Sifat air: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(3 revisi perantara oleh 2 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 110:
Air adalah cairan tidak berasa dan tidak berbau pada [[kondisi standar|suhu dan tekanan lingkungan]]. Air cair memiliki [[pita serapan]] yang lemah pada panjang gelombang sekitar 750&nbsp;nm yang menyebabkannya tampak berwarna biru.<ref name = Braun_1993_612>{{Cite journal|last1=Braun|first1=Charles L.|last2=Smirnov|first2=Sergei N.|date=1 Agustus 1993 |title=Why is water blue?|journal=Journal of Chemical Education|volume=70| issue=8| pages=612| bibcode=1993JChEd..70..612B |doi=10.1021/ed070p612|issn=0021-9584| url=http://inside.mines.edu/fs_home/dwu/classes/CH353/study/Why%20is%20Water%20Blue.pdf |language=en}}</ref> Hal ini dapat dengan mudah diamati di bak mandi berisi air atau wastafel yang lapisannya berwarna putih. Kristal es besar, seperti pada [[gletser]], juga tampak berwarna biru.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211107 |title=The optical and biological properties of glacial meltwater in an Antarctic fjord |author=Pan BJ, Vernet M, Reynolds RA, Mitchell BG |year=2019 |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=14 |issue=2 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0211107 |language=en}}</ref>
 
Pada [[kondisi standar]], air terutama berupa cairan, tidak seperti analog [[hidrida]] lainnya dari [[Kalkogen|keluarga oksigen]], yang umumnya berbentuk gas. Sifat unik air ini disebabkan oleh [[ikatan hidrogen]] yang dimilikinya. Molekul-molekul air terus bergerak satu sama lain, dan ikatan hidrogen terus-menerus putus dan terbentuk kembali pada skala waktu yang lebih cepat dari 200 femtosekon. (2&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>−13</sup> sekon).<ref>{{cite journal|title=Unified description of temperature-dependent hydrogen bond rearrangements in liquid water|last=Smith|first=Jared D.|author2=Christopher D. Cappa|author3=Kevin R. Wilson|author4=Ronald C. Cohen|author5=Phillip L. Geissler|author6=Richard J. Saykally|journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA|date=2005|url=http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sabl/2005/October/Hydrogen-bonds-in-liquid-water.pdf|volume=102|pmid=16179387|issue=40|pmc=1242322|pages=14171–14174|doi=10.1073/pnas.0506899102|bibcode=2005PNAS..10214171S|doi-access=free|language=en|access-date=2022-02-13|archive-date=2018-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101115518/http://www2.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sabl/2005/October/Hydrogen-bonds-in-liquid-water.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
{{cite journal|title=Unified description of temperature-dependent hydrogen bond rearrangements in liquid water|last=Smith|first=Jared D.|author2=Christopher D. Cappa |author3=Kevin R. Wilson |author4=Ronald C. Cohen |author5=Phillip L. Geissler |author6=Richard J. Saykally |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA|date=2005|url=http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/sabl/2005/October/Hydrogen-bonds-in-liquid-water.pdf|volume=102|pmid=16179387|issue=40|pmc=1242322|pages=14171–14174|doi=10.1073/pnas.0506899102|bibcode = 2005PNAS..10214171S |doi-access=free |language=en}}</ref>
Namun, ikatan ini cukup kuat untuk menciptakan banyak sifat khas air, beberapa di antaranya menjadikannya bagian integral dari kehidupan.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Vladilo G, Hassanali A. |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/8/1/1 |title=Hydrogen Bonds and Life in the Universe |journal=Life |year=2018 |volume=8 |issue=1 |page=1 |doi=10.3390/life8010001 |language=en}}</ref>
 
Baris 172 ⟶ 171:
* [[Eksperimen benang air]]
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* [https://uniklinger.com/water-to-steam-formation Water to Steam Formation]<br />
 
== Catatan kaki ==
Baris 211 ⟶ 212:
* {{cite book|last=Chaplin|first=Martin|title=Encyclopedia of Water|chapter=Structure and Properties of Water in its Various States|year=2019|pages=1–19|publisher=Wiley Online Library 2019|doi=10.1002/9781119300762.wsts0002|isbn=9781119300755|s2cid=213738895|chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119300762.wsts0002 |language=en}}
* Kalkulasi [http://ddbonline.ddbst.de/AntoineCalculation/AntoineCalculationCGI.exe?component=Water tekanan uap], [http://ddbonline.ddbst.de/DIPPR105DensityCalculation/DIPPR105CalculationCGI.exe?component=Water densitas cairan], [http://ddbonline.ddbst.de/VogelCalculation/VogelCalculationCGI.exe?component=Water viskositas dinamis cairan], dan [http://ddbonline.ddbst.de/DIPPR106SFTCalculation/DIPPR106SFTCalculationCGI.exe?component=Water tegangan permukaan] air
* [http://www.linkingweatherandclimate.com/ocean/waterdensitycalc.php Kalkulator Densitas Air] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019151312/http://linkingweatherandclimate.com/ocean/waterdensitycalc.php |date=2011-10-19 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110806030851/http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/topnav/materials/listbytype/Why_Does_Ice_Float.html Why does ice float in my drink?], [[NASA]]