Kreatina: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Kreatina''' adalah [[asam organik]] bernitrogen yang terdapat secara alami di dalam hewan [[vertebrata]]. Kreatina dapat membantu menyediakan cadangan energi bagi jaringan [[otot]] dan [[saraf]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Parker|first=Sybil, P|date=1984|title=McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology|publisher=McGraw-Hill Company|url-status=live}}</ref>. Kreatina ditemukan pertama kali oleh [[Derek Edward Bye]] pada tahun 1832 sebagai komponen dari [[otot rangka]]. Nama kreatina sendiri berasal dari bahasa [[Yunani]], dari kata "Kreas" yang berarti "Daging".

Dokumentasi mengenai efektivitas kreatina dalam pengobatan penyakit-penyakit muskular, neuromuskular, dan neuro-degeneratif sudah banyak dilakukan<ref>Creatine and Creatine Kinase in Health and Disease (2007) Series: Subcellular Biochemistry, Vol. 46 Salomons, Gajja S.; Wyss, Markus (Eds.) 2007, XVIII, 352 p., Hardcover ISBN 978-1-4020-6485-2</ref> tapi kegunannya sebagai peningkat performa di dalam olahraga (sebagai suplemen olahraga) sering dipertanyakan.<ref>{{cite web | author = Edward G. McFarland, M.D. | title= Sports Enhancers - The Good, the Questionable and the Dangerous |url= http://www.hopkinshospital.org/health_info/Mens_Health/Reading/sports_enhancers.html | publisher = Johns Hopkins Hospital | date=[[2002-10-04]] | accessdate=2008-01-08}}</ref> Beberapa organisasi bahkan menyarankan agar penggunannya sebaiknya dilarang <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foodnavigator.com/news/ng.asp?id=40041-afssa-calls-for |title=AFSSA calls for creatine ban}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncaa.org/wps/portal/home?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/NCAA/Media+and+Events/Broadcasting/Broadcasting+Manual/Sect3/AdvStand|title=The NCAA's Advertising and Promotional Standards|date=2006-11-01|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120907120252/http://www.ncaa.org/wps/portal/!ut/p/c4/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3gjX29XJydDRwP_YHcDA08Df89AZwNHQwMLQ_2CbEdFANWftoY!/|archivedate=2012-09-07|access-date=2022-06-25|dead-url=no}} "...impermissible Nutritional Supplements that NCAA member institutions may not provide to student-athletes (e.g., creatine..."</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irlgov.ie/debates-98/1dec98/sect2.htm |title=Parliament of Ireland |access-date=2008-05-26 |archive-date=2008-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604003939/http://www.irlgov.ie/debates-98/1dec98/sect2.htm |dead-url=yes }} See section titled "Ban on creatine".</ref> DespiteWalaupun thisdemikian, creatinenamun remainskreatina verytetap popularsangat populer.<ref>"Creatine sales totaled $193 million in 2003 — or roughly 10% of the $1.9-billion sports supplement market, according to the San Diego-based Nutrition Business Journal</ref>