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{{Infobox former political post
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg|right|180px]]
| political_office = Kepala Negara
[[Konstitusi Uni Soviet]] mengakui badan tertinggi otoritas negara di [[Uni Soviet|Uni Republik Sosialis Soviet]] sebagai [[kepala negara]]. Ketua Presidium [[Majelis Agung Uni Soviet]], dan pejabat awal Ketua Komite Eksekutif Pusat [[Kongres Uni Soviet]] yang dirombak pada tahun [[1938]], hanya memiliki kekuasaan secara seremonial. Sementara kepala negara memiliki banyak kekuasaan secara ''[[de jure]]'', hanya sedikit kekuasaan yang dimiliki secara ''[[de facto]]''.
| country = Uni Soviet
| insignia = Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg
| insigniasize = 120px
| insigniacaption = [[Lambang Negara Uni Soviet|Lambang Negara]] [[Uni Soviet]]
| image =
| caption =
| predecessor = ''Tidak ada''
| successor = [[Daftar Presiden Rusia|Presiden Federasi Rusia]]
| first_officeholder = [[Mikhail Kalinin]]
| last_officeholder = [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
| style =
| residence = [[Kremlin|Istana Agung Kremlin]], [[Moskwa]]
| appointer =
| began = [[30 Desember]] [[1922]]
| ended = [[25 Desember]] [[1991]]
| pretender =
}}
[[Konstitusi Soviet]] mengakui pemimpin lembaga negara tertinggi di [[Uni Soviet]] sebagai [[kepala negara]]. Ketua [[Presidium Majelis Agung|Presidium]] [[Majelis Agung Uni Soviet]] dan pejabat awal Ketua [[Komite Eksekutif Pusat Uni Soviet|Komite Eksekutif Pusat]] [[Kongres Majelis Uni Soviet]] yang dirombak pada tahun [[1938]] hanya memiliki kekuasaan secara seremonial. Meski kepala negara Uni Soviet memiliki kekuasaan luas secara ''[[de jure]]'', tetapi hanya sedikit kekuasaan yang dimiliki secara ''[[de facto]]''.
 
Dari sebelas tokoh yang ditunjuk sebagai kepala negara, tiga di antara mereka wafat secara alami saat bertugas ([[Leonid Brezhnev]], [[Yuri Andropov]], dan [[Konstantin Chernenko]]), dua sebagai pejabat sementara ([[Vasili Kuznetsov]] dan [[Gennady Yanayev]]), dan empat tokoh menjabat sebagai kepala negara sekaligus [[Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Komunis Uni Soviet]] dalam waktu yang bersamaan (Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko, dan [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]). Kepala negara Uni Soviet yang pertama adalah [[Mikhail Kalinin]] yang dilantik pada tahun [[1922]] setelah penandatanganan [[Traktat Pembentukan Uni Soviet]]. Kalinin pula yang menjadi pejabat kepala negara terlama selama lebih dari dua puluh tahun dan wafat tidak lama setelah mengundurkan diri pada tahun [[1946]]. Adapun pejabat yang tersingkat adalah [[Yuri Andropov]].
