Arup: Perbedaan antara revisi

|foundation = 1946 oleh [[Sir Ove N. Arup]]

|key_people = Philip Dilley (Direktur)<br />Terry Hill (Komisaris)

'''Arup''' adalah sebuah firma profesional kelas dunia berkantor pusat di [[London]], [[Inggris]] yang melayani rekayasa teknologi, rancangan, perencanaan, manajemen proyek dan konsultan untuk semua aspek pendirian bangunan. Perusahaan ini hadir di Amerika, Australia, Asia, [[Asia Timur]], Eropa, [[Timur Tengah]] dan Afrika, memiliki lebih dari 10.000 karyawan bertempat di 92 kantor di 37 negara. Pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan berada di lebih dari 160 negara.<ref name="arupservice">{{en}} {{cite web|url = http://www.arup.com/arup/ownershipandfinance.cfm|title = Arup Ownership & finance|publisher = The Arup Group|accessdate = 2007-03-26|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070325213907/http://www.arup.com/arup/ownershipandfinance.cfm|archivedate = 2007-03-25|dead-url = yes}}</ref>

[[FileBerkas:Beijing National Stadium 1.jpg|rightka|210px|thumbjmpl|'''''Sarang Burung''''' atau [[Stadion Nasional Beijing]], untuk [[Olimpiade Beijing 2008]]]]

Firma ini didirikan di London pada tahun 1946 oleh Sir Ove Nyquist Arup. Sir Ove mendirikan firma dimana para ahli dari berbagai disiplin ilmu dapat bekerja bersama menghasilkan proyek dengan kualitas yang lebih baik dibanding jika mereka bekerja masing-masing secara individu. Pada tahun 1963 bersama arsitek Philip Dowson, Arup Associates<ref>{{en}} [http://www.arup.com/arup/feature.cfm?pageid=371 Arup Associates] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010085211/http://www.arup.com/arup/feature.cfm?pageid=371 |date=2007-10-10 }}</ref> dibentuk untuk menawarkan layanan arsitektural dan rekayasa teknis multi disiplin. Pada 1970 firma berbuah menjadi "Ove Arup & Partners" dan pada tahun yang sama mengeluarkan "The Key Speech", yang berisikan nilai-nilai dan visi kedepan Arup.<ref>{{en}} [http://www.arup.com/_assets/_download/FAF05210-19BB-316E-40AFF213E48D1CF1.pdf The Key Speech] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927000938/http://www.arup.com/_assets/_download/FAF05210-19BB-316E-40AFF213E48D1CF1.pdf |date=2011-09-27 }}</ref>

[[ImageBerkas:30 St Mary Axe, 'Gherkin'.JPG|thumbjmpl|30 St Mary Axe ("the gherkin")]]

Penerima julukan ini diantaranya:<ref>{{en}} [http://www.arup.com/About_us/Making_a_difference/Arup_Fellows.aspx Arup Fellows]</ref>: Cecil Balmond, Tristram Carfrae, Pat Dallard, Naeem Hussain, Alisdair McGregor, Mike Glover, Andy Sedgwick, Harry Hansen, Brian Simpson, Adam Stojanovski, Michael Willford, Corinne Swain, Peter Johnson, Martin Manning, Alan Burge, Jack Pappin, Davar Abi-Zadeh dan Raymond Yau.

[[ImageBerkas:Fly-Angel.jpg|thumbjmpl|rightka|''Angel of the North'']]

[[ImageBerkas:Coventry Cathedral NewOld.jpg|thumbjmpl|Coventry Cathedral, di latar belakang terlihat bangunan baru dikerjakan Arup.]]

