Gunung Kinabalu: Perbedaan antara revisi
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▲{{Infobox Mountain
▲|Name=Gunung Kinabalu [[Image:Flag of Malaysia.svg|35px]]
▲|Photo=MtKinabalu_view_from_kundasan.jpg
| elevation_m = 4.095
▲|Caption=Gunung Kinabalu
▲|Location=[[Sabah]], [[Borneo]]
| prominence_m = 4.095
▲|Range=[[Banjaran Crocker]]
▲|Coordinates={{coor dm|06|05|N|116|33|E|type:mountain}}
▲|First ascent=[[1858]] oleh [[Hugh Low|H. Low]] dan [[Spenser St. John|S. St. John]]
}}
▲|Easiest route=[[mendaki|daki]]}}
[[File:Mount Kinabalu Morning sunrise.jpg|thumb|280 px|Pemandangan matahari terbenam di Gunung Kinabalu]]
'''Gunung Kinabalu'''
Gunung Kinabalu
▲'''Gunung Kinabalu''' yang terletak di [[Sabah]], [[Malaysia]], mempunyai ketinggian setinggi 4,095 [[meter]] daripada aras laut. Gunung Kinabalu merupakan [[gunung]] ketiga tertinggi di [[Asia Tenggara]].
Gunung Kinabalu merupakan lambang
▲Gunung Kinabalu mempunyai kawasan [[hutan Dipterokarp Bukit]], [[hutan Dipterokarp Atas]], [[hutan Montane]] dan [[hutan Ericaceous|Hutan Ericaceous atau hutan gunung]].
== Pembentukan ==▼
▲Gunung Kinabalu merupakan lambang kemegahan kepada setiap penduduk yang tinggal di [[Sabah]]. Sesetengah penduduk menganggap Gunung Kinabalu ini merupakan gunung yang dapat memberikan semangat juang dan satu padu rakyat Sabah. Gunung Kinabalu banyak menyimpan cerita dan kisah-kisah yang misteri. Menurut kepercayaan masyararakat [[Kadazan]] Sabah, Gunung Kinabalu merupakan tempat bersemadinya ''semangat'' mereka selepas meninggal dunia.
Gunung Kinabalu
Tekanan itu
▲==Pembentukan==
▲Gunung Kinabalu terhasil dari pertembungan [[litosfera]] [[Laut China Selatan]] dan litosfera yang membentuk kepulauan Borneo. Litosfera ialah bahagian paling atas permukaan [[kerak bumi]]. Dalam pertembungan itu, litosfera Laut Cina Selatan semakin terbenam ke bawah permukaan bumi memberi tekanan kepada [[litosfera]] yang membentuk [[Kepulauan Borneo]].
▲Tekanan itu menolak bongkah Gunung Kinabalu yang terletak di bawah permukaan bumi naik ke atas permukaan [[bumi]]. Tolakan itu menyebabkan Gunung Kinabalu semakin meninggi setiap tahun tetapi pada kadar yang amat perlahan (5 mm) dan sukar dilihat dengan mata kasar <ref>[http://www.sabahparks.org.my/pages/kinageo.html Geology of Kinabalu]</ref>.
▲Ketinggian asal Gunung Kinabalu dipercayai lebih tinggi iaitu antara lima hingga lapan kilometer (km) dari ketinggian sekarang. Bagaimanapun hakisan yang berlaku selama berjuta-juta tahun, menyebabkan paras Gunung Kinabalu kini hanya tinggal 4,095 [[meter]].
[[Berkas:Mount Kota Kinabalu.JPG|jmpl|ka|250px|Gunung Kinabalu dilihat dari lereng bukit.]]
Permukaan asal Gunung Kinabalu terdiri
▲==Ciri fizikal==
== Temperatur ==
▲Permukaan asal Gunung Kinabalu terdiri daripada batu-batu sedimen yang terdedah kepada hakisan selama lapan hingga 12 juta tahun. Hakisan yang berterusan itu akhirnya mendedahkan batuan pluton yang lebih tegar.