 
== DaftarKepala kepala negaraNegara ==
{| class="wikitable"
 
|+Daftar Kepala Negara Uni Soviet
{| class="wikitable" width=65%
!No.<br /><ref group="cat." name="vp">Kepala dan wakil kepala negara yang menjabat lebih dari sekali hanya diberi nomor satu kali dan jabatan selanjutnya ditandai dengan nomor masa jabatan pertama yang angkanya dimiringkan. Pejabat sementara kepala negara tidak diberi nomor. Penomoran ini tidak resmi.</ref>
!Nama
!Foto
!Masa Jabatan
|-
! rowspan="4" |1
! align="center" width="1%" | No.<br /><ref group="cat." name="vp">Kepala dan wakil kepala negara yang menjabat lebih dari sekali hanya diberi nomor satu kali dan jabatan selanjutnya ditandai dengan nomor masa jabatan pertama yang angkanya dimiringkan. Pejabat sementara kepala negara tidak diberi nomor. Penomoran ini tidak resmi.</ref>
! colspan="3" |Ketua Komite Eksekutif Pusat Kongres Majelis Agung Uni Soviet (1922–1938)
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Nama
! scope="col" width="1%" | Foto
! scope="col" style="width:10em;" | Masa Jabatan
|-
!'''[[Mikhail Kalinin]]'''
! rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"| 1
'''(1875–1946)<ref name="kalinin2">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq|title=The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev|author=Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2007|isbn=9780300092066|location=|page=413}}</ref>'''
|[[Berkas:Калинин М. И. (1920).jpg|pus|nirbing|161x161px]]
|30 Desember 1922–12 Januari 1938
|-
! colspan="4" align="center3" |Ketua KomitePresidium EksekutifMajelis Pusat KongresAgung Uni Soviet<br> (1922–19381938–1989)
|-
![[Mikhail Kalinin]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Mikhail Kalinin]]<br>(1875–1946)<ref name="kalinin">{{cite book | author = Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen | page = 413 | title = The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev | location = | publisher = Yale University Press | year = 2007 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq | isbn = 978-0300092066}}</ref>
(1875–1946)<ref name="kalinin2"/>
|[[Image:Kalinin.jpg|100px]]
|[[Berkas:Калинин М. И. (1920).jpg|pus|nirbing|167x167px]]
| align="center" | 30 Desember 1922–12 Januari 1938
|17 Januari 1938–19 Maret 1946
|-
!2
!colspan="4" align="center" |Ketua Presidium Majelis Agung Uni Soviet<br>(1938–1989)
![[Nikolay Shvernik]]
(1888–1970)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq|title=The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev|author=Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0300092066|location=|page=441}}</ref>
|[[Berkas:Николай Михайлович Шверник.jpg|pus|nirbing|174x174px]]
|19 Maret 1946–6 Maret 1953
|-
!3
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Mikhail Kalinin]]<br>(1875–1946)<ref name="kalinin"/>
![[Kliment Voroshilov]]
|[[Image:Kalinin.jpg|100px]]
(1881–1969)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq|title=The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev|author=Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0300092066|location=|page=406}}</ref>
| align="center" | 17 Januari 1938–19 Maret 1946
|[[Berkas:Kliment Voroshilov.jpg|pus|nirbing|158x158px]]
|15 Maret 1953–7 Mei 1960
|-
!4
! style="text-align:center;"| 2
![[Leonid Brezhnev]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Nikolay Shvernik]]<br>(1888–1970)<ref>{{cite book | author = Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen | page = 441 | title = The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev | location = | publisher = Yale University Press | year = 2007 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq | isbn = 978-0300092066}}</ref>
(1906–1982)<ref name="brezhnev2">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=VVFuYN8TS5AC&dq|title=Daily Life in the Soviet Union|author=Bliss Eaton, Katherine|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2004|isbn=978-0313316289|location=|page=29}}</ref>
|[[Image:NikolayShvernik.jpg|100px]]
|[[Berkas:Staatshoofden, portretten, Bestanddeelnr 925-6564 (cropped)(d).jpg|pus|nirbing|152x152px]]
| align="center" | 19 Maret 1946–6 Maret 1953
|7 Mei 1960–15 Juli 1964
|-
!5
! style="text-align:center;"| 3
![[Anastas Mikoyan]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Kliment Voroshilov]]<br>(1881–1969)<ref>{{cite book | author = Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen | page = 406 | title = The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev | location = | publisher = Yale University Press | year = 2007 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq | isbn = 978-0300092066}}</ref>
