Embryophyta: Perbedaan antara revisi

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Mid Ordovician|Recent0|earliest=Dapingian|Ordovisium Tengah - saat ini|PS=(SporesSpora fromdari Dapingiansub-kala Dapingium (earlyawal MiddleOrdovisium OrdovicianTengah))|ref=<ref name=Gray1985>{{Citation |last=Gray |first=J. |last2=Chaloner |first2=W.G. |last3=Westoll |first3=T.S. |year=1985 |title=The Microfossil Record of Early Land Plants: Advances in Understanding of Early Terrestrialization, 1970-1984 [and Discussion] |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=309 |pagepages=167167–195 |doi=10.1098/rstb.1985.0077 |lastauthoramp=yes |bibcode=1985RSPTB.309..167G |issue=1138|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Rubinstein |first=C.V. |last2=Gerrienne |first2=P. |last3=De La Puente |first3=G.S. |last4=Astini |first4=R.A. |last5=Steemans |first5=P. |year=2010 |title=Early Middle Ordovician evidence for land plants in Argentina (eastern Gondwana) |journal=New Phytologist |volume=188 |issue=2 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03433.x |pmid=20731783 |lastauthoramp=yes |pages=365–9 }}</ref>}}

* Telomobionta <small>[[Takhtajan]], 1964</small><ref>Takhtajan, A. (1964). The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order. ''Taxon'' 13(5): 160-164, [http://www.iapt-taxon.org/historic/Congress/IBC_1964/above_order.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516014900/https://www.iapt-taxon.org/historic/Congress/IBC_1964/above_order.pdf |date=2020-05-16 }}.</ref>

* Embryobionta <small>[[Arthur Cronquist|Cronquist]] et al., 1966</small><ref>Cronquist, A., Takhtajan, A. & Zimmermann, W. (1966). On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta. Taxon, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Apr., 1966), pp. 129-134, [http://www.iapt-taxon.org/historic/Congress/IBC_1969/embryobionta.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517065917/https://www.iapt-taxon.org/historic/Congress/IBC_1969/embryobionta.pdf |date=2020-05-17 }}.</ref>

* Metaphyta <small>Whittaker, 1969</small><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Whittaker | first1 = R. H. | year = 1969 | title = New concepts of kingdoms or organisms | url = http://www.ib.usp.br/inter/0410113/downloads/Whittaker_1969.pdf | format = PDF | journal = Science | volume = 163 | issue = 3863 | pages = 150–160 | access-date = 2015-08-16 | archive-date = 2017-11-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171117160137/http://www.ib.usp.br/inter/0410113/downloads/Whittaker_1969.pdf | dead-url = yes }}</ref>

'''Embryophyta''' adalah subkingdom paling akrab dari tanaman hijau yang membentuk [[vegetasi]] di bumi. Embryophyta yang masih hidup termasuk [[lumut tanduk]], [[lumut hati]], [[lumut daun]], [[pakis]], [[lycophyta]], [[gymnospermae]] dan [[tumbuhan berbunga]], tetapi tidak mencakup [[alga hijau]]. Embryophyta secara informal disebut '''tumbuhan darat''' karena mereka tinggal terutama di habitat darat, sedangkan ganggang hijau hidup terutama di air. Semuanya [[eukariota]] [[multiseluler]] kompleks dengan [[organ reproduksi]] khusus. Namanya berasal dari karakteristik inovatif mereka memelihara embrio [[sporofit]] muda<ref>{{Cite book|last=Parker|first=Sybil, P|date=1984|title=McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology|publisher=McGraw-Hill Company|pages=117|url-status=live}}</ref> selama tahap awal pengembangan multiseluler dalam jaringan [[gametofit]] induk. Dengan beberapa pengecualian, embryophyta memperoleh energi mereka dengan [[fotosintesis]], yaitu dengan menggunakan energi sinar matahari untuk mensintesis makanan mereka dari [[karbon dioksida]] dan air.