Peanuts: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''''Peanuts''''' adalah [[strip komik]] harian yang ditulis dan diilustrasikan oleh [[Charles M. Schulz]], yang beredar sejak [[2 Oktober]] [[1950]] hingga sehari setelah kematian Schulz, [[13 Februari]] [[2000]]. Komik ini adalah salah satu yang paling populer dan berpengaruh dalam sejarah media strip komik. Pada puncaknya, ''Peanuts'' dimuat pada lebih dari 2.600 [[Koran|surat kabar]], dengan pembaca sekitar 355 juta orang di 75 negara, dan diterjemahkan ke dalam 40 bahasa. Komik ini menolong menciptakan standar empat bingkai strip sebagai strip komik di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Cetak ulangnya masih dimuat dalam berbagai surat kabar.

[[Berkas:CharlesMSchulzCharles Schulz NYWTS.JPGjpg|leftkiri|thumbjmpl|200px|Charles M. Schulz, pencipta ''Peanuts'']]

Charles M. Schulz dilahirkan pada [[26 November]] [[1922]] di [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]], dan dibesarkan di [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|St. Paul]], Schulz tinggal dan bekerja selama lebih dari 30 tahun di [[Santa Rosa, California]]. Sebelum pindah ke Santa Rosa, Schulz mempunyai sebuah studio di [[Sebastopol, California|Sebastopol]], California, namun hancur terbakar pada 1966. [[Museum Charles M. Schulz]] di Santa Rosa mengabadikan dan memperingati karyanya dan seni kartun.

Schulz meninggal dunia pada [[12 Februari]] [[2000]] karena komplikasi [[kanker usus]].

The ''Peanuts'' characters generally do not age, or age very slowly, except in the case of infant characters who catch up to the rest of the cast, then stop. [[Rerun van Pelt|Rerun]] is unique in that he stopped aging in kindergarten. More typically, Linus was born in the first couple of years of the strip's run. He ages from infancy to right around Charlie Brown's age over the course of the first ten years, during which we see him learn to walk and talk with the help of Lucy and Charlie Brown. Linus then stops aging when he is about a year or so younger than Charlie Brown. Charlie Brown himself was four when the strip began, and gradually aged over the next two decades until he settled in as an eight year old (after which he is consistently referred to as eight when any age is given).

*[[Rerun van Pelt]] - [[23 May]] (date of publication of strip announcing birth)

The animated version of ''Peanuts'' differs in some aspects from the strip. In the strip, adult voices are seldom heard, and conversations are usually only depicted from the children's end. To translate this aspect to the animated medium, Melendez famously used the sound of a trombone with a plunger mute opening and closing on the bell to simulate adult "voices". A more significant deviation from the strip was the treatment of Snoopy. In the strip, the dog's thoughts are verbalized in [[thought balloon]]s; in animation, he is typically mute, his thoughts communicated through growls, laughs , and [[mime|pantomime]], or by having human characters (voiced by Bill Melendez himself) verbalizing his thoughts for him. These treatments have both been abandoned temporarily in the past; they experimented with teacher dialogue in ''She's a Good Skate, Charlie Brown'', and in the animated adaptations of the plays, Snoopy's thoughts were conveyed in [[voiceover]]. The elimination of Snoopy's "voice" is probably the most controversial aspect of the adaptations, but Schulz apparently approved of the treatment.

The success of ''A Charlie Brown Christmas'' was the impetus for CBS to air many more prime-time ''Peanuts'' specials over the years, beginning with ''[[It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown]]'' and ''[[Charlie Brown's All-Stars]]'' in 1966. In total, more than thirty animated specials were produced. Until his death in 1976, jazz pianist [[Vince Guaraldi]] composed highly acclaimed musical scores for the specials; in particular, the piece "[[Linus and Lucy]]" which has become popularly known as the signature theme song of the ''Peanuts'' franchise.

