.bismikaallahuma.org/polemical-rebuttals/crescent-moon-in-islam/|website=bismikaallahuma.org|access-date=September 21, 2017}}</ref>

AfterSetelah theUtsmaniyah collapseruntuh of the Ottoman Empire inpada 1922, thebulan crescentdan andbintang stardigunakan wasoleh usednegara in several national flags adopted by its successor statespenerusnya. InPada 1947, aftersetelah thePakistan independence of Pakistanmerdeka, flag ofbendera Pakistan wasmemuat whitebulan crescentbintang anddengan starwarna withhijau asebagai greenlatar backgroundbelakangnya. TheBulan crescentbintang andpada star in the flag of thebendera [[Kingdom ofKerajaan Libya]] (1951) wasbanyak explicitlymengaitkan givensimbol antersebut Islamic interpretation by associating it withdengan "the story ofkisah [[Hijra (Islam)|Hijrahijrah]] (migration) of our ProphetNabi MohammedMuhammad"<ref>TheSimbolisme symbolismbulan ofbintang the star and crescent in the flag of thebendera [[Kingdom ofKerajaan Libya]] (1951-1969) wasdijelskan explained in andalam Englishbuku languageberbahasa bookletInggris, ''The Libyan Flag & The National Anthem'', issuedditerbitkan byoleh theKementerian MinistryInformasi ofdan InformationPenerangan and Guidance of the Kingdom ofKerajaan Libya (yeartahun tidak unknowndiketahui, citeddikutip aftermenurut Jos Poels atpada [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/Flags/ly_1951.html FOTW], 1997) assebagai followsberikut: "TheBulan crescentsabit isadalah symbolicsimbol ofawal themenurut beginningkalender of the lunar month according to the Muslim calendarIslam. ItHal bringsini backmembawa tokami ourkepada minds the story ofkisah [[Hijra (Islam)|Hijrahijrah]] (migration) of our Prophet Mohammed fromnabi hiskita homeMuhammad indari orderMekkah tountuk spreadmenyebarkan Islam andserta teachmengajarkan thekebenaran principlesdan of right and virtuekeadilan. TheBintang Starmelambangkan representssenyum ourharapan, smilingkeindahan hopetujuan, thecahaya beautykeyakinan ofTuhan aimdi andnegara object and the light of our belief in Godkita, inserta ourmartabat country,dan itskehormatan dignityyang andterus honourmenerangi whichjalan illuminate our way and puts ankita enddan tomenyinari darknesskegelapan."</ref> ByPer the 1950s1950-an, thissimbolisme symbolismini wasberperan embraceddalam by movements ofmemantik [[nasionalisme Arab nationalism]] suchseperti as the proposedusulan [[ArabRepublik IslamicIslam RepublicArab]] (1974).<ref>Edward E. Curtis, ''Black Muslim religion in the Nation of Islam, 1960-1975'' (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=VdcQNcJZoSgC&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=%22Nation+of+Islam%22+crescent+flag&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10#v=onepage&q=%22Nation%20of%20Islam%22%20crescent%20flag&f=false p. 157].</ref>

=== Rub el al-Hizb ===

{{Further|Rub el Hizbal-hizb}}

{{Further|SealPenutup ofPara the ProphetsNabi}}

Seal''Khatim'' of(Penutup thePara Prophets (KhatimNabi) aadalah titlesebutan used in thedalam al-Qur'an anddan byIslam Muslimsuntuk tomenyebut designateNabi Muhammad as thesebagai [[Last prophet|last of thenabi prophetsterakhir]] sentyang bydiutus GodAllah.

=== ShahadahSyahadat ===

{{Further|ShahadahSyahadat}}

[[Berkas:Ar_Liwa_hariadhi_islamic_flag.svg|alt=<!--This is the first main thing ofSyahadat Islam.-->|jmpl|{{transliteration|ar|La ilaha illallah, MuhammadunMuhammad rasulullah}} (EnglishTidak translation:ada "ThereTuhan is no god butselain Allah and, Muhammad isadalah Allah’sRasul messenger"Allah).

ReligiousBendera flagsagama withdengan inscriptionsinskripsi weretersebut inmuncul usesejak inabad thepertengahan, medievalserta period,muncul assebagai shownminiatur inoleh miniaturesilustrator byabad 13thke-century illustrator13 [[Yahya ibnbin Mahmud al-Wasiti]]. 14th-centuryIlustrasi illustrationsabad ofke-14 thedari ''HistorySejarah ofBangsa the TatarsTatar'' bykarya [[Hayton ofdari Corycus]] (1243) showsmenampilkan bothbaik [[Mongolsbangsa Mongol]] anddan [[SeljuqDinasti dynastySeljuk|SeljuqsSeljuk]] using a varietymenggunakan ofvariasi warpanji ensignsperang.

{{reflist|group=Notecatatan|refs=<ref name=Note01catatan01>It is important to note that the set of aḥādīth which refer toHadis "thepanji blackhitam bannersdari from the EastTimur" assebagai thetanda sign of thekemunculan [[Imam Mahdi]] werememiliki gradedsanad ''ḍaʿīf'' (weaklemah). {{harvnb|Bahari and Hassan|2014|pp=1–6}}</ref>

* {{Commons category-inline|Symbols ofTopik Islam}}