Daftar penguasa Inggris: Perbedaan antara revisi
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(45 revisi perantara oleh 24 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Update|date=Juni 2023}}{{terjemah|Inggris}}
{{dablink|Lihat pula:[[Daftar Penguasa Britania Raya]] dan [[Daftar Penguasa Skotlandia]].}}
[[Berkas:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg|
Berikut daftar raja/ratu [[Inggris]].
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Orang pertama yang mengangkat gelar '''Raja Inggris''' rupanya adalah [[Offa dari Mercia]], walaupun kekuasaannya tidak bertahan. Di abad ke 9 Raja [[Wessex]], seorang penakluk [[Kent]] dan [[Sussex]] dari [[Mercia]]
Daftar raja Inggris biasanya dimulai dari [[Egbert dari Wessex]]
== Wangsa Mercia ==
''[[Raja (gelar)|Raja]] [[Inggris]] '' yang pertama menurut beberapa sumber adalah [[Offa]] pada 774, yang telah menjadi Raja Mercia sejak 757.<ref>{{citation |last=Keynes |first=Simon |contribution=Offa |title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England |editor-last=Lapidge |editor-first=Michael |date=1999 |publisher-=Blackwell |location=Oxford |isbn=0-631-22492-0 |pages=301–341}}{{citation |last=Wormald |first=Patrick |authorlink=Patrick Wormald |contribution=The Age of Offa and Alcuin |editor-last=Campbell |editor-first=James |title=The Anglo-Saxons |publisher=Phaidon |location=London |date=1982 |isbn=0-14-0143950-5 |pages=101–128 }} "Charlemagne, moreover, saw England as if it were ruled by two kings only; Aethelred ruling Northumbria, and Offa everything to the south." (p. 101)</ref>
{| style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
! width=22% | Monarki !! width=105px | Foto !! Lahir !! width=25% | Pernikahan !! width=19% | Meninggal
|-
|width=auto| '''[[Offa dari Mercia|Offa]]'''<br />(''<small>+OFFA•REX+</small>'')<br />774-796 || [[Berkas:Offa head.gif|99px|Offa]] || anak Thingfrith || [[Cynethryth]]<br />5 anak || 26 atau 29 Juli 796
|-
|}
Baris 19:
== Wangsa Wessex ==
{{main|Wangsa Wessex}}
Daftar penguasa Inggris biasanya dimulai dari Egbert, Raja Wessex, sejak 802, yang memiliki kekuasaan atas seluruh Inggris.<ref name="Burke's Peerage & Gentry">[http://www.burkes-peerage.net/articles/roking01.aspx Burke's Peerage & Gentry] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228045646/http://www.burkes-peerage.net/articles/roking01.aspx |date=2007-12-28 }} URL last accessed 7 September 2007.</ref> Ia mengalahkan orang Mercia pada 825, namun persatuan tidak terwujud hingga 927.
{| style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
Baris 28:
|width=auto| '''[[Æthelwulf dari Wessex|Ethelwulf]]'''<br />(''Æþelwulf'')<br />5 Februari<br />839-856 || [[Berkas:Athelwulf.jpg|100px|Ethelwulf]] || [[Aachen]]<br />anak Egbert dan Redburga || (1) [[Osburga]]<br />6 anak<br />(2) [[Judith dari Flandria|Judith]]<br />1 Oktober 853<br />tidak punya anak || 13 Januari 858<br />62/63<ref name="Burke's Peerage & Gentry"/>
|-
|width=auto| '''[[Ethelbald dari Wessex|Ethelbald]]'''<br />(''Æþelbald'')<br />856-860 || [[Berkas:Aethelbald.jpg|100px
|-
|width=auto| '''[[Æthelbert dari Wessex|Ethelbert]]'''<br />(''Æþelberht'')<br />21 Desember<br />860-865 || <small>''Gambar tak<br />tersedia''</small> || c.835<br />anak Ethelwulf dan Osburga || tak diketahui<br />2 anak || 865<br />usia sekitar30<ref name="Burke's Peerage & Gentry"/>
Baris 34:
|width=auto| '''[[Æthelred dari Wessex|Ethelred]]'''<br />(''Æþelræd'')<br />865-871 || <small>''Gambar tak<br />tersedia''</small> || c.837<br />anak Ethelwulf dan Osburga || [[Wulfrida]]<br />868<br />2 anak || 23 April 871<br />usia sekitar34<ref name="Burke's Peerage & Gentry"/>
|-
|width=auto| '''[[Alfred yang Agung|Alfred]]'''<br />(''Ælfræd'')<br />24 April<br />871–899<ref name=ArchontologyAlfred>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/alfred.php Alfred (the Great) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 15 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:KingAlfredStatueWantage.jpg|100px|Patung Alfred yang Agung di Wantage]] || c.849<br />[[Wantage]]<br />anak Ethelwulf dan Osburga<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01309d.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Alfred the Great]. URL last accessed 14 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Ealhswith]]<br />[[Winchester]]<br />868<br />6 anak<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20050119105215/http://www.geocities.com/missourimule_2000/alfredthegreat.html Alfred the Great]. URL last accessed 14 Maret 2007.</ref> || 26 Oktober 899<br />usia sekitar 50<ref name=ArchontologyAlfred />
|-