Schulz, Mendelson, and Melendez (and his studio [[Melendez Films]]) also collaborated on four theatrical [[film|feature films]] starring the characters, the first of which was ''A Boy Named Charlie Brown'' (1969). Most of these made use of material from Schulz's strips, which were then adapted, although in other cases plots were developed around areas where there were minimal strips to reference. Such was also the case with ''[[The Charlie Brown and Snoopy Show]]'', a Saturday-morning TV [[television program|series]] which debuted on CBS in 1983 and lasted for three seasons.

The characters were licensed for use as atmosphere for the national [[Cedar Fair]] theme park chain as well as the [[Camp Snoopy]] attractions in its parks. Cedar Fair no longer operates Camp Snoopy as of March 2005 in Minnesota. It is now the Park at MOA and no longer uses the theme of Peanuts characters.

''Peanuts'' is often regarded as one of the most influential and well-written comic strips of all time. Schulz received the [[National Cartoonist Society]] Humor Comic Strip Award for ''Peanuts'' in 1962, the Elzie Segar Award in 1980, the [[Reuben Award]] in 1955 and 1964, and the Milton Caniff Lifetime Achievement Award in 1999. ''[[A Charlie Brown Christmas]]'' won a [[Peabody Award]] and an [[Emmy]]; ''Peanuts'' cartoon specials have received a total of 2 [[Peabody Awards]] and 4 [[Emmy Awards|Emmys]]. For his work on the strip, Charles Schulz is credited with a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] and a place in the William Randolph Hearst Cartoon Hall of Fame. ''Peanuts'' was featured on the cover of [[Time Magazine]] on [[April 9]], [[1965]].

In 1999, a jury of comics scholars and critics voted ''Peanuts'' to be the second-greatest comic strip of the 20th century — second only to [[George Herriman]]'s ''[[Krazy Kat]]'', a verdict Schulz himself cheerfully endorsed. A poll in 2002 found ''Peanuts'' to be one of the most recognizable cartoon properties in the world, recognized by 94 percent of the total U.S. consumer market and a close second only to [[Mickey Mouse]] (96 percent), and higher than other familiar cartoon properties like [[Spider-Man]] (75 percent) or [[the Simpsons]] (87 percent). In ''[[TV Guide]]'''s "Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All-Time" list, Charlie Brown and Snoopy ranked #8.

''Peanuts'' touched on religious themes on many occasions, most notably the classic television special, ''[[A Charlie Brown Christmas]]'' in [[1965]], which features the character [[Linus van Pelt]] quoting the [[King James Version of the Bible]] (Luke 2:8-14) to explain to [[Charlie Brown]] "what [[Christmas]] is all about." In personal interviews Schulz mentioned that Linus represented his spiritual side. Schulz, reared in the [[Lutheran]] faith, had been active in the [[Church of God (Anderson)|Church of God]] as a young adult, and then later taught Sunday school at a [[United Methodist Church]].

By the late [[1980s]] he told one of his biographers (Rheta Grimsley Johnson, [[1989]]) that he identified with [[Secular Humanism]]. {{citation needed}}

*Although Charlie Brown's baseball team is often referred to as "win-less", it wins at least 10 games over the course of the series. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.apeanutscollectorclub.com/peantfaq.txt | title=Peanuts FAQ | accessdate=2006-10-01}}</ref>

== RujukanReferensi ==

* [http://www.flyingace.com/ Snoopy's Home: Charles M. Schulz's home page]{{Pranala mati|date=Mei 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

* [http://www.peanutscollectible.com/ ''Peanuts'' Collectible Ornaments Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823020838/http://www.peanutscollectible.com/ |date=2007-08-23 }}

* [http://www.sheldoncomics.com/comics/peanuts/news/news_042005.html ''The Complete Peanuts: 1955-1956''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613194941/http://www.sheldoncomics.com/comics/peanuts/news/news_042005.html |date=2006-06-13 }}