(1895–1975)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq|title=The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev|author=Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0300092067|location=|page=404}}</ref>
|[[Image:Klim voroshilov.JPG|100px]]
|[[Berkas:Анастас_Иванович_Микоян.jpg|pus|nirbing|136x136px]]
| align="center" | 15 Maret 1953–7 Mei 1960
|15 Juli 1964–9 Desember 1965
|-
!6
! style="text-align:center;"| 4
![[Nikolay Podgorny]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Leonid Brezhnev]]<br>(1906–1982)<ref name="brezhnev">{{cite book | author = Bliss Eaton, Katherine | page = 29 | title = Daily Life in the Soviet Union | location = | publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | year = 2004 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=VVFuYN8TS5AC&dq | isbn = 978-0313316289 }}</ref>
(1903–1983)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6BzucnMoWfQC&dq|title=The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context|author=Ploss, Sidney|publisher=McFarland & Company|year=2010|isbn=978-0786444861|location=|page=218}}</ref>
|[[Image:1977 CPA 4774(Cutted).jpg|100px]]
|[[Berkas:Nicolai Podgorny.jpg|pus|nirbing|162x162px]]
| align="center" | 7 Mei 1960–15 Juli 1964
|9 Desember 1965–16 Juni 1977
|-
!7''(4)''
! style="text-align:center;"| 5
![[Leonid Brezhnev]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Anastas Mikoyan]]<br>(1895–1975)<ref>{{cite book | author = Shepilov, Dmitri; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen | page = 404 | title = The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev | location = | publisher = Yale University Press | year = 2007 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=RwfIEhLDaMsC&dq | isbn = 978-0300092067}}</ref>
(1906–1982)<ref name="brezhnev2" />
|[[Image:Анастас Иванович Микоян.jpg|100px]]
|[[Berkas:Staatshoofden, portretten, Bestanddeelnr 925-6564 (cropped)(d).jpg|pus|nirbing|152x152px]]
| align="center" | 15 Juli 1964–9 Desember 1965
|16 Juni 1977–10 November 1982
|-
!—
! style="text-align:center;"| 6
![[Vasili Kuznetsov]] (Plt.)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Nikolai Podgorny]]<br>(1903–1983)<ref>{{cite book | author = Ploss, Sidney | page = 218 | title = The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context | location = | publisher = McFarland & Company | year = 2010 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=6BzucnMoWfQC&dq | isbn = 978-0786444861 }}</ref>
(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov3">{{cite web|url=http://www.hrono.info/biograf/bio_k/kuznecovvv.php|title=Кузнецов Василий Васильевич|publisher=World History on the Internet|language=Rusia|accessdate=7 December 2010|trans_title=Vasili Vasilyevich Kuznetsov}}</ref>
| [[Image:Nicolai Podgorny.jpg|100px|alt=Nikolai Podgorny as depicted during his visit to the German Democratic Republic in 1963]]
|
| align="center" | 9 Desember 1965–16 Juni 1977
|10 November 1982–16 Juni 1983
|-
!8
![[Yuri Andropov]]
(1914–1984)<ref name="andropov2">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6BzucnMoWfQC&dq|title=The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context|author=Ploss, Sidney|publisher=McFarland & Company|year=2010|isbn=978-0786444861|location=|page=216}}</ref>
|[[Berkas:Andropov1.jpg|pus|161x161px]]
|16 Juni 1983–9 Februari 1984
|-
!—
! style="text-align:center;"| ''4''
![[Vasili Kuznetsov]] (Plt.)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Leonid Brezhnev]]<br>(1906–1982)<ref name="brezhnev"/>
(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov3"/>
|[[Image:1977 CPA 4774(Cutted).jpg|100px]]
|
| align="center" | 16 Juni 1977–10 November 1982
|9 Februari 1984–11 April 1984
|-
!9
! style="text-align:center;"| —
![[Konstantin Chernenko]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Vasili Kuznetsov]]<br>(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov">{{cite web | url = http://www.hrono.info/biograf/bio_k/kuznecovvv.php | title = Кузнецов Василий Васильевич | language = Russian | publisher = World History on the Internet | accessdate = 7 December 2010 | trans_title = Vasili Vasilyevich Kuznetsov }}</ref>
(1911–1985)<ref name="andropov2"/>
| align=center | —
|
| align="center" | 10 November 1982–16 Juni 1983
|11 April 1984–10 Maret 1985
|-
!—
! style="text-align:center;"| 7
![[Vasili Kuznetsov]] (Plt.)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Yuri Andropov]]<br>(1914–1984)<ref name="andropov"/>
(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov3"/>
| [[File:Jurij Andropov (Bundesarchiv).JPG|100px]]