| '''[[Edward yang Lebih Tua|Edward]]'''<br />(''Eadweard'')<br />27 Oktober<br />899–924<ref name=ArchontologyEdwardElder>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/edwrd_elder.php EADWEARD (Edward the Elder) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed on 15 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:Edward the Elder.jpg|100px|Edward the Elder]] || c.871-877<br />anak Alfred dan Ealhswith<ref>There are various references listing Edward the Elder's birth as sometime in the 870s, being the second child of a marriage of 868. There are no sources listing his birth as after 877. [http://www.anglo-saxons.net/hwaet/?do=get&type=person&id=EdwardtheElder Anglo-Saxons.net
|-
|'''''[[Elfward dari Wessex|Elfward]]'''''<br />(''Ælfweard'')<br />18 Juli -<br />2 Agustus 924<ref>Note: evidence is sketchy and not all historians agree that Ælfweard became king. See [[Ælfweard of Wessex|his article]] for further details.</ref><br /><small>Succession uncertain / disputed</small> || <small>''Gambar tak<br />tersedia''</small>|| c.902<br />anak Edward dan Aelffaed || tidak menikah || 2 Agustus 924<br />usia sekitar 22
Baris 42:
| '''[[Athelstan dari Inggris|Athelstan]]'''<br />(''Æþelstan'')<br />3 Agustus<br />924–939<ref name=ArchontologyAthelstan>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/aethelstan.php Aethelstan @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 15 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:King.athelstan.tomb.arp.jpg|100px|Makam raja Athelstan di Malmesbury Abbey]] || 895<br />anak Edward dan Ecgwynn<ref>[http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/adversaries/bios/aethelstan.html EBK: Aethelstan, King of the English]. URL last accessed 15 Maret 2007.</ref> || tidak menikah<ref name=ArchontologyAthelstan /> || 27 Oktober 939<br />usia sekitar 44<ref name=ArchontologyAthelstan />
|-
| '''[[Edmund I dari Inggris|Edmund]]'''<br />(''Eadmund'')<br />28 Oktober<br />939–946<ref name=ArchontologyEdmundMagnificent>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/edmund1.php EADMUND (Edmund) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || || c.921<br />anak Edward dan Edgiva
|-
| '''[[Eadred dari Inggris|Eadred]]'''<br />(''Eadred'')<br />27 Mei<br />946–955<ref>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/eadred.php EADRED (Edred) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:Eadred.jpg|100px|Engraving rekayasa yang dibuat oleh artis anon]] || c.923<br />anak Edward dan Edgiva<ref name=EBKEdred>[http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/adversaries/bios/edred.html EBK: Edred, King of England]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || tidak menikah<ref name=EBKEdred /> || 23 November 955<br />[[Frome, Somerset|Frome]]<br />usia sekitar 32<ref>[http://www.britroyals.com/kings.asp?id=edred BritRoyals - King Edred]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref>
Baris 48:
| '''[[Eadwig dari Inggris|Eadwig]]'''<br />(''Eadwig'')<br />24 November<br />955–959<ref name=ArchontologyEdwy>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/eadwig.php EADWIG (Edwy) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:Eadwig.jpg|100px|Engraving rekayasa yang dibuat oleh artis anon]] || c.940<br />anak Edmund dan Elgiva<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05324a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: Edwy]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Ælfgifu, istri Eadwig|Elgiva]]<ref name=ArchontologyEdwy /> || 1 Oktober 959<br />usia sekitar 19<ref name=ArchontologyEdwy />
|-
| '''[[Edgar dari Inggris|Edgar]]'''<br />(''Eadgar'')<br />2 Oktober<br />959–975<ref>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/edgar1.php EADGAR (Edgar the Peacemaker) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:Edgar.jpg|100px|Raja Edgar dari England]] || c.943<br />Wessex<br />anak Edmund dan Elgiva<ref name=EBKEdgar>[http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/adversaries/bios/edgar.html EBK: Edgar the Peacemaker, King of England]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || (1) Ethelflaed<br />c.960<br />1 putra<br />(2) [[Elfthryth|Ælfthryth]]<br />c.964<ref name=EBKEdgar /><br />2 putra || 8 Juli 975<br />Winchester<br />usia sekitar 32<ref>[http://www.geocities.com/missourimule_2000/athelingtotheelder.html The Atheling] {{Webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/query?id=1256539440610900&url=www.geocities.com/missourimule_2000/athelingtotheelder.html |date=2009-10-26 }}. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref>
|-
| '''[[Edward sang Martir|Edward]]'''<br />(''Eadweard'')<br />9 Juli<br />975–978<ref name=ArchontologyEdwardMartyr>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/edwrd_martyr.php EADWEARD (Edward the Martyr) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || [[Berkas:Edward the Martyr by Edwards detail.jpg|100px|St. Edward the Martyr]] || c.962<br />anak Edgar dan Ethelflaed<ref>[http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/adversaries/bios/edwardmartyr.html EBK: Edward the Martyr, King of England]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007.</ref> || tidak menikah|| 18 Maret 978<br />[[Corfe Castle]]<br />usia sekitar 16 tahun (dibunuh)<ref name=ArchontologyEdwardMartyr />
