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Patung Liberty: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(24 revisi perantara oleh 14 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{wiktionary|libertas}}
 
{{Infobox historic site
| name = Patung Liberty
| image = Statue of Liberty 7.jpg
| caption =
| location = [[Pulau Liberty]]<br />[[Manhattan]], [[Kota New York]],<br />[[New York]],<ref name="NPS StLi">{{cite web|publisher=[[National Park Service]]|title=Statue of Liberty National Monument|date=31 Desember 2007|url=http://www.nps.gov/stli/index.htm|accessdate=12 Oktober 2011}}</ref> [[Amerika Serikat]]
{{cite web
| publisher = [[National Park Service]]
| title = Statue of Liberty National Monument
| date = 31 Desember 2007
| url = http://www.nps.gov/stli/index.htm
| accessdate = 12 Oktober 2011
}}
</ref> [[Amerika Serikat]]
| lat_degrees = 40
| lat_minutes = 41
| lat_seconds = 21
| lat_direction = N
| long_degrees = 74
| long_minutes = 2
| long_seconds = 40
| long_direction = W
| coord_parameters = region:US-NY_type:landmark_scale:5000
| locmapin = New York City
| map_caption = Lokasi dari Patung Liberty di [[Pelabuhan New York Harbor]], [[Kota New York]]
| elevation = {{plainlist|* Dari dasar patung hingga puncak: {{convert|151|ft|1|in|0|abbr=off|sp=us}}▼
| elevation =
{{plainlist |
▲* Dari dasar patung hingga puncak: {{convert|151|ft|1|in|0|abbr=off|sp=us}}
* Dari tanah hingga puncak: {{convert|305|ft|1|in|0|abbr=off|sp=us}}
}}
| beginning_label = Diresmikan
| beginning_date = 28 Oktober 1886
Baris 34 ⟶ 17:
| visitation_num = 3,2 juta
| visitation_year = 2009
| visitation_ref = <ref name="Schneiderman 2010-06-28">{{cite news|last=Schneiderman| first=R.M.|date=28 Juni 2010|title=For tourists, Statue of Liberty is nice, but no Forever 21|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|url=http://blogs.wsj.com/metropolis/2010/06/28/for-tourists-statue-of-liberty-is-no-forever-21/|accessdate=12 Oktober 2011}}</ref>
| visitation_ref =<ref name="Schneiderman 2010-06-28">
{{cite news
| last = Schneiderman
| first = R.M.
| date = 28 Juni 2010
| title = For tourists, Statue of Liberty is nice, but no Forever 21
| newspaper = The Wall Street Journal
| url = http://blogs.wsj.com/metropolis/2010/06/28/for-tourists-statue-of-liberty-is-no-forever-21/
| accessdate = 12 Oktober 2011
}}
</ref>
| governing_body = [[National Park Service]]
| designation1 = WHS
| designation1_date = 1984 <small>(sesi ke-8)</small>
| designation1_type = BudayaKultural
| designation1_criteria = i, vi
| designation1_number = [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 307]
Baris 58 ⟶ 31:
| designation2_date = 15 Oktober 1924
| designation2_free1name = Ditetapkan oleh
| designation2_free1value = Presiden [[Calvin Coolidge]]<ref name="NPS monuments">{{cite web|publisher=National Park Service|title=National Monument Proclamations under the Antiquities Act|date=16 Januari 2003|url=http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/monuments.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025111325/http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/monuments.htm|archivedate=25 November 2011|accessdate=12 Oktober 2011| dead-url=no}}</ref>
| designation2_free1value = Presiden [[Calvin Coolidge]]<ref name="NPS monuments">
{{cite web
| publisher = National Park Service
| title = National Monument Proclamations under the Antiquities Act
| date = 16 Januari 2003
| url = http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/monuments.htm
| archiveurl = http://wayback.archive.org/web/20111025111325/http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/monuments.htm
| archivedate = 2011-10-25
| accessdate = 12 Oktober 2011
}}
</ref>
| designation3 = NRHP
| designation3_offname = [[Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island]]
| designation3_date = 15 Oktober 1966<ref name="NPS 2994 p502">
{{cite book|author=National Park Service|title=National Register of Historic Places, 1966–1994: Cumulative List Through January&nbsp;1, 1994|url=https://archive.org/details/nationalregister00amer|publisher=National Park Service|location=Washington DC|year=1994|page=[https://archive.org/details/nationalregister00amer/page/502 502]| isbn=978-0-89133-254-1}}</ref>
{{cite book
| author = National Park Service
| title = National Register of Historic Places, 1966–1994: Cumulative List Through January&nbsp;1, 1994
| publisher = National Park Service
| location = Washington DC
| year = 1994
| page = 502
| isbn = 978-0-89133-254-1
}}
</ref>
| designation3_number = 66000058
| designation4 = NJRHP
| designation4_date = 27 Mei 1971
| designation4_number = 1535<ref name=NJRHP>{{cite web | title=New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places – Hudson County | url= http://www.nj.gov/dep/hpo/1identify/nrsr_lists.htm | publisher=[[New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection]] – Historic Preservation Office | page= | date= | accessdate= 2 Agustus 2014}}</ref>
| designation5 = NYC Landmark
| designation5_date = 14 September 1976<ref name="neighborhoodpreservationcenter">{{cite web|title=Statue of Liberty National Monument|date=14 September 1976|publisher=New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission|url=http://www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org/db/bb_files/STATUE-OF-LIBERTY.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=12 Oktober 2011|archive-date=2014-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311192502/http://www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org/db/bb_files/STATUE-OF-LIBERTY.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
| designation5_date = 14 September 1976<ref name="neighborhoodpreservationcenter">
{{cite web
| title = Statue of Liberty National Monument
| date = 14 September 1976
| publisher = New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
| url = http://www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org/db/bb_files/STATUE-OF-LIBERTY.pdf
| format = PDF
| accessdate = 12 Oktober 2011
}}
</ref>
| designation5_type = Individual
}}
 
