Chetumal: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Infobox settlement <!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--> <!-- Basic info ---------------->|official_name=Chetumal|other_name=|native_name=<!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->|nickname=|settlement_type=<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City) -->|motto=<!-- images and maps ----------->|image_skyline=Chetumal_aerea.jpg|imagesize=|image_caption=|image_flag=Bandera de Chetumal.PNG|flag_size=|image_seal=|seal_size=|image_shield=|shield_size=|image_blank_emblem=Emblema Othon P. Blanco.svg|blank_emblem_type=Lambang dari P. Blanco|city_logo=|citylogo_size=|image_map=Chetumallocation,QR.svg|mapsize=150px|map_caption=|image_map1=|mapsize1=|map_caption1=|image_dot_map=|dot_mapsize=|dot_map_caption=|dot_x=|dot_y=|pushpin_map=<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Template:Location_map -->|pushpin_label_position=<!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_map_caption=|pushpin_mapsize=<!-- Location ------------------>|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Mexico]]|subdivision_type1=[[States of Mexico|State]]|subdivision_name1=[[Quintana Roo]]|subdivision_type2=[[Municipalities of Quintana Roo|Municipality]]|subdivision_name2=[[Othón P. Blanco, Quintana Roo|Othon P. Blanco]]|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=<!-- Politics ----------------->|government_footnotes=|government_type=|leader_title=Wali kota|leader_name=Andrés Ruiz Morcillo|leader_title1=<!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->|leader_name1=|leader_title2=|leader_name2=|leader_title3=|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|established_title=Didirikan|established_date=May 5, 1898 (Othon P. Blanco)|established_date2=1898|established_title3=<!-- Incorporated (city) -->|established_date3=<!-- Area --------------------->|area_magnitude=|unit_pref=<!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=<!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->|area_land_km2=<!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->|area_water_km2=|area_total_sq_mi=|area_land_sq_mi=|area_water_sq_mi=|area_water_percent=|area_urban_km2=|area_urban_sq_mi=|area_metro_km2=|area_metro_sq_mi=|area_blank1_title=|area_blank1_km2=|area_blank1_sq_mi=<!-- Population ----------------------->|population_as_of=2010|population_footnotes=|population_note=|population_total=151243|population_density_km2=|population_density_sq_mi=|population_metro=|population_density_metro_km2=|population_density_metro_sq_mi=|population_urban=151243|population_density_urban_km2=|population_density_urban_sq_mi=|population_blank1_title=[[Demonym]]|population_blank1=Chetumaleño(a)|population_density_blank1_km2=|population_density_blank1_sq_mi=<!-- General information --------------->|timezone=[[Eastern Standard Time (North America)|EST]]|utc_offset=−5|coordinates={{coord|18|30|13|N|88|18|19|W|region:MX|display=inline}}|elevation_footnotes=<!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->|elevation_m=10|elevation_ft=<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->|postal_code_type=Kode pos <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->|postal_code=77000|area_code=983, 912|blank_name=|blank_info=|blank1_name=|blank1_info=|website=[http://www.chetumal.gob.mx www.chetumal.gob.mx]|footnotes=}}

'''Chetumal''' ({{Audio-IPA|Chetumal.ogg|tʃetu'mal}} ''Chactemàal''&nbsp; {{IPA-all|tɕʰaktʰe̞mɐː˨˩l|pron}}, "''Place of the Red Wood''" / "Tempat Kayu Merah") (koordinat: {{coord|18|30|13|N|88|18|19|W|scale:50000}}) adalah kota di ujung timur [[semenanjung Yukatan]] di [[Meksiko]]. Ini adalah ibukotaibu kota dari negara bagian [[Quintana Roo]]. Populasi di Chetumal pada 2010 mencapai 151,243 orang.<ref>[http://mapserver.inegi.org.mx/mgn2k/?s=geo&c=1223 2010 census tables: INEGI] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502000000/http://mapserver.inegi.org.mx/mgn2k/?s=geo&c=1223|date=May 2, 2013}}</ref>