|-
| '''[[Ethelred II dari Inggris|Ethelred]]'''<br />(''Æþelræd Unræd'')<br />19 Maret<br />978–1016<ref name=ArchontologyEthelredUnready>Ethelred the Unready was forced to go into exile in the summer of 1013, following Danish attacks, but was invited back following Sweyn Forkbeard's death. [http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/aethelred.php AETHELRED (the Unready) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007</ref> || [[Berkas:EthelUn.jpg|100px|Gambar Ethelred II]] || c.968<br />anak Edgar dan Ælfthryth<ref>[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/MEDethelred.htm Schoolnet Spartacus: Ethelred] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805131533/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/MEDethelred.htm |date=2011-08-05 }}. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007</ref> || (1) Ælflaed dari Northumbria<br />4 anak<br />(2) Aelgifu<br />991<br />6 anak<br />(3) [[Emma dari Normandy]]<br />1002<br />3 anak<ref>[http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/saxon_14.htm English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - Ethelred II, the Redeless]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007</ref> || 23 April 1016<br />[[London]]<br />usia sekitar 48<ref name=ArchontologyEthelredUnready />
|-
| '''[[Edmund Ironside]]'''<br />(''Eadmund'')<br />24 April –<br />30 November 1016<ref name=ArchontologyEdmundIronside>[http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/edmund2.php EADMUND (Edmund the Ironside) @ Archontology.org]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007</ref> || [[Berkas:Edmond II d'Angleterre.jpg|100px|Edmund Ironside]] || c.993<br />anak Ethelred dan Ælflaed<ref name=ArchontologyEdmundIronside /> || Edith dari Anglia Timur<br />2 anak<ref name=EnglishMonarchsEdmundIronside>[http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/saxon_15.htm English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - Edmund Ironside]. URL last accessed 17 Maret 2007</ref> || 30 November 1016<br />[[Glastonbury]]<br />usia sekitar 23<ref name=ArchontologyEdmundIronside /><ref name=EnglishMonarchsEdmundIronside />
Baris 81:
|-
| '''[[Harold Godwinson]]'''<br />(''Harold Godwinesson'')<br />6 Januari –<br />14 Oktober 1066<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardConfessorHaroldII /> || [[Berkas:Harold2.jpg|100px]] || c.1020<br />anak [[Godwin, Earl dari Wessex]] dan [[Gytha Thorkelsdóttir]]<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardConfessorHaroldII /> || (1) [[Edith Swannesha]]<br />6 anak
(2) [[Ealdgyth dari Mercia]]<br />[[York]]<br />c.1064<br />1 [itra<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardConfessorHaroldII />
|| 14 Oktober 1066<br />[[Hastings]]<br />usia sekitar 46 (meninggal dalam perang)<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardConfessorHaroldII />
|-
| '''[[Edgar si Ætheling|Edgar sang Pangeran (Etheling)]]'''<br />(''Eadgar Æþeling'')<br />15 Oktober –<br />17 Desember 1066<ref name=ArchontologyEdgarAtheling>After reigning for approximately 9 weeks, Edgar the Atheling submitted to William the Conqueror, who had gained control of the area to the south and immediate west of London. {{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/anglosaxon/edgar2.php |title=Eadgar (the Ætheling) - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-26 }}</ref> || <small>''Gambar tak <br />tersedia''</small> || c.1053<br />[[Hungary]]<br />anak [[Edward yang Diasingkan]] dan Agatha<ref name=ThePeerageEdgarAtheling>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p9.htm#i83 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 9 |accessdate=2007-10-26 }}</ref> || tidak menikah<ref name=ThePeerageEdgarAtheling /> || c.1125<br />usia sekitar 72<ref name=ArchontologyEdgarAtheling />
|}
== Wangsa Normandia ==
Pada 1066, William II, Adipati [[Normandia]], menaklukkan Inggris. Orang-orang [[Norman]] dari
Mulai dari saat tersebut raja-raja Inggris menggunakan [[angka Romawi]] untuk menandai raja yang bernama sama, yang diadopsi dari
{| style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
! width=22% | Monarki !! width=105px | Foto !! Lahir !! width=25% | Pernikahan !! width=19% | Meninggal
|-
| '''[[William I dari Inggris|William I]]'''<br />(''Guillaume le Conquérant/le Bâtard'')<br />25 Desember<br />1066–1087<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10203.htm |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10203 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:William1.jpg|100px|William sang Penakluk pada Perang Hastings]] ||Tahun 1028<br />[[Kastil Falaise]]<br />anak [[Robert I, Adipati Normandia]] dan [[Herleva]]<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II /> || [[Matilda dari Flandria]]<br />Chapel Notre Dame, [[Normandy]] <br />1053<br />10 anak<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II /> || 9 September 1087<br />[[St. Gervais]] di [[Rouen]]<br />usia sekitar 59.<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II />