|
| align="center" | 16 Juni 1983–9 Februari 1984
|10 Maret 1985–27 Juli 1985
|-
!10
! style="text-align:center;"| —
![[Andrey Gromyko]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Vasili Kuznetsov]]<br>(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov"/>
(1909–1989)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6BzucnMoWfQC&dq|title=The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context|author=Ploss, Sidney|publisher=McFarland & Company|year=2010|isbn=978-0786444861|location=|page=217}}</ref>
| align=center | —
|[[Berkas:Andrei Gromyko 1972 (cropped).jpg|pus|nirbing|167x167px]]
| align="center" | 9 Februari 1984–11 April 1984
|27 Juli 1985–1 Oktober 1988
|-
! rowspan="5" |11
! style="text-align:center;"| 8
![[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Konstantin Chernenko]]<br>(1911–1985)<ref name="andropov">{{cite book | author = Ploss, Sidney | page = 216 | title = The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context | location = | publisher = McFarland & Company | year = 2010 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=6BzucnMoWfQC&dq | isbn = 978-0786444861}}</ref>
(1931–)<ref name="gorbachev4">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=VVFuYN8TS5AC&dq|title=Daily Life in the Soviet Union|author=Bliss Eaton, Katherine|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2004|isbn=978-0313316289|location=|page=32}}</ref>
| [[File:Konstantin Chernenko1.jpg|100px]]
|[[Berkas:RIAN_archive_850809_General_Secretary_of_the_CPSU_CC_M._Gorbachev_(crop).jpg|pus|133x133px]]
| align="center" | 11 April 1984–10 Maret 1985
|1 Oktober 1988–25 Mei 1989
|-
! colspan="3" |Ketua Majelis Agung Uni Soviet (1989–1990){{#tag:ref|Pada tanggal 15 Maret 1990, sebagian besar kekuasaan konstitusional dialihkan ke jabatan yang baru dibentuk, yaitu [[Presiden Uni Soviet]]. [[Anatoly Lukyanov]] terpilih sebagai Ketua Majelis Agung Uni Soviet untuk menggantikan [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]. Walaupun nama jabatan Ketua Majelis Agung tidak diubah, kekuasaannya turun menjadi juru bicara parlemen, bukan lagi kepala negara. Kekuasaan eksekutif yang sebenarnya tetap dipegang oleh Gorbachev.<ref>{{cite book|author = Anderson, John|page = 188|title = Religion, state, and politics in the Soviet Union and successor states|location =|publisher = Cambridge University Press|year = 1994|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=S9vPzWk9uowC&dq|isbn = 978-0521467841 }}</ref>|group="cat."}}
! style="text-align:center;"| —
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" |[[Vasili Kuznetsov]]<br>(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov"/>
| align=center | —
| align="center" | 10 Maret 1985–27 Juli 1985
|-
![[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
! style="text-align:center;"| 9
(1931–)<ref name="gorbachev4"/>
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Andrei Gromyko]]<br>(1909–1989)<ref>{{cite book | author = Ploss, Sidney | page = 217 | title = The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context | location = | publisher = McFarland & Company | year = 2010 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=6BzucnMoWfQC&dq | isbn = 978-0786444861}}</ref>
|[[Berkas:RIAN_archive_850809_General_Secretary_of_the_CPSU_CC_M._Gorbachev_(crop).jpg|pus|133x133px]]
| [[File:Andrej Gromyko 1967.png|100px]]
|25 Mei 1989–15 Maret 1990
| align="center" | 27 Juli 1985–1 Oktober 1988
|-
! colspan="3" |[[Presiden Uni Soviet]] (1990–1991)
! rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;"| 10
|-
![[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]<br>(lahir tahun 1931)<ref name="gorbachev"/>
(1931–)<ref name="gorbachev4"/>
| [[File:Mikhail Gorbachev 1987.jpg|100px]]
|[[Berkas:RIAN_archive_850809_General_Secretary_of_the_CPSU_CC_M._Gorbachev_(crop).jpg|pus|133x133px]]
| align="center" | 1 Oktober 1988–25 Mei 1989
|15 Maret 1990–25 Desember 1991
|}
 
== Wakil Kepala Negara ==
{{Infobox former political post
| political_office = Wakil Kepala Negara
| country = Uni Soviet
| insignia = Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg
| insigniasize = 120px
| insigniacaption = [[Lambang Negara Uni Soviet|Lambang Negara]] [[Uni Soviet]]
| image =
| caption =
| first_officeholder = [[Vasili Kuznetsov]]
| last_officeholder = [[Gennady Yanayev]]
| style =
| residence = [[Kremlin|Istana Agung Kremlin]], [[Moskwa]]
| appointer =
| began = [[7 Oktober]] [[1977]]
| ended = [[25 Desember]] [[1991]]
}}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+Wakil Kepala Negara Uni Soviet
!No.