Kota ini berada di sebelah barat teluk Chetumal, dekat dengan mulut sungai Rio Hondo. Chetumal adalah pelabuhan yang penting di kawasan situ dan beropasi sebagi gerbang jalur perdagangan Meksiko yang bertentagaan dengan [[Belize]]. Barang diangkut menggunakan jalur darat menuju [[Kota Belize|Belize City]] di selatan dari kota Chetumal, juga menggunakan jalur laut menggunakan kapal-kapal dagang. Disana juga tersedia bandara komersial, [[Bandara Internasional Chetumal]]. Karena lokasinya berada di pinggir laut Karibia, kota ini rentan terkena badai tropis. Badai Janet dan badai Dean pernah menerjang kota ini, keduanya ada pada badai kategori 5, mengakibatkan banyak lokasi di sekitar Chetumal terkena tanah longsor pada 1955 dan 2007.<ref>Carrillo, Manuel. [http://ca.today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2007-08-21T114541Z_01_LAU663956_RTRIDST_0_NEWS-STORM-DEAN-COL.XML Dean pummels Mexican resorts]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[Reuters|Reuters Canada]], 2007-08-21. Accessed 2007-08-21.</ref>

Pada masa [[Pra-Columbus|pra-columbus]], kota ini dikenal sebagai Chactemal, di Belize juga dikenal sebagai Santa Rita,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.travelbelize.org/german/html/guide/ma/ma13.html|title=Santa Rita|publisher=Naturalight Productions Ltd|author=Belize Tourist Board|work=The Belize Virtual Guide|accessdate=14 August 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930094016/http://www.travelbelize.org/german/html/guide/ma/ma13.html|archivedate=30 September 2011|df=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Warlords and maize men: a guide to the Maya sites of Belize|url=https://archive.org/details/warlordsmaizemen0000unse|publisher=Cubola Productions|year=1989|isbn=978-968-6233-06-3|author=Association for Belizean Archaeology|editor=Foster, Byron}}</ref> kota ini adalah ibu kota dari negara Maya yang menguasai bagian selatan dari Quintana Roo di zaman modern dan bagian utara Belize. Chetumal yang asli diyakini berada pada bagian lain dari sungai Rio Hondo, di Belize masa modern, bukan di tempat dimana Chetumal sekarang.

Revolusi pada tahun 1840-an yang dilakukan oleh orang-orang Maya asli melawan peraturan yang ditetapkan Mexio, atau dikenal sebagai Perang Caste Yukatan, yaitu pengusiran etnis Hispanic keluar dari wilayah ini. Banyak dari yang diusir berpindah tempatke Belize ([[Honduras]] Inggris).