|-
| '''[[William II dari Inggris|William II Rufus]]'''<br />(''Guillaume le Roux'')<br />26 September<br />1087–1100<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II /> || [[Berkas:William2.jpg|100px|William Rufus digambarkan di dalam naskah Stowe]] ||Tahun 1060<br />[[Normandy]]<br />anak William I dan Matilda<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II /> || tidak menikah || 2 Agustus 1100<br />[[New Forest]]<br />usia sekitar 40<ref name=ThePeerageWilliamI&II />
|-
| '''[[Henry I dari Inggris|Henry I]]'''<br />(''Henri Beauclerc'')<br />5 Agustus<br />1100–1135<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIStephen>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10204.htm |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10204 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Henry1.jpg|100px|Henry I]] || September 1068<br />[[Selby]]<br />anak William I dan Matilda<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIStephen /> || (1) [[Edith dari Skotlandia]]<br />[[Biara Westminster]]<br />11 Nopember 1100<br />4 anak<br />(2) [[Adeliza dari Louvain]]<br />[[
|-
| '''[[Stephen dari Inggris|Stephen]]'''<br />(''Étienne de Blois'')<br />22 Desember<br />1135–1154<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/king_england/stephen.php |title=STEPHEN (of Blois) - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:King_Stephen_from_NPG.jpg|100px|Stephen]] ||Tahun 1096<br />[[Blois]]<br />anak [[Stephen, Count Blois]] dan [[Adela dari Normandia]]<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIStephen /> || [[Matilda dari Boulogne]]<br />[[Westminster]]<br />1125<br />5 anak<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIStephen /> || 25 Oktober 1154<br />[[
|-
| '''''[[Matilda dari Inggris|Matilda/Maud]]'''''<br />(''Mathilde ou<br />Mahaut l'emperesse'')<br />7 April–1 Nopember 1141<ref name=ThePeerageMatilda>Matilda ruled at the same time as Stephen, but her reign was disputed. {{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10204.htm#i102037 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10204 |accessdate=2007-10-27 }}</ref><br /><small>Title disputed</small> || [[Berkas:Empress matilda.jpg|100px|Matilda]] || 7
|}
Baris 118:
! width=22% | Monarki !! width=105px | Foto !! Lahir !! width=25% | Pernikahan !! width=19% | Meninggal
|-
| '''[[Henry II dari Inggris|Henry II]]'''<br />(''Henri Court-mantel'')<br />19 Desember<br />1154–1189<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10202.htm |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10202 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Henry II of England.jpg|100px|Henry II]] || 5 Maret 1133<br />[[Le Mans]]<br />anak [[Geoffrey dari Anjou]] dan Matilda<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI /> || [[Eleanor dari Aquitaine]]<br />[[Katedral Bordeaux]]<br />18 Mei 1152<br />8 anak<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI /> || 6 Juli 1189<br />[[Château Chinon]]<br />usia 56.<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI />
|-
| '''[[Henry sang Raja Muda]]'''<br />''(Henri le Jeune Roi)''<br />([[wakil raja]] dengan ayahnya)<br />14 Juni<br />1170–1183 || [[Berkas:Henry the Young King.jpg|100px|Henry]] || 28
|| 11 Juni 1183<br />[[Martel]], [[Limoges]]<br />usia 28. Dimakamkan di [[Katedral Rouen]] (Notre-Dame)
|-
| '''[[Richard I dari Inggris|Richard I]]'''<br />(''Richard Cœur de Lion'')<br />3 September<br />1189–1199<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI /> || [[Berkas:Richard coeurdelion g.jpg|100px|Richard yang Berhati Singa, sebuah ilustrasi dari abad ke-12]] || 8 September 1157<br />[[Istana Beaumont]]<br />anak Henry II dan Eleanor<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI /> || [[Berengaria dari Navarra]]<br />[[Limassol]]<br />12 Mei 1191<br />tidak punya anak<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI /> || 6 April 1199<br />[[Château de Chalus-Chabrol|Chalus]]<br />usia 41.<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIIRichardI />
|-
| '''[[John dari Inggris|John I]]'''<br />(''Jean Sans Terre'')<br />27 Mei<br />1199–1216<ref name=ThePeerageJohn>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10201.htm#i102006 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10201 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:John of England (John Lackland).jpg|100px|John Lackland]] || 24 Desember 1167<br />Istana Beaumont<br />anak Henry II dan Eleanor<ref name=ThePeerageJohn /> || (1) [[Isabel dari Gloucester]]<br />[[Kastil Marlborough]]<br />29 Agustus 1189<br />tidak punya anak
(2) [[Isabella dari Angoulême]]<br />[[Katedral Bordeaux]]<br />24 Agustus 1200<br />5 anak<ref name=ThePeerageJohn />
|| 19 Oktober 1216<br />[[Kastil Newark]]<br />usia 48<ref name=ThePeerageJohn /> Dimakamkan di [[Katedral Worcester]]