<ref group="cat." name="vp"/>
!Nama
!Foto
!Masa Jabatan
|-
! colspan="4" |Wakil Ketua Pertama Presidium Majelis Agung Uni Soviet (1977–1989)
!colspan="4" align="center" | Ketua Majelis Agung Uni Soviet<br>(1989–1990){{#tag:ref|Pada tanggal 15 Maret 1990, sebagian besar kekuasaan konstitusional dialihkan ke jabatan yang baru dibentuk, yaitu [[Presiden Uni Soviet]]. [[Anatoly Lukyanov]] terpilih sebagai Ketua Majelis Agung Uni Soviet untuk menggantikan [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]. Walaupun nama jabatan Ketua Majelis Agung tidak diubah, kekuasaannya turun menjadi juru bicara parlemen, bukan lagi kepala negara. Kekuasaan eksekutif yang sebenarnya tetap dipegang oleh Gorbachev.<ref>{{cite book | author = Anderson, John | page = 188 | title = Religion, state, and politics in the Soviet Union and successor states | location = | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1994 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=S9vPzWk9uowC&dq | isbn = 978-0521467841 }}</ref>|group="cat."}}
|-
!1
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]<br>(born 1931)<ref name="gorbachev"/>
![[Vasiliy Kuznetsov|Vasili Kuznetsov]]
| [[File:Mikhail Gorbachev 1987.jpg|100px]]
(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov3"/>
| align="center" | 25 Mei 1989–15 Maret 1990
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg|100px]]
|7 Oktober 1977–18 Juni 1986
|-
!2
!colspan="4" align="center" |Presiden<br>(1990–1991)
! rowspan="1" |[[Pyotr Demichev]]
(1917–2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.peoples.ru/2010/08/10/50485.shtml|title=Петр Демичев : Умер министр культуры СССР Петр Демичев|publisher=Peoples.ru (Lenta.ru)|language=Rusia|accessdate=8 December 2010|trans_title=Menteri Kebudayaan Uni Soviet, Pyotr Demichev, Wafat|archive-date=2011-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716163132/http://news.peoples.ru/2010/08/10/50485.shtml|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg|100px]]
|18 Juni 1986–1 Oktober 1988
|-
! rowspan="3" |3
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]<br>(lahir tahun 1931)<ref name="gorbachev">{{cite book | author = Bliss Eaton, Katherine | page = 32 | title = Daily Life in the Soviet Union | location = | publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | year = 2004 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=VVFuYN8TS5AC&dq | isbn = 978-0313316289 }}</ref>
! rowspan="1" |[[Anatoly Lukyanov]]
| [[File:Mikhail Gorbachev 1987.jpg|100px]]
(1930–)<ref name="lukyanov2">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=YvYiAQAAIAAJ&q|title=A History of Russia: Peoples, Legends, Events, Forces since 1800|author=Evtuhov, Catherine; Stites, Richard|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|year=2004|isbn=978-0395660737|location=|page=474}}</ref>
| align="center" | 15 Maret 1990–25 Desember 1991
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg|100px]]
|1 Oktober 1988–25 Mei 1989
|-
! colspan="3" |Wakil Ketua Majelis Agung Uni Soviet (1989–1990)
|-
! rowspan="1" |[[Anatoly Lukyanov]]
(1930–)<ref name="lukyanov2"/>
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg|100px]]
| rowspan="1" |25 Mei 1989–15 Maret 1990
|-
! colspan="4" |Wakil Presiden Uni Soviet (1990–1991)
|-
!4
![[Gennady Yanayev]]
(1937–2010)<ref name="Yanayev2">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/25/world/europe/25yanayev.html|title=Gennadi I. Yanayev, 73, Soviet Coup Plotter, Dies|author=Schwirz, Michael|date=24 September 2010|work=The New York Times|accessdate=8 December 2010}}</ref>
|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1.svg|100px]]
|27 Desember 1990–21 Agustus 1991{{#tag:ref|Yanayev menjadi Pejabat Presiden Uni Soviet selama kudeta bulan Agustus 1991, tetapi kemudian dipenjara setelah kudeta gagal dan Gorbachev kembali menempati posisinya semula sebagai presiden.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff writer|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11405117|title=Soviet Coup Leader Gennady Yanayev Dies|date=10 February 2011|accessdate=8 December 2010|publisher=BBC Online}}</ref>|group="cat."}}
|-
! colspan="3" |Dihapus<ref name="StateCouncil2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sssr.su/zopp.html|title=Закон "Об органах государственной власти и управления Союза ССР в переходный период"|date=5 September 1991|publisher=[[Uni Soviet|Soyuz Sovietskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik]]|language=Rusia|accessdate=13 February 2011|author=Pemerintah Uni Soviet: Gorbachev, Mikhail|trans_title=Hukum: Pada Lembaga Administrasi dan Otoritas Negara Uni Soviet dalam Masa Transisi}}</ref>
|21 Agustus 1991–26 Desember 1991{{#tag:ref|Pasca-kegagalan kudeta bulan Agustus 1991, Dewan Negara Uni Soviet diberi kekuasaan untuk memilih wakil presiden jika presiden berhalangan sementara dalam bertugas.<ref name="StateCouncil"/>|group="cat."}}
|}
 
== Daftar wakil kepalaIbu negara ==
 
[[Ibu negara]] [[Uni Soviet]] tidak memiliki jabatan resmi dan tidak menerima gaji. Walaupun demikian, ibu negara ikut menghadiri upacara resmi dan kegiatan kenegaraan lainnya baik bersama maupun atas nama [[kepala negara]].