{{Weather box|location=Chetumal (1951–2010)|metric first=Y|single line=Y|temperature colour=|Jan record high C=35.0|Feb record high C=36.5|Mar record high C=37.1|Apr record high C=39.5|May record high C=39.5|Jun record high C=37.5|Jul record high C=37.8|Aug record high C=39.0|Sep record high C=38.0|Oct record high C=36.2|Nov record high C=37.0|Dec record high C=39.0|year record high C=39.5|Jan high C=28.5|Feb high C=29.5|Mar high C=30.7|Apr high C=32.1|May high C=32.7|Jun high C=32.3|Jul high C=32.4|Aug high C=32.8|Sep high C=32.5|Oct high C=31.5|Nov high C=30.0|Dec high C=28.8|year high C=31.2|Jan mean C=23.4|Feb mean C=24.4|Mar mean C=26.1|Apr mean C=27.9|May mean C=28.7|Jun mean C=28.6|Jul mean C=28.5|Aug mean C=28.6|Sep mean C=28.3|Oct mean C=27.0|Nov mean C=25.2|Dec mean C=23.8|year mean C=26.7|Jan low C=18.3|Feb low C=19.2|Mar low C=21.5|Apr low C=23.7|May low C=24.6|Jun low C=25.0|Jul low C=24.5|Aug low C=24.3|Sep low C=24.0|Oct low C=22.4|Nov low C=20.4|Dec low C=18.9|year low C=22.2|Jan record low C=6.0|Feb record low C=5.0|Mar record low C=7.3|Apr record low C=9.0|May record low C=16.0|Jun record low C=18.5|Jul record low C=19.0|Aug record low C=15.0|Sep record low C=18.0|Oct record low C=12.5|Nov record low C=10.0|Dec record low C=5.5|year record low C=5.0|precipitation colour=green|Jan precipitation mm=64.4|Feb precipitation mm=35.9|Mar precipitation mm=26.4|Apr precipitation mm=36.4|May precipitation mm=128.0|Jun precipitation mm=192.7|Jul precipitation mm=146.1|Aug precipitation mm=143.7|Sep precipitation mm=206.8|Oct precipitation mm=169.0|Nov precipitation mm=92.8|Dec precipitation mm=65.4|year precipitation mm=1307.5|Jan humidity=80|Feb humidity=76|Mar humidity=74|Apr humidity=73|May humidity=74|Jun humidity=78|Jul humidity=78|Aug humidity=77|Sep humidity=79|Oct humidity=80|Nov humidity=80|Dec humidity=80|year humidity=77|unit precipitation days=0.1 mm|Jan precipitation days=9.1|Feb precipitation days=5.8|Mar precipitation days=3.8|Apr precipitation days=3.8|May precipitation days=8.0|Jun precipitation days=13.6|Jul precipitation days=14.0|Aug precipitation days=13.5|Sep precipitation days=15.8|Oct precipitation days=14.4|Nov precipitation days=11.1|Dec precipitation days=10.1|year precipitation days=123.0|Jan sun=211|Feb sun=231|Mar sun=259|Apr sun=272|May sun=276|Jun sun=218|Jul sun=225|Aug sun=236|Sep sun=204|Oct sun=218|Nov sun=206|Dec sun=205|year sun=2761|source 1=Servicio Meteorológico Nacional<ref name= SMN >{{cite web | url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Normales5110/NORMAL23032.TXT | title = Estado de Quintana Roo–Estacion: Chetumal (DGE) | work = Normales climatológicas 1951-2010 | publisher = Comision Nacional Del Agua | language = Spanish | accessdate = 7 May 2015 | year = 2012 | archive-date = 2016-03-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220709/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Normales5110/NORMAL23032.TXT | dead-url = yes }}</ref><ref name = extremas>{{cite web | url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Max-Extr/00023/00023032.TXT | title = Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Chetumal 1953–2009 | publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional | language = Spanish | accessdate = 7 May 2015 | archive-date = 2015-05-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150518075213/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Max-Extr/00023/00023032.TXT | dead-url = yes }}</ref><ref name = obs>{{cite web | url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/chetumal.pdf | title = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000 | publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional | language = Spanish | accessdate = 7 May 2015 | archive-date = 2015-04-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150425170812/http://www.smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/chetumal.pdf | dead-url = yes }}</ref>|source 2=[[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (sun, 1961–1990)<ref name = DWD> {{cite web | url = ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt | title = Station 76750 Chetumal, Q.R. | work = Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | accessdate = 7 May 2015 | archive-date = 2017-10-17 | archive-url = https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171017195327/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt | dead-url = yes }}</ref>{{efn|[ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/help/stations_list_CLIMAT_data.txt Station ID for Chetumal, Q.R. is 76750] Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration}}|date=July 2012}}

Kota ini juga memiliki sekolah musik yang menawarkan pembelajaran untuk banyak alat musik serta [[teori musik]] dan sejarah musik. Sekolah ini merupakan sekolah musik terbesar di negara bagian tersebut dan tempat dari simfoni junior Quintana Roo ("Orquesta sinfonica juvenil del estado de Quintana Roo") yang diketuai oleh Silvia Alcantara Chavero.

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070505111858/http://www.chetumalmosaico.com:80/ Chetumal Mosaico]