Suhu Gunung Kinabalu biasanya berdiri dari -4 °C hingga 8 °C pada bulan Desember hingga Januari, dan 3 °C hingga 12 °C pada bulan [[Juni]] hingga [[September]]. Karena dinginnya gunung di bulan Desember hingga Januari, kadang-kadang [[salju]] dan es muncul di puncak Gunung Kinabalu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/01/25/did-it-snow-on-the-summit-of-mount-kinabalu/|title=Did it snow on the summit of Mount Kinabalu?|work=The Star|date=25 January 2014|accessdate=19 June 2017|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610002142/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/01/25/did-it-snow-on-the-summit-of-mount-kinabalu/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://says.com/my/news/ice-sheets-found-on-mount-kinabalu-sabah|title=Ice Sheets And 'Snow' Have Formed on Mount Kinabalu!|author=Tang Ruxyn|publisher=Says.com|date=10 February 2017|accessdate=19 June 2017|archive-date=2017-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728180619/http://says.com/my/news/ice-sheets-found-on-mount-kinabalu-sabah|dead-url=no}}</ref> Namun, kejadian salju telah tercatat sekali pada akhir abad ke-20.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://slashsabah.blogspot.com/2017/02/gunung-kinabalu-pernah-diselebungi-salji.html|title=/SBH: Gunung Kinabalu pernah diselebungi salji|last=Izham|date=2017-02-12|website=/SBH|access-date=2020-01-21|archive-date=2019-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129115943/http://slashsabah.blogspot.com/2017/02/gunung-kinabalu-pernah-diselebungi-salji.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
{{wide image|Mount kinabalu panorama.jpg|1400px|Pemandangan [[panorama]] dari puncak Gunung Kinabalu|align-cap=center|Pemandangan Kinabalu dari puncak.}}
▲Kesemua puncak tinggi di [[Bumi|dunia]] dilitupi ais tebal pada [[waktu kuartenar]] atau [[zaman air batu]] yang berlaku kurang daripada satu juta tahun lalu termasuklah Gunung Kinabalu yang ketika itu sama paras dengan gunung-gunung di [[Himalaya|Banjaran Himalaya]]. Ketika waktu itu puncak Kinabalu diliputi ais dan berlaku pergerakan [[glasier]]. Kesan pergerakan glasier boleh dilihat di kawasan [[Pinusok Gravel]] iaitu satu tempat yang terletak antara [[Kundasang]] dan [[Ranau]].
==
{{reflist}}
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* Thomas Fuller (9 April 1999). [https://mobile.nytimes.com/1999/04/09/style/into-the-mists-of-borneos-kinabalu.html Into the Mists of Borneo's Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114406/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/09/style/IHT-into-the-mists-of-borneos-kinabalu.html |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[The New York Times]]''.
* Hugh; Midori Paxton (7 March 2001). [https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2001/03/07/travel/climb-rain-forests-to-the-clouds/ Climb rain forests to the clouds] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108000154/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2001/03/07/travel/climb-rain-forests-to-the-clouds/ |date=2019-01-08 }}. '' [[The Japan Times]]''.
* Jim Solicki (23 June 2001). [https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/life/they-came-they-climbed-mount-kinabalu-conquered/article22499482/ They came, they climbed: Mount Kinabalu conquered] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206095844/https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/life/they-came-they-climbed-mount-kinabalu-conquered/article22499482/ |date=2019-12-06 }}. ''[[The Globe and Mail]]''.
* Jocasta Webb (1 September 2001). [https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/sep/01/climbingholidays.malaysia.guardiansaturdaytravelsection The truth about Mount Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527000205/http://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/sep/01/climbingholidays.malaysia.guardiansaturdaytravelsection |date=2016-05-27 }}. ''[[The Guardian]]''
* Flip Byrnes (18 August 2010). [http://i.stuff.co.nz/travel/international/4035889/Least-known-most-exhilarating-hikes Least-known, most exhilarating hikes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114418/http://i.stuff.co.nz/travel/4035889/Least-known-most-exhilarating-hikes |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[Stuff.co.nz]]''
* Niall McIlroy (9 July 2011). [https://thewest.com.au/news/oceania/man-versus-mountain-ng-ya-161212 Man versus mountain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206095836/https://thewest.com.au/news/oceania/man-versus-mountain-ng-ya-161212 |date=2019-12-06 }}. ''[[The West Australian]]''.
* Gabby Salazar (2 June 2014). [http://adventureblog.nationalgeographic.com/2014/06/02/sunrise-hiking-on-mount-kinabalu/ Sunrise Hiking on Mount Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801183248/http://adventureblog.nationalgeographic.com/2014/06/02/sunrise-hiking-on-mount-kinabalu/ |date=2017-08-01 }}. ''[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic]]''
* Sasha Gonzales (14 April 2015). [http://m.scmp.com/lifestyle/health/article/1765539/if-hell-were-mountain-it-would-look-mount-kinabalu-hong-kong-hikers 'If hell were a mountain, it would look like Mount Kinabalu': a Hong Kong hiker's Borneo blues] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114407/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/health/article/1765539/if-hell-were-mountain-it-would-look-mount-kinabalu-hong-kong-hikers |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[South China Morning Post]]''
* Amy Willis (11 June 2015). [http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/11/what-are-the-rules-on-climbing-mount-kinabalu-and-why-is-it-so-sacred-5240535/ What are the rules on climbing Mount Kinabalu and why is it so sacred?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012050226/http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/11/what-are-the-rules-on-climbing-mount-kinabalu-and-why-is-it-so-sacred-5240535/ |date=2017-10-12 }}. ''[[Metro (website)|Metro]]''.
{{refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
* {{wikivoyage-inline}}
* {{commons category-inline|position=left|Mount Kinabalu}}
* [http://www.sabahparks.org.my/ Sabah Parks website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041127124733/http://www.sabahparks.org.my/ |date=2004-11-27 }}
* [http://bookmarktravel.com/blog/mt-kinabalu-climbers-who-have-hiked-the-mountain/ List of climbers who have hiked Mount Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530071531/http://bookmarktravel.com/blog/mt-kinabalu-climbers-who-have-hiked-the-mountain/ |date=2015-05-30 }}
{{Titik tertinggi di Asia}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kinabalu, Gunung}}
[[Kategori:Gunung di Sabah|Kinabalu]]
[[Kategori:Gunung di Malaysia|Kinabalu]]
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