|-
| '''[[Henry III dari Inggris|Henry III]]'''<br />28 Oktober<br />1216–1272<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIII>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10193.htm#i101923 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10193 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Henry III of England - Illustration from Cassell's History of England - Century Edition - published circa 1902.jpg|100px|Henry III]] || 1 Oktober 1207<br />[[Kastil Winchester]]<br />anak John dan Isabella<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIII /> || [[Eleanor dari Provence]]<br />[[Katedral Canterbury]]<br />14 Januari 1236<br />9 anak<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIII /> || 16 Nopember 1272<br />[[Westminster Palace]]<br />usia 65<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIII />
|-
| '''[[Edward I dari Inggris|Edward I]]'''<br />20 November<br />1272–1307<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardI>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10191.htm#i101903 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10191 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Gal nations edward i.jpg|100px|Edward I]] || 17 Juni 1239<br />Westminster Palace<br />anak Henry III dan Eleanor<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardI /> || (1) [[Eleanor dari Kastilia]]<br />[[Biara Santa Maria la Real de Huelgas]]<br />18 Oktober 1254<br />17 anak
(2) [[Marguerite dari
|| 7 Juli 1307<br />[[Burgh by Sands]]<br />usia 68<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardI />
|-
| '''[[Edward II dari Inggris|Edward II]]'''<br />7 Juli 1307 –<br />25 Januari 1327<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardII>Edward II secara resmi digulingkan oleh Parlemen pada tanggal 25 Januari 1327, dipenjara pada tanggal 16 Nopember 1326. {{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10094.htm#i100933 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10094 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:EdwardII-Cassell.jpg|100px|Gambaran modern dari
|-
| '''[[Edward III dari Inggris|Edward III]]'''<br />25 Januari<br />1327–1377<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIII>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10188.htm#i101871 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10188 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:EdwardIII-Cassell.jpg|100px|Edward III]] || 13 Nopember 1312<br />[[
|-
| '''[[Richard II dari Inggris|Richard II]]'''<br />21 Juni 1377 –<br />29 September 1399<ref name=ThePeerageRichardII>Richard II digulingkan, dan menjadi tahanan [[Henry IV dari Inggris|Henry Bolingbroke]], yang menyerap tahta dari tuntutan sebelumnya dari keturunan ayahnya [[John dari Gaunt, Adipati Pertama Lancaster|John dari Gaunt]]. {{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10206.htm#i102054 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10206 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Richard II of England.jpg|100px|Richard II, oleh André Beauneveu, tahun 1390]] || 6 Januari 1367<br />[[Bordeaux]]<br />anak [[Edward, pangeran Hitam]] dan [[Joan dari Kent]]<ref name=ThePeerageRichardII /> || (1) [[Anne dari Bohemia]]<br />14 Januari 1382<br />tidak punya anak
(2) [[Isabella dari Valois]]<br />[[Calais]]<br />4 Nopember 1396<br />tidak punya anak<ref name=ThePeerageRichardII />
|| 6 Januari 1400<br />[[Kastil Pontefract]]<br />usia 33<ref name=ThePeerageRichardII />
|}
Baris 152:
|-
| '''[[Henry IV dari Inggris|Henry IV]]'''<br />30 September<br />1399–1413<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIV&V>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10187.htm |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10187 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Henry4.JPG|100px|Henry IV]] || 3 April 1366/7<br />[[Bolingbroke Castle]]<br />anak [[John dari Gaunt]] and [[Blanche dari Lancaster]]<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIV&V /> || (1) [[Mary de Bohun]]<br />[[Arundel Castle]]<br />27 Juli 1380<br />7 anak
(2) [[Joanna dari Navarre]]<br />[[Winchester Cathedral]]<br />7 Februari 1403<br />tidak punya anak<ref name=ThePeerageHenryIV&V />
|| 20 Maret 1413<br />[[Westminster Abbey]]<br />usia 45 or 46<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/king_england/henry4.php |title=HENRY IV - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref>
|-
Baris 158:
|-
| '''[[Henry VI dari Inggris|Henry VI]]'''<br />31 Agustus 1422 – 4 Maret 1461<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI>Edward IV usurped the throne in 1461 after years of civil war. Henry VI was restored for about five months in 1470 before being deposed again permanently. {{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10186.htm#i101859 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10186 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref>