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=65%
! Nama
! Kepala Negara
! Masa Jabatan
|-
| '''[[Ekaterina Kalinina]]'''<br />(nama marga: Lorberg)
! align="center" width="1%" | No.<br /><ref group="cat." name="vp">Kepala dan wakil kepala negara yang menjabat lebih dari sekali hanya diberi nomor satu kali dan jabatan selanjutnya ditandai dengan nomor masa jabatan pertama yang angkanya dimiringkan. Pejabat sementara kepala negara tidak diberi nomor. Penomoran ini tidak resmi.</ref>
| [[Mikhail Kalinin]]
! scope="col" | Nama
| 30 Desember 1922–19 Maret 1946
! scope="col" | Masa Jabatan
|-
| '''[[Mariya Shvernik]]'''<br />(nama marga: Ulazovskaya)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" rowspan="2" | '''1'''
| [[Nikolay Shvernik]]
! colspan="3" align="center" | Wakil Ketua Pertama Presidium Majelis Agung Uni Soviet<br>(1944–1946 dan 1977–1989)
| 19 Maret 1946–6 Maret 1953
|-
| '''[[Ekaterina Voroshilova]]'''<br />(nama marga: Davidovna)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Nikolay Shvernik]]<br>(1888–1970)<ref>{{cite book | author = Pemerintah Uni Soviet | page = 650 | title = Great Soviet Encyclopedia | volume = 29 | publisher = Macmillan | year = 1982 }}</ref>
| [[Kliment Voroshilov]]
| align="center" | 1 Februari 1944–19 Maret 1946
| 15 Maret 1953–7 Mei 1960
|-
| '''[[Viktoria Brezhneva]]'''<br />(nama marga: tak diketahui)
! scope="row" style="fomt-weight:mormal;" | '''2'''
| [[Leonid Brezhnev]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Vasili Kuznetsov (politician)|Vasili Kuznetsov]]<br>(1901–1990)<ref name="kuznetsov"/>
| align="center" | 7 OktoberMei 1977–271960–15 Juli 19851964
|-
| '''[[Ashkhen Mikoyan]]'''<br />(nama marga: Tumanyan)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | '''3'''
| [[Anastas Mikoyan]]
! rowspan="1" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Pyotr Demichev]]<br>(1917–2010)<ref>{{cite web | url = http://news.peoples.ru/2010/08/10/50485.shtml | title = Петр Демичев : Умер министр культуры СССР Петр Демичев | language = Rusia | publisher = Peoples.ru (Lenta.ru) | accessdate = 8 December 2010 | trans_title = Menteri Kebudayaan Uni Soviet, Pyotr Demichev, Wafat }}</ref>
| 15 Juli 1964–9 Desember 1965
| align="center" | 18 Juni 1986–1 Oktober 1988
|-
| '''[[Natalya Podgornaya]]'''<br />(nama marga: Nazarova)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" rowspan="3" | '''4'''
| [[Nikolai Podgorny]]
! rowspan="1" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Anatoly Lukyanov]]<br>(born 1930)<ref name="lukyanov">{{cite book | author = Evtuhov, Catherine; Stites, Richard | page = 474 | title = A History of Russia: Peoples, Legends, Events, Forces since 1800 | location = | publisher = Houghton Mifflin Harcourt | year = 2004 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=YvYiAQAAIAAJ&q | isbn = 978-0395660737 }}</ref>
| 9 Desember 1965–16 Juni 1977
| align="center" | 1 Oktober 1988–25 Mei 1989
|-
| '''[[Viktoria Brezhneva]]'''<br />(nama marga: tak diketahui)
!colspan="2" align="center" | Wakil Ketua Majelis Agung Uni Soviet<br>(1989–1990)
| [[Leonid Brezhnev]]
| 16 Juni 1977–10 November 1982
|-
| '''[[Tatyana Andropova]]'''<br />(nama marga: Filipovna)
! rowspan="1" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Anatoly Lukyanov]]<br>(born 1930)<ref name="lukyanov"/>
| [[Yuri Andropov]]
| rowspan="1" align="center" | 25 Mei 1989–15 Maret 1990
| 16 Juni 1983–9 Februari 1984
|-