Dikenal baik untuk pekerjaan rancangan yang mempengaruhi lingkungan sekitar.<ref name="arup1946-1986">{{en}} {{cite book |title= Ove Arup & Partners 1946-1986|url= https://archive.org/details/ovearuppartners10000unse|year= 1986 |publisher= Academy Editions |location= London |isbn= 0-85670-898-4}}</ref><ref name="OveArup1895-1988">{{en}} {{cite book |first1= Peter | last1= Campbell |first2= John | last2= Allan |first3= Peter | last3= Ahrends |first4= Jack | last4= Zunz |author4-link= Gerhard Jack Zunz |first5= Patrick | last5= Morreau |title= Ove Arup 1895-1988 |year= 1995 |publisher= [[Institution of Civil Engineers]] |location= London |isbn= 0-7277-2066-X}}</ref> Proyek dimana Arup terlibat meliputi [[Sydney Opera House]], yang menghadirkan Arup pada jajaran konsultan rekayasa teknis terkemuka di dunia.<ref name="PJones">{{en}} {{cite book | last=Jones | first=Peter | title=Ove Arup, Master Builder of the Twentieth Century | url=https://archive.org/details/ovearupmasterbui00jone|location=New Haven, CT | publisher=[[Yale University Press]] | year=2006 | isbn=978-0-300-11296-2}}</ref>

* [[Tappan Zee Bridge]] di utara [[Kota New York]] di [[Sungai Hudson]], [[Amerika Serikat]].

* [[Fulton Street Transit Center]] di Kota New York, Amerika Serikat

* [[2nd Avenue Subway]] di Kota New York, Amerika Serikat

* Michael Lee-Chin Crystal di [[Royal Ontario Museum]], Toronto, [[Kanada]].

* [[M. H. de Young Memorial Museum|De Young Museum]], [[San Francisco]], Amerika Serikat

* [[California Academy of Sciences]], San Francisco, Amerika Serikat.

* Y2E2 Building, Stanford, [[Palo Alto]], Amerika Serikat.

* [[Katedral Los Angeles]], [[Los Ángeles]], Amerika Serikat.

* Green Star (South Africa), peringkat ''bangunan hijau'' berdasar pada [[Green Star (Australia)|Australian Green Star Offices Tool]]

* [[Gautrain|Gautrain Rapid Rail Link]] Johannesburg ke Pretoria, Sandton ke [[OR Tambo International Airport]], [[Afrika Selatan]]

* Central Terminal Building di [[OR Tambo International Airport]]

* Dwabor Kindergarten, Ghana

* [[Constitutional Court of South Africa|Constitutional Court]] Building, Johannesburg

* [[List of reservoirs and dams in Botswana|Letsibogo Dam]] 100 juta meter kubik air tanggul penyimpanan dan bendungan berinti tanah liat di Botswana

* Scottish Livingstone Hospital, rumah sakit distrik 350 ranjang di Molopolole, [[Botswana]]

[[FileBerkas:国家游泳中心夜景.jpg|thumbjmpl|rightka|[[Pusat Akuatika Nasional Beijing]] malam hari|220px]]

* [[Pusat Akuatika Nasional Beijing]], [[Republik Rakyat CinaTiongkok|RRCRRT]] (dirancang oleh kantor Sydney)

* [[Stadion Nasional Beijing]], Beijing, RRCRRT

* [[Kantor pusat CCTV]], Beijing, RRCRRT

* [[Dongtan|Dongtan Ecocity]], RRCRRT

* [[Canton Tower]], Guangzhou, RRCRRT

* [[HSBC Main Building, Hong Kong|HSBC Main Building]], [[Hong Kong]]

* [[International Finance Centre]], Hong Kong

* [[Stonecutters Bridge]], Hong Kong

* [[Kansai International Airport]], [[Osaka]], [[Jepang]]

* [[Petron Megaplaza]], [[Makati]], [[Filipina]]

* [[Rajiv Gandhi International Airport]], [[Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]

* [[Singapore Flyer]], [[Singapura]]

* [[Fusionopolis]], [[Singapura]]

* [[Marina Bay Sands]] Hiburan Terpadu, Singapura

[[ImageBerkas:Sydney Opera House Sails.jpg|thumbjmpl|Sydney Opera House]]

[[ImageBerkas:CCTV-new-building.jpg|rightka|thumbjmpl|Kantor pusat CCTV di distrik pusat perdagangan Beijing mendekati selesai (Agustus 2008).]]