|| [[Berkas:HenryVIofEngland.JPG|100px|Henry VI]]
|| 6 Desember 1421<br />[[Windsor Castle]]<br />anak Henry V dan Catherine<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI />
|| [[Margaret dari Anjou]]<br />[[Titchfield Abbey]]<br />22 April 1445<br />1 putra<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI />
|| 21 Mei 1471<br />[[Menara London]]<br />usia 49 (dibunuh)<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI />
|}
Baris 171:
! width=22% | Monarki !! width=105px | Foto !! Lahir !! width=25% | Pernikahan !! width=19% | Meninggal
|-
| '''[[Edward IV dari Inggris|Edward IV]]'''<br />4 Maret 1461 – 2 Oktober 1470<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV>Edward was briefly deposed during his reign by Henry VI. {{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10164.htm#i101635 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10164 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref>
|| [[Berkas:EdwardIVofEngland-Yorkist.jpg|100px|Edward IV]]
|| 28 April 1442<br />[[Rouen]]<br />anak [[Richard Plantagenet]] dan [[Cecily Neville]]<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV />
|| [[Elizabeth Woodville]]<br />[[Grafton Regis]]<br />1 Mei 1464<br />10 anak<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV />
|| 9 April 1483<br />[[Westminster Palace]]<br />usia 40<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV />
|}
Baris 181:
{| style="text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"
! width=22% | Monarki !! width=105px | Foto !! Lahir !! width=25% | Pernikahan !! width=19% | Meninggal
|-
| '''[[Henry VI dari Inggris|Henry VI]]<br />'''2 Oktober 1470 – 11 April 1471<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI/>
|| [[Berkas:HenryVIofEngland.JPG|100px|Henry VI]]
|| 6 Desember 1421<br />[[Windsor Castle]]<br />anak Henry V dan Catherine<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI />
|| [[Margaret dari Anjou]]<br />[[Titchfield Abbey]]<br />22 April 1445<br />1 putra<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI />
|| 21 Mei 1471<br />[[Menara London]]<br />usia 49 (dibunuh)<ref name=ThePeerageHenryVI />
|}
Baris 195:
! width=22% | Monarki !! width=105px | Foto !! Lahir !! width=25% | Pernikahan !! width=19% | Meninggal
|-
| '''[[Edward IV dari Inggris|Edward IV]]'''<br />11 April 1471 – 9 April 1483<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV/>
|| [[Berkas:EdwardIVofEngland-Yorkist.jpg|100px|Edward IV]]
|| 28 April 1442<br />[[Rouen]]<br />anak [[Richard Plantagenet]] dan [[Cecily Neville]]<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV />
|| [[Elizabeth Woodville]]<br />[[Grafton Regis]]<br />1 Mei 1464<br />10 anak<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV />
|| 9 April 1483<br />[[Westminster Palace]]<br />usia 40<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardIV />
|-
| '''[[Edward V dari Inggris|Edward V]]'''<br />9 April–25 Juni 1483<ref name=ArchontologyEdwardV>Edward V was deposed by Richard III, who usurped the throne on the grounds that Edward was illegitimate. {{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/king_england/edward5.php |title=EDWARD V - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:King-edward-v.jpg|100px|Edward V]] || 2 November 1470<br />[[Westminster]]<br />anak Edward IV dan Elizabeth Woodville<ref name=ArchontologyEdwardV /> || tidak menikah || c. 1483<br />[[London]]<br />usia sekitar 12 (menurut tradisi dibunuh)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10165.htm#i101645 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10165 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref>
|-
| '''[[Richard III dari Inggris|Richard III]]'''<br />26 Juni<br />1483–1485<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/king_england/richard3b.php |title=RICHARD III - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> ||
|}
== Wangsa Tudor ==
{{main|
The Tudors descended matrilineally from [[John Beaufort]], one of the illegitimate anak of 14th Century English Prince [[John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster]] (third surviving anak [[Edward III of England]]), by Gaunt's long-term mistress [[Katherine Swynford]]. The descendants of an illegitimate child of English Royalty would normally have no claim on the throne, but the situation was complicated when Gaunt and Swynford eventually married in 1396 (25 years after John Beaufort's birth). In view of the marriage, the church retroactively declared the Beauforts legitimate via a papal bull the same year (also enshrined in an Act of Parliament in 1397). A subsequent proclamation by John of Gaunt's legitimate son, [[Henry IV of England|King Henry IV]], also recognized the Beauforts' legitimacy, but declared them ineligible to ever inherit the throne. Nevertheless, the Beauforts remained closely allied with Gaunt's other descendants, the Royal [[House of Lancaster]].
