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Baris 1: {{Italic title}} {{Taxobox \|image = Araña Valverde Vilarromarís Oroso 3.jpg \|name =Mangora \|status= \|immge= [[~~File~~Berkas:Mangora.acalypha.-.lindsey.jpg\|250px]] \|caption= '[[Mangora acalypha]]'' \|domain= [[Eukariota\|Eukaryota]] \| regnum = [[Hewan\|Animalia]] \| familia = [[Araneidae]] \|sottoregno=[[Eumetazoa]] \|superphylum=[[Protostomia]] \|phylum=[[Artropoda\|Arthropoda]] \|subphylum=[[Chelicerata]] \| classis = [[Arachnida]] \| ordo = [[Laba-laba\|Araneae]] \|subordo=[[Araneomorphae]] \|infraordo= Baris 31 ⟶ 33: }} '''''Mangora''''' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">[[:en:Octavius Pickard-Cambridge\|O. P.-Cambridge]], 1889</span> adalah suatu [[genus]] [[laba-laba]] dari [[ordo]] [[Laba-laba\|Araneae]], [[~~familia~~famili (biologi)\|famili]] [[Araneidae]]. == Distribusi == Ada 186 spesies yang ditemukan sampai sekarang, sebagian besar di benua [[Amerika]]; hanya beberapa ditemukan di wilayah palearctica dan timur. Spesies yang hidup di daerah luas adalah ''[[Mangora acalypha\|M. acalypha]]'' yang ditemukan di berbagai lokasi. Di benua Amerika didapati banyak habitat, antara lain [[Brasil]] (67 spesies), [[Peru]] (39 spesies) dan [[Kolombia]] (35 spesies).<ref name="Araneidae">[http://research.amnh.org/iz/spiders/catalog_15.0/ARANEIDAE.html The world spider catalog, Araneidae]</ref>. == Taksonomi == [[~~File~~Berkas:Mangora acalypha (4645045179).jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|upright=1.8\|Gambar berbagai ''M. acalypha'']] [[~~File~~Berkas:MangoraGibberosa3.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|upright=1.2\|''[[Mangora gibberosa]]'']] [[~~File~~Berkas:MangoraPlacida1.jpg\|~~thumb~~jmpl\|upright=1.2\|''[[Mangora placida]]'' di tengah sarang]] Sejak 2013 spesimen semacam itu tidak lagi diteliti.<ref name="Araneidae"/>. Sampai Maret 2014, tercatat ada 186 spesies:<ref name="Araneidae"/>: {{col\|2}} # ''[[Mangora acalypha]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">([[:en:Charles Athanase Walckenaer\|Walckenaer]], 1802)</span> - daerah palearctica Baris 73 ⟶ 75: # ''[[Mangora bovis]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil, Guyana # ''[[Mangora boyaca]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Colombia # ''[[Mangora brokopondo]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil, Guyana, Suriname, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora browns]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Suriname # ''[[Mangora caballero]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil, Argentina Baris 87 ⟶ 89: # ''[[Mangora chanchamayo]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Peru # ''[[Mangora chao]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil, Paraguay # ''[[Mangora chavantina]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora chicanna]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2005</span> - dal Messico all'Honduras # ''[[Mangora chiguaza]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Ecuador, Peru Baris 96 ⟶ 98: # ''[[Mangora comaina]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Peru # ''[[Mangora corcovado]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2005</span> - Costarica # ''[[Mangora corocito]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Venezuela, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora craigae]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2005</span> - Costarica # ''[[Mangora crescopicta]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Yin et al., 1990</span> - Tiongkok Baris 120 ⟶ 122: # ''[[Mangora hemicraera]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">([[:en:Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell\|Thorell]], 1890)</span> - Malesia # ''[[Mangora herbeoides]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">([[:en:Friedrich Wilhelm Bösenberg\|Bösenberg]] & [[:en:Embrik Strand\|Strand]], 1906)</span> - Tiongkok, Corea, Giappone # ''[[Mangora hirtipes]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">([[:en:Władysław Taczanowski\|Taczanowski]], 1878)</span> - Peru, Brasil, Guyana, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora huallaga]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Peru, Bolivia # ''[[Mangora huancabamba]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Peru # ''[[Mangora ikuruwa]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Venezuela, Guyana, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis, Peru # ''[[Mangora inconspicua]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Schenkel, 1936</span> - Tiongkok # ''[[Mangora insperata]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">[[:en:Benedito Soares\|Soares]] & Camargo, 1948</span> - Colombia, Peru, Brasil # ''[[Mangora isabel]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora itabapuana]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil # ''[[Mangora itatiaia]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil Baris 191 ⟶ 193: # ''[[Mangora rondonia]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Brasil # ''[[Mangora rupununi]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Guyana # ''[[Mangora saut]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora schneirlai]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Chickering, 1954</span> - Costarica, Panama # ''[[Mangora sciosciae]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Argentina Baris 216 ⟶ 218: # ''[[Mangora umbrata]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Simon, 1897</span> - Peru # ''[[Mangora unam]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Colombia, Peru, Brasil # ''[[Mangora uraricoera]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador, Brasil, Guyana, Suriname, Guyana ~~Perancis~~Prancis # ''[[Mangora uru]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Peru # ''[[Mangora uziga]]'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Levi, 2007</span> - Paraguay, Argentina Baris 232 ⟶ 234: {{end-col}} === Spesies yang dipindahkan === * ''Mangora bituberculata'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">[[Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão\|Mello-Leitão]], 1939</span>; dipindah ke genus [[Mecynogea]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">[[Eugène Simon\|Simon]], 1903</span>.<ref name="Araneidae"/>. * ''Mangora insolens'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Simon, 1909</span>; dipindah ke genus [[Prasonica]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Simon, 1895</span>. * ''Mangora lintearia'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">([[Eugen von Keyserling\|Keyserling]], 1893)</span>; dipindah ke genus [[Larinia]] <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Simon, 1874</span>. Baris 250 ⟶ 252: Non vi è una descrizione accurata dell'esemplare denominato ''Mangora paraensis'' <span style="font-variant: small-caps">Simon, 1895</span>a; allo stato attuale è da ritenersi ''[[nomen nudum]]''<ref name="Araneidae"/>. --> == Referensi == {{reflist}} == Pustaka tambahan == * Cambridge, O.P.-, 1889d - ''Arachnida. Araneida''. In ''Biologia Centrali-Americana'', Zoology. London, vol.'''1''', pp. 1–56.[https://ia600602.us.archive.org/25/items/mobotbca_07_00_00/mobotbca_07_00_00.pdf Articolo in PDF] * Mello-Leitão, C.F. de, 1943a- ''Catálogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Sul''. Archos Mus. nac. Rio de J. vol.'''37''', pp. 147–245. * Chickering, A.M., 1963a- ''Three new species of Mangora (Araneae, Argiopidae) from Central America''. Breviora vol.'''191''', pp. 1–11. * Grasshoff, M., 1971b - ''Die Tribus Mangorini, IV. Die Mangora-Gruppe (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae-Araneinae)''. Senckenberg. biol. vol.'''52''', pp. 293–311. * Levi, H.W., 1975b - ''The American orb-weaver genera Larinia, Cercidia and Mangora north of Mexico (Araneae, Araneidae)''. Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harv. vol.'''147''', pp. 101–135. * {{Cite\|url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41159564#page/153/mode/1up\|author=Herbert Walter Levi \|year= 2005a \| title = The orb-weaver genus Mangora of Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies (Araneae: Araneidae)\|journal=Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology \|volume=158\|number=4 \| page=139-182}} Diakses 5 April 2014 * {{Cite\|url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41088433#page/1/mode/1up\| author=Herbert Walter Levi\| year= 2007 \|title=The orb weaver genus Mangora in South America (Araneae, Araneida)\|journal=Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology \|volume=159\|page=1-144}} Diakses 5 April 2014 == Pranala luar == {{Commons category\|Mangora}} * [http://research.amnh.org/iz/spiders/catalog_15.0/ARANEIDAE.html The world spider catalog, Araneidae <small>Diakses 3 April 2014</small>] Baris 269 ⟶ 271: {{Araneidae}} {{Portal\|biologi}} {{Taxonbar\|from=Q1172482}} [[Kategori:Mangora\| ]]▼ [[Kategori:Araneidae]] ▲[[Kategori:Mangora]]