| '''[[Anna Chernenko]]'''<br />(nama marga: Lyubimova)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" rowspan="2" | —
| [[Konstantin Chernenko]]
!colspan="2" align="center" |Wakil Presiden<br>(1990–1991)
| 11 April 1984–10 Maret 1985
|-
| '''[[Lydia Gromyko]]'''<br />(nama marga: Grinevich)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | Kosong
| [[Andrei Gromyko]]
| scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" align="center" | 15 Maret 1990–27 Desember 1990
| 27 Juli 1985–1 Oktober 1988
|-
| '''[[Raisa Gorbachova]]'''<br />(nama marga: Titarenko)
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | '''5'''
| [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | [[Gennady Yanayev]]<br>(1937–2010)<ref name="Yanayev">{{cite news | author = Schwirz, Michael | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/25/world/europe/25yanayev.html | title = Gennadi I. Yanayev, 73, Soviet Coup Plotter, Dies | work = The New York Times | date = 24 September 2010 | accessdate = 8 December 2010 }}</ref>
| 1 Oktober 1988–25 Desember 1991
| align="center" | 27 Desember 1990–21 Agustus 1991{{#tag:ref|Yanayev menjadi Pejabat Presiden Uni Soviet selama kudeta bulan Agustus 1991, tetapi kemudian dipenjara setelah kudeta gagal dan Gorbachev kembali menempati posisinya semula sebagai presiden.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff writer|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11405117|title=Soviet Coup Leader Gennady Yanayev Dies|date=10 February 2011|accessdate=8 December 2010|publisher=BBC Online}}</ref>|group="cat."}}
|-
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | —
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal;" | Dihapus<ref name="StateCouncil">{{Cite web| author= Pemerintah Uni Soviet: Gorbachev, Mikhail |title=Закон "Об органах государственной власти и управления Союза ССР в переходный период" |trans_title= Hukum: Pada Lembaga Administrasi dan Otoritas Negara Uni Soviet dalam Masa Transisi | url = http://www.sssr.su/zopp.html | date=5 September 1991 |accessdate=13 February 2011 |publisher=[[Uni Soviet|Soyuz Sovietskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik]]|language=Rusia}}</ref>
| align="center" | 21 Agustus 1991–26 Desember 1991{{#tag:ref|Pasca kegagalan kudeta bulan Agustus 1991, Dewan Negara Uni Soviet diberi kekuasaan untuk memilih wakil presiden jika presiden berhalangan sementara dalam bertugas.<ref name="StateCouncil"/>|group="cat."}}
|}
 
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Daftar pemimpin Uni Soviet]]
* [[Perdana Menteri Uni Soviet]]
* [[Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Komunis Uni Soviet]]
 
Baris 160 ⟶ 265:
;Catatan
{{reflist|group="cat."}}
 
 
;Bibliografi
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{Uni Soviet bawah}}
 
{{Soviet-stub}}
 
[[Kategori:Daftar presiden bekas negara]]
[[Kategori:Uni Soviet]]
 
[[bg:Председател на Президиума на Върховния съвет на СССР]]
[[ca:Caps d'Estat de la Unió Soviètica]]
[[en:List of heads of state of the Soviet Union]]
[[es:Presidente del Presidium del Soviet Supremo de la URSS]]
[[fr:Présidents du Præsidium du Soviet suprême de la RSFS de Russie]]
[[it:Lista di presidenti dell'Unione delle Repubbliche Socialiste Sovietiche]]
[[nl:Voorzitter van het Presidium van de Opperste Sovjet van de USSR]]
[[ru:Председатель Президиума Верховного Совета СССР]]
[[fi:Neuvostoliiton valtionpäämies]]
[[tr:SSCB Devlet Başkanı]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Daftar_kepala_negara_Uni_Soviet"