Gunung Kinabalu: Perbedaan antara revisi
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▲{{Infobox Mountain
▲|Name=Gunung Kinabalu [[Berkas:Flag of Malaysia.svg|35px]]
▲|Photo=MtKinabalu_view_from_kundasan.jpg
| elevation_m = 4.095
▲|Caption=Gunung Kinabalu
▲|Location=[[Sabah]], [[Kalimantan]]
| prominence_m = 4.095
▲|Range=[[Pegunungan Crocker]]
▲|Coordinates={{coor dm|06|05|N|116|33|E|type:mountain}}
▲|First ascent=[[1858]] oleh [[Hugh Low|H. Low]] dan [[Spenser St. John|S. St. John]]
}}
▲|Easiest route=[[pendakian|daki]]}}
[[File:Mount Kinabalu Morning sunrise.jpg|thumb|280 px|Pemandangan matahari terbenam di Gunung Kinabalu]]
'''Gunung Kinabalu''' terletak di [[Sabah]], [[Malaysia]], dengan ketinggian 4
Gunung Kinabalu terdiri atas 4 kawasan yaitu [[hutan Dipterokarp Bukit]], [[hutan Dipterokarp Atas]], [[hutan Montane]] dan [[hutan Ericaceous|Hutan Ericaceous atau hutan gunung]].
Gunung Kinabalu merupakan lambang kebesaran penduduk yang tinggal di [[Sabah]]. Penduduk Sabah menganggap Gunung Kinabalu dapat memberikan semangat juang dan persatuan mereka. Gunung Kinabalu banyak menyimpan cerita dan kisah-kisah misteri. Menurut kepercayaan masyarakat [[Suku Dayak Kadazan|Dayak Kadazan]] Sabah, Gunung Kinabalu merupakan tempat bersemedinya ''jiwa'' mereka setelah meninggal dunia.
== Pembentukan ==
Gunung Kinabalu terbentuk dari tumbukan [[litosfera]] [[Laut
Tekanan itu mendorong bongkahan Gunung Kinabalu yang terletak di bawah permukaan bumi naik ke atas permukaan [[bumi]]. Dorongan itu menyebabkan Gunung Kinabalu bertambah tingginya 5
Tinggi Gunung Kinabalu dulu diduga lebih tinggi dari tinggi yang sekarang yaitu antara lima hingga delapan kilometer (km). Tetapi kikisan yang terjadi selama jutaan tahun, menyebabkan tinggi Gunung Kinabalu hanya tinggal 4,094 [[meter]] kini.
== Ciri fisik ==
[[Berkas:Mount Kota Kinabalu.JPG|
Permukaan asal Gunung Kinabalu terdiri dari batuan sedimen yang terpecah karena kikisan selama 8 hingga 12 juta tahun. kikisan yang terus menerus itu akhirnya mennyebabkan batuan beku menjadi lebih kuat.
Semua puncak tinggi di [[Bumi|dunia]] ditutupi es tebal pada [[waktu kuartenar]] atau [[zaman air batu]] yang terjadi kurang lebih satu juta tahun yang lalu termasuk Gunung Kinabalu yang ketika itu sama tingginya dengan gunung-gunung di [[Himalaya|Pegunungan Himalaya]]. Ketika itu puncak Kinabalu diselubungi es dan terjadi pencairan [[glasier]]. Pencairan glasier itu dapat dilihat di kawasan [[Pinusok Gravel]] yaitu sebuah tempat yang terletak di antara [[Kundasang]] dan [[Ranau]].
== Temperatur ==
Suhu Gunung Kinabalu biasanya berdiri dari -4 °C hingga 8 °C pada bulan Desember hingga Januari, dan 3 °C hingga 12 °C pada bulan [[Juni]] hingga [[September]]. Karena dinginnya gunung di bulan Desember hingga Januari, kadang-kadang [[salju]] dan es muncul di puncak Gunung Kinabalu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/01/25/did-it-snow-on-the-summit-of-mount-kinabalu/|title=Did it snow on the summit of Mount Kinabalu?|work=The Star|date=25 January 2014|accessdate=19 June 2017|archive-date=2017-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610002142/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/01/25/did-it-snow-on-the-summit-of-mount-kinabalu/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://says.com/my/news/ice-sheets-found-on-mount-kinabalu-sabah|title=Ice Sheets And 'Snow' Have Formed on Mount Kinabalu!|author=Tang Ruxyn|publisher=Says.com|date=10 February 2017|accessdate=19 June 2017|archive-date=2017-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728180619/http://says.com/my/news/ice-sheets-found-on-mount-kinabalu-sabah|dead-url=no}}</ref> Namun, kejadian salju telah tercatat sekali pada akhir abad ke-20.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://slashsabah.blogspot.com/2017/02/gunung-kinabalu-pernah-diselebungi-salji.html|title=/SBH: Gunung Kinabalu pernah diselebungi salji|last=Izham|date=2017-02-12|website=/SBH|access-date=2020-01-21|archive-date=2019-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129115943/http://slashsabah.blogspot.com/2017/02/gunung-kinabalu-pernah-diselebungi-salji.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
{{wide image|Mount kinabalu panorama.jpg|1400px|Pemandangan [[panorama]] dari puncak Gunung Kinabalu|align-cap=center|Pemandangan Kinabalu dari puncak.}}
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* Thomas Fuller (9 April 1999). [https://mobile.nytimes.com/1999/04/09/style/into-the-mists-of-borneos-kinabalu.html Into the Mists of Borneo's Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114406/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/09/style/IHT-into-the-mists-of-borneos-kinabalu.html |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[The New York Times]]''.