Baris 224:
|-
| [[Anne Boleyn]]<br />[[Westminster Palace]]<br />25 Januari 1533<br />1 putri
|-
| [[Jane Seymour]]<br />Whitehall Palace<br />30 Mei 1536<br />1 putra<br />
|-
| [[Anne dari Cleves]]<br />Greenwich Palace<br />6 Januari 1540<br />
|-
| [[Catherine Howard]]<br />[[Hampton Court Palace]]<br />28 Juli 1540
|-
| [[Catherine Parr]]<br />Hampton Court Palace<br />12 Juli 1543
|-
| '''[[Edward VI dari Inggris|Edward VI]]'''<br />28 Januari<br />1547–1553<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10150.htm |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10150 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Edward_VI_of_England_c._1546.jpg|100px|Edward VI, by Hans Eworth]] || 12 Oktober 1537<br />Hampton Court Palace<br />anak Henry VIII dan Jane Seymour<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI /> || tidak menikah || 6 Juli 1553<br />Greenwich Palace<br />usia 15<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI />
|-
| '''''[[Lady Jane Grey|Jane]]'''''<br />(''The Nine Days' Queen'')<br />10 Juli–19 Juli 1553<ref name=ThePeerageJaneGrey>Jane was deposed in favour of Mary Tudor. {{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10152.htm#i101513 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10152 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref><br /><small>''De facto'' queen; title disputed</small> || [[Berkas:Streathamladyjayne.jpg|100px]] || Oktober 1537<br />[[Bradgate Park]]<br />putri [[Henry Grey]] dan [[Frances Brandon]]<ref name=ThePeerageJaneGrey /> || [[Lord Guildford Dudley]]<br />[[Strand, London|The Strand]]<br />21 Mei 1553<br />tidak punya anak<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannia.com/history/ladyjane/marriage.html |title=Lady Jane Grey: Marriage |accessdate=2007-10-25 |archive-date=2018-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224234715/http://www.britannia.com/history/ladyjane/marriage.html%20 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> || 12 Februari 1554<br />[[Menara London]]<br />usia 16 (beheaded)<ref name=ThePeerageJaneGrey />
|-
| '''[[Mary I dari Inggris|Mary I]]'''<br />(''Bloody Mary'')<br />19 Juli<br />1553–1558<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI /> || [[Berkas:Mary I of England.jpg|100px|Mary I, by Antonius Mor, 1554]] || 18 Februari 1516<br />Greenwich Palace<br />putri Henry VIII dan Catherine<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI /> || [[Philip II dari Spanyol]]<br />[[Winchester Cathedral]]<br />25 Juli 1554<br />tidak punya anak<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI /> || 17 November 1558<br />St. James's Palace<br />usia 42<ref name=ThePeerageEdwardVIMaryIElizabethI />
Baris 251:
| '''[[James I dari Inggris|James I]]'''<br />24 Maret<br />1603–1625<ref name=ThePeerageJamesI>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10137.htm#i101370 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10137 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:JamesIEngland.jpg|100px|James I, by Paulus van Somer]] || 19 Juni 1566<br />[[Edinburgh Castle]]<br />anak [[Henry Stuart]] dan [[Mary I dari Skotlandia|Mary]]<ref name=ThePeerageJamesI /> || [[Anne dari Denmark]]<br />[[Oslo]]<br />23 November 1589<br />7 anak<ref name=ThePeerageJamesI /> || 27 Maret 1625<br />[[Theobalds House]]<br />usia 58<ref name=ThePeerageJamesI />
|-
| '''[[Charles I dari Inggris|Charles I]]'''<br />(''Saint Charles the Martyr'')<br />27 Maret<br />1625–1649<ref name=ThePeerageCharlesI>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10138.htm#i101375 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10138 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Carolus I.jpg|100px|Charles I, by Anthony van Dyck]] || 19 November 1600<br />[[Dunfermline Palace]]<br />anak James I dan Anne<ref name=ThePeerageCharlesI /> || [[Henrietta Maria dari
|}
Baris 261:
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|-
| '''[[Oliver Cromwell]]'''<br />(''Old Ironsides'')<br />16 Desember<br />1653–1658<ref name=BritishCivilWarsOliverCromwell>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/biog/oliver-cromwell.htm |title=Oliver Cromwell 1599-1658 |accessdate=2007-10-25 |archive-date=2019-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114125235/http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/biog/oliver-cromwell.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> || [[Berkas:Cooper, Oliver Cromwell.jpg|100px|Oliver Cromwell, an unfinished portrait miniature by Samuel Cooper]] || 25 April 1599<br />[[Huntingdon]]<ref name=BritishCivilWarsOliverCromwell /><br />anak Robert Cromwell dan Elizabeth Stewart<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.olivercromwell.org/faqs1.htm |title=Oliver Cromwell - Faq 1 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || Elizabeth Bourchier<br />[[St Giles-without-Cripplegate|St Giles]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stgilescripplegate.org.uk/frhistory.htm |title=New Page 1 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref><br />22 Agustus 1620<br />9 anak<ref name=BritishCivilWarsOliverCromwell /> || 3 September 1658<br />[[Whitehall]]<br />usia 59<ref name=BritishCivilWarsOliverCromwell />
