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'''Pengamatan''', '''pemerhatian''', '''pencerapan''', atau '''observasi''' ({{lang-en|observation}}) adalah kegiatan terhadap suatu proses atau objek dengan maksud merasakan dan kemudian memahami pengetahuan dari sebuah [[fenomena]] berdasarkan [[pengetahuan]] dan [[gagasan]] yang sudah diketahui sebelumnya, untuk mendapatkan informasi-informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk melanjutkan suatu penelitian.
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Ilmu pengetahuan [[biologi]] dan [[astronomi]] mempunyai dasar sejarah dalam pengamatan oleh amatir. Di dalam penelitian, pengamatan dapat dilakukan dengan tes, kuesioner, rekaman gambar dan rekaman suara.
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Cara pengamatan yang paling efektif adalah melengkapinya dengan pedoman pengamatan seperti format atau blangko pengamatan. Format yang disusun berisi butir-butir tentang kejadian atau tingkah laku yang digambarkan akan terjadi. Setelah itu, peneliti sebagai seorang pengamat tinggal memberikan tanda centang ([[Berkas:Checkbox.svg]]) pada kolom yang dikehendaki pada format tersebut.
== Kelebihan & Kekurangan Observasi == ▼true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"data":null} {"success":true,"errorCode":null,"errorMessage":null,"
Orang yang melakukan pengamatan disebut [[pengamat]].
=== Kelemahan Observasi === ▼
▲== Kelebihan & Kekurangan ObservasiPengamatan ==
=== Kelebihan Pengamatan ===
* Dapat mencatat hal-hal, perilaku pertumbuhan, dan sebagainya pada waktu kejadian itu berlangsung atau sewaktu perilaku itu terjadi.
* Dapat memperoleh data dari subjek secara langsung, baik yang dapat berkomunikasi secara verbal ataupun tidak.
▲=== Kelemahan ObservasiPengamatan ===
* Diperlukan waktu yang lama untuk memperoleh hasil dari suatu kejadian, misalnya adat penguburan suku Toraja dalam peristiwa ritual kematian, maka seorang peneliti harus menunggu adanya upacara adat tersebut.
* Pengamatan terhadap suatu fenomena yang berlangsung lama, tidak dapat dilakukan secara langsung.
* Adanya kegiatan-kegiatan yang tidak mungkin diamati, misalnya kegiatan-kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan hal-hal yang sifatnya pribadi, seperti kita ingin mengetahui perilaku anak saat orang tua sedang bertengkar, kita tidak mungkin melakukan pengamatan langsung terhadap konflik keluarga tersebut karena kurang jelas.
[[Kategori:Keahlian manusia]]
[[Kategori:Metode ilmiah]]
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