* [[Sydney Opera House]], [[Sydney]], [[Australia]]

* Andrew Boy Charlton Pool, Sydney, Australia

* 30 The Bond, Sydney, Australia

* Parramatta Transport Interchange, Sydney, Australia

* Carriageworks, Sydney, Australia

* [[Goodwill Bridge]], [[Brisbane]], Australia

* [[Suncorp Stadium]] pembangunan kembali Lang Park, Brisbane, Australia

* Queen St. Mall Central Structure, Brisbane, Australia

* [[Kurilpa Bridge, Brisbane]], Australia

* SAFElink Ipswich Motorway Upgrade, Brisbane, Australia

* K2 Sustainable Housing, Melbourne, Australia

* [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], Melbourne, Australia

* [[Melbourne Museum]], Melbourne, Australia

* [[National Gallery of Victoria]], Melbourne, Australia

* [[State Library of Victoria]], Melbourne, Australia

* [[Australian Synchrotron]], Melbourne, Victoria

* [[Swan Bells]], Perth, Australia

* [[National Museum of Australia]], Canberra, Australia

* [[30 St Mary Axe]], [[London]], [[Britania Raya]]

* [[Angel of the North]], [[Gateshead]], Britania Raya

* [[Casa da Música]], [[Porto]], [[Portugal]]

* [[Centre Georges Pompidou|Pompidou Centre]], [[Paris]], [[PerancisPrancis]]

* [[Allianz Arena]], [[Munich]], [[Jerman]]

* [[Sony Center]], [[Berlin]], [[Jerman]]

* [[European Central Bank Headquarters]], [[Frankfurt]], Jerman

* [[High Speed 1]], Inggris

* [[Millennium Bridge (London)|Millennium Bridge]], London, Britania Raya

* [[The London Eye]], London, UK (rancangan asli bersama Marks Barfield Architects untuk lelang proyek dengan diameter roda 150m dengan 36 kapsul 135m<ref>{{en}} "The Singapore Flyer and design of Giant Observation Wheels"

* [[Nou Mestalla]] Stadium, [[Valencia]], [[Sepanyol]]

* [[Oresund Bridge]], Denmark / Swedia

* [[Snowdon#Summit buildings|Snowdon Summit Building]], [[Wales]], Inggris

* [[Scottish Parliament Building]], [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]], Inggris

* Program restorasi [[Isambard Kingdom Brunel|Brunel]]'s [[SS Great Britain]], [[Bristol]], [[England]], [[Britania Raya]]

* [[London Heathrow Terminal 5|Terminal 5]] at [[Heathrow Airport]], England, Britania Raya

* [[Donbass Arena]], [[Donetsk]], [[Ukraine]]

* [[Arnolfini]], Bristol, England, Britania Raya

* [[City of Manchester Stadium]], [[Manchester]], England, Britania Raya

* [[Grand Canal Theatre]], [[Dublin, Ireland|Dublin]], Irlandia

[[ImageBerkas:Casa da musica 1.JPG|thumbjmpl|[[Casa da Música]]]]

Pekerjaan Arup bersama [[The Druk White Lotus School]], [[Ladakh]], memenangkan ''Large Consultancy Firm'' Tahun 2003 pada British Consultants and Construction Bureau - International Expertise Awards, 2003 yang merupakan hasil kemenangan tiga penghargaanpada World Architecture Awards 2001.<ref>{{en}} {{cite press release