|-
| '''[[Richard Cromwell]]'''<br />(''Tumbledown Dick'')<br />3 September 1658<br />– 7 Mei 1659<ref name=BritishCivilWarsRichardCromwell>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/biog/richard-cromwell.htm |title=Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector, 1626-1712 |accessdate=2007-10-25 |archive-date=2013-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521085720/http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/biog/richard-cromwell.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> || [[Berkas:RichardCromwell.jpeg|100px|Richard Cromwell, c.1650]] || 4 Oktober 1626<br />[[Huntingdon]]<br />anak Oliver Cromwell dan Elizabeth Bourchier<ref name=BritishCivilWarsRichardCromwell /> || Dorothy Maijor<br />Mei1649<br />tidak punya anak<ref name=BritishCivilWarsRichardCromwell /> || 12 Juli 1712<br />[[Cheshunt]]<br />usia 85<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/commonwealth/cromwell2.php |title=CROMWELL, Richard - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-25 |archive-date=2018-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224234722/http://www.archontology.org/nations/uk/england/commonwealth/cromwell2.php%20 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|}
Baris 272:
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|-
| '''[[Charles II dari Inggris|Charles II]]'''<br />30 Januari<br />1660-1685<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2008-12-31 |archive-date=2018-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224234707/http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon49.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><br /><small>''Royalis (Pendukung Kerajaan pada masa Interregnum/Protektorat) mencatat pemerintahannya dimulai dari tahun 1649''</small> </small> || [[Berkas:Charles II of England.jpeg|100px]] || 29 Mei 1630<br />[[St. James's Palace]]<br />anak Charles I dan Henrietta Maria<ref name=ThePeerageCharlesII>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10139.htm#i101388 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10139 |accessdate=2008-11-30}}</ref> || [[Catherine dari Braganza]]<br />[[Portsmouth]]<br />21 Mei 1662<br />3 anak (semua mati waktu kecil)<ref name=ThePeerageCharlesII /> || 6 Februari 1685<br />[[Whitehall Palace]]<br />usia 54<ref name=ThePeerageCharlesII />
|-
| '''[[James II dari Inggris|James II]]'''<br />6 Februari 1685 –<br />23 Desember 1688<ref name=ThePeerageJamesIIMaryII>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10136.htm |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10136 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[Berkas:James II of England.jpg|100px]] || 14 Oktober 1633<br />St. James's Palace<br />anak Charles I dan Henrietta Maria<ref name=ThePeerageJamesIIMaryII /> || (1) [[Anne Hyde]]<br />[[Strand, London|The Strand]]<br />3 September 1660<br />8 anak
(2) [[Mary dari Modena]]<br />[[Dover]]<br />21 November 1673<br />7 anak<ref name=ThePeerageJamesIIMaryII />
|| 16 September 1701<br />[[Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye]]<br />usia 67<ref name=ThePeerageJamesIIMaryII />
|-
Baris 284:
| '''[[Anne dari Britania Raya|Anne]]''' <br />8 Maret<br />1702-1707<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/king_grbritain/anne.php |title=Anne (England) - Archontology.org |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref><br /><small>Great Britain<br />[[Acts of Union 1707|1 Mei 1707]]-1714</small> || [[Berkas:Anniex.jpg|100px]] || 6 Februari 1665<br />St. James's Palace<br />putri James II dan Anne Hyde<ref name=ThePeerageAnne>{{cite web |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10134.htm#i101338 |title=thePeerage.com - Person Page 10134 |accessdate=2007-10-25 }}</ref> || [[George dari Denmark]]<br />St. James's Palace<br />28 Juli 1683<br />17 anak<ref name=ThePeerageAnne /> || 1 Agustus 1714<br />Kensington Palace<br />usia 49<ref name=ThePeerageAnne />
|}
{{see also|Daftar Penguasa Britania Raya}}▼
== Catatan ==
{{reflist|2}}▼
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 323 ⟶ 298:
*[[Demise of the Crown]]
*[[Mnemonic verse of monarchs in England]] -->
==Referensi==
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commonscat|Monarchs of
* [http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/kings.htm Timeline of the Kings and Queens of England]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk English Monarchs - A complete history of the Kings and Queens of England]
* [http://www.britannia.com/history/h6f.html Britannia: Monarchs of Britain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915081950/http://www.britannia.com/history/h6f.html |date=2017-09-15 }}
* [http://www.archontology.org Archontology]
* [http://www.scotlandroyalty.org/kings.html Kings of England] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160116022921/http://www.scotlandroyalty.org/kings.html |date=2016-01-16 }}
{{Penguasa Inggris, Skotlandia, Britania}}
[[Kategori:Daftar tokoh Britania Raya]]▼
[[Kategori:Raja Inggris| ]]
[[Kategori:Daftar politisi Inggris]]
|