'''Patung Liberty''' (sebutanatau lain'''Patung Kebebasan''' (juga dalamdisebut {{lang-en|Liberty Enlightening the World}}, {{lang-fr|La Liberté éclairant le monde}}, {{lang-id|Kebebasan Menerangi Dunia}}) adalah suatu patung berukuran raksasa yang terletak di [[Pulau Liberty]], di muara [[Sungai Hudson]] di, [[Pelabuhan New York Harbor]], [[Amerika Serikat]]. Patung ini dihadiahkan [[Prancis]] untuk Amerika Serikat pada akhir [[abad ke-19]] dan merupakan suatu simbol selamat datang untuk pengunjung, imigran, dan orang Amerika yang kembali.
 
Patung perunggu yang diresmikan pada tanggal [[28 Oktober]] [[1886]] ini merupakan hadiah seratus tahun kemerdekaan Amerika Serikat dan merupakan ungkapan persahabatan antara kedua negara.{{sfn|Khan|2010|p=176}} Pemahat patung ini adalah [[Frederic Auguste Bartholdi]], dan [[Gustave Eiffel]] (desainer [[Menara Eiffel]]) yang merancang struktur penyangga dalamnya. Patung Liberty adalah salah satu lambang ASAmerika yang paling terkenaldikenal di seluruh dunia, danyang melambangkan kemerdekaan dan, kebebasan, dariserta tekananlibertas Amerika Serikat.
 
Pada tahun 1984, Patung Liberty masuk dalam daftar [[Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO]].<ref name="unesco">{{cite web| publisher = UNESCO| title = Statue of Liberty| work = World Heritage| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = 20 Oktober 2011}}</ref>
 
== Lokasi dan Akses ==
Patung Liberti terletak pada [[Upper New York Bay]] di Pulau Liberty, yakni sebelah selatan [[Pulau Ellis]], yang dimana keduanya membentuk kawasan Monumen Nasional Patung Liberty. Kedua pulau tersebut diserahkan oleh [[New York (negara bagian)|New York]] kepada [[pemerintah federal Amerika Serikat]] pada tahun 1800.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-10-21|title=NPS Historical Handbook: Statue of Liberty|url=https://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/hh/11/hh11m.htm|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2022-11-28|archive-date=2011-10-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021120332/https://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/hh/11/hh11m.htm|dead-url=unfit}}</ref> Sebagaimana yang disepakati pada tahun 1834 pada kesepakatan antara New York dan [[New Jersey]], bahwa pulau Liberty tetap menjadi wilayah New York meskipun terletak di sisi New Jersey pada garis negara bagian. Pulau Liberty adalah salah satu pulau yang menjadi bagian dari wilayah Manhattan di New York. Lahan yang dibentuk oleh [[Reklamasi daratan|reklamasi]] seluas 2,3 hektar pada Pulau Ellis adalah wilayah New Jersey.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New Jersey v. New York, 523 U.S. 767 (1998)|url=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/523/767/|website=Justia Law|language=en|access-date=2022-11-28}}</ref>
 
Tidak ada biaya yang dikenakan untuk masuk ke monumen nasional, tetapi ada biaya untuk transportasi kapal feri yang harus digunakan semua pengunjung.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Isl|first=Mailing Address: Liberty|last2=York|first2=New|title=Fees & Passes - Statue Of Liberty National Monument (U.S. National Park Service)|url=https://www.nps.gov/stli/planyourvisit/fees.htm|website=www.nps.gov|language=en|access-date=2022-11-28|last3=Us|first3=NY 10004 Phone: 212 363-3200 Contact}}</ref> Kapal Feri yang berangkat dari Jersey City dan [[Lower Manhattan]], juga akan berhenti di Pulau Ellis saat dibuka untuk umum.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-10-20|title=NPS: Liberty and Ellis Island ferry map|url=nps.gov/stli/planyourvisit/ferry-system-map.htm|website=National Park Service|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629071103/https://www.nps.gov/stli/planyourvisit/ferry-system-map.htm|archive-date=2014-06-29}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
Baris 111 ⟶ 61:
 
=== Daftar pustaka ===
* {{cite book |last=Khan |first=Yasmin Sabina |year=2010 |title=Enlightening the World: The Creation of the Statue of Liberty |url=https://archive.org/details/enlighteningworl00khan |publisher=Cornell University Press |location=Ithaca, New York |isbn=978-0-8014-4851-5 |ref=harv}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
 
* {{en}} [http://www.nps.gov/stli/ Statue of Liberty National Monument - National Park Service]
* {{en}} [http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/hh/11/index.htm The official Historical Site handbook] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609182435/http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/hh/11/index.htm |date=2007-06-09 }}
* {{en}} [http://manhattan.about.com/od/historyandlandmarks/a/statueofliberty.htm/ History of the Statue of Liberty - About.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060617081148/http://manhattan.about.com/od/historyandlandmarks/a/statueofliberty.htm |date=2006-06-17 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.libertycam.com/ Statue Of Liberty Webcam Live]
 
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