| url = http://www.arup.com/newsitem.cfm?pageid=968

| title = World Architecture Awards

| publisher = Arup

| date = 05 Aug 2002

| accessdate = 2007-03-27

|url |url = http://www.worldaware.org.uk/awards/awards2002/ovearup.html

|title |title = The Worldaware Award for Innovation

|publisher |publisher = Worldaware

|date |date = 2002

|accessdate |accessdate = 2007-03-27

|url = http://www.fseonline.co.uk/articles.asp?article_id=4701

|title = Innovation key to FSE Design Award winners

|publisher = FSE: Fire Safety Engineering

|date = 2006-11-15

|accessdate = 2007-03-27

|url |url = http://www.arup.com/europe/newsitem.cfm?pageid=9323

|title |title = Fire Safety Engineering Design Awards

|publisher |publisher = Arup

|date |date = 2006-11-08

|accessdate |accessdate = 2007-03-27

}}</ref> Kemudian, Dr |publisherBarbara Lane, =Associate Director bersama Arup, memenangi Medali Perak [[Royal Academy of Engineering]]<ref>{{en}} {{cite web

|url |url = http://livedesignonline.com/excellenceawards/jerome-robbins-theatre-baryshnikov/

|title |title = Live Design’s Excellence in Live Design Award (Theatre)

|publisher |publisher = Live Design/Penton Media

|date |date = 2010

|accessdate |accessdate = 2010-03-23

[[Berkas:mill.bridge.from.tate.modern.arp.jpg|thumb jmpl|Jembatan Milenium, London]]

Pada tahun 2000, [[Jembatan Milenium (London)|Jembatan Milenium]] senilai [[Pound sterling|GB£]]18 juta (sekitar Rp.234 miliar<ref name=GBP/>) yang melintasi sungai [[Thames]] di [[London]] bergerak-gerak (gerakan lateral) yang memusingkan pelintasnya dan segera mendapat julukan "jembatan goyang". Setelah dua tahun jembatan ditutup dan mengeluarkan biaya lagi sebesar GB£5 juta (sekitar Rp.65 miliar<ref name=GBP/>), Arup berhasil memperbaiki masalahnya dengan sistem penahan ayunan.<ref>{{en}} [http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/uk/2000/millennium_bridge/default.stm Millennium Bridge] at [[BBC]]</ref><ref>{{en}} Fitzpatrick T et al. [https://web.archive.org/web/20030409123633/http://www.arup.com/MillenniumBridge/indepth/pdf/linking_london.pdf Linking London: The Millennium Bridge] Arup's explanation of the problem and its solution</ref>

Arup dituduh melebih-lebihkan dampak [[ramah lingkungan]] dari keterlibatannya pada proyek kota ramah lingkungan (''eco-city'') [[Dongtan]] di [[Shanghai]].<ref>{{en}} [http://www.ethicalcorp.com/content.asp?ContentID=5552 Ethical Corporation: Blog - Arup and Dongtan, worthy winner of Greenwasher of the year]</ref>

Arup adalah konsultan rekayasa teknologi pertama yang mengadopsi pendekatan holistik multi-disiplin untuk rancangan teknologi bangunan. Setelah beberapa tahun, banyak karyawannya yang telah meninggalkan Arup untuk mendirikan perusahaan sendiri, seringkalisering kali dalam usaha yang sama dengan Arup.

== Rekayasa teknologi dan disiplin terkait lainnya ==

== Referensi ==

* {{en}} [http://www.arup.com/ Situs resmi Arup]

* {{en}} [http://www.arup.com/_assets/_download/FAF05210-19BB-316E-40AFF213E48D1CF1.pdf The key speech of Sir Ove Arup] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927000938/http://www.arup.com/_assets/_download/FAF05210-19BB-316E-40AFF213E48D1CF1.pdf |date=2011-09-27 }}

* {{en}} [http://www.arup.com/About_us/Making_a_difference/Arup_Fellows.aspx List of Arup Fellows and Arup Fellows film]

* {{en}} [http://www.director.co.uk/MAGAZINE/2010/10_November/arup-company-profile_64_03.html Innovation at Arup] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302145331/http://www.director.co.uk/MAGAZINE/2010/10_November/arup-company-profile_64_03.html |date=2012-03-02 }}