* Hugh; Midori Paxton (7 March 2001). [https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2001/03/07/travel/climb-rain-forests-to-the-clouds/ Climb rain forests to the clouds] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108000154/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2001/03/07/travel/climb-rain-forests-to-the-clouds/ |date=2019-01-08 }}. '' [[The Japan Times]]''.
* Jim Solicki (23 June 2001). [https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/life/they-came-they-climbed-mount-kinabalu-conquered/article22499482/ They came, they climbed: Mount Kinabalu conquered] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206095844/https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/life/they-came-they-climbed-mount-kinabalu-conquered/article22499482/ |date=2019-12-06 }}. ''[[The Globe and Mail]]''.
* Jocasta Webb (1 September 2001). [https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/sep/01/climbingholidays.malaysia.guardiansaturdaytravelsection The truth about Mount Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160527000205/http://www.theguardian.com/travel/2001/sep/01/climbingholidays.malaysia.guardiansaturdaytravelsection |date=2016-05-27 }}. ''[[The Guardian]]''
* Flip Byrnes (18 August 2010). [http://i.stuff.co.nz/travel/international/4035889/Least-known-most-exhilarating-hikes Least-known, most exhilarating hikes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114418/http://i.stuff.co.nz/travel/4035889/Least-known-most-exhilarating-hikes |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[Stuff.co.nz]]''
* Niall McIlroy (9 July 2011). [https://thewest.com.au/news/oceania/man-versus-mountain-ng-ya-161212 Man versus mountain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206095836/https://thewest.com.au/news/oceania/man-versus-mountain-ng-ya-161212 |date=2019-12-06 }}. ''[[The West Australian]]''.
* Gabby Salazar (2 June 2014). [http://adventureblog.nationalgeographic.com/2014/06/02/sunrise-hiking-on-mount-kinabalu/ Sunrise Hiking on Mount Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801183248/http://adventureblog.nationalgeographic.com/2014/06/02/sunrise-hiking-on-mount-kinabalu/ |date=2017-08-01 }}. ''[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic]]''
* Sasha Gonzales (14 April 2015). [http://m.scmp.com/lifestyle/health/article/1765539/if-hell-were-mountain-it-would-look-mount-kinabalu-hong-kong-hikers 'If hell were a mountain, it would look like Mount Kinabalu': a Hong Kong hiker's Borneo blues] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202114407/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/health/article/1765539/if-hell-were-mountain-it-would-look-mount-kinabalu-hong-kong-hikers |date=2021-12-02 }}. ''[[South China Morning Post]]''
* Amy Willis (11 June 2015). [http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/11/what-are-the-rules-on-climbing-mount-kinabalu-and-why-is-it-so-sacred-5240535/ What are the rules on climbing Mount Kinabalu and why is it so sacred?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012050226/http://metro.co.uk/2015/06/11/what-are-the-rules-on-climbing-mount-kinabalu-and-why-is-it-so-sacred-5240535/ |date=2017-10-12 }}. ''[[Metro (website)|Metro]]''.
{{refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
* {{wikivoyage-inline}}
* {{commons category-inline|position=left|Mount Kinabalu}}
* [http://www.sabahparks.org.my/ Sabah Parks website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041127124733/http://www.sabahparks.org.my/ |date=2004-11-27 }}
* [http://bookmarktravel.com/blog/mt-kinabalu-climbers-who-have-hiked-the-mountain/ List of climbers who have hiked Mount Kinabalu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530071531/http://bookmarktravel.com/blog/mt-kinabalu-climbers-who-have-hiked-the-mountain/ |date=2015-05-30 }}
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