Teori pensinyalan: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Add 18 books for Wikipedia:Pemastian (20210913sim)) #IABot (v2.0.8.1) (GreenC bot |
k ANNAFscience memindahkan halaman Teori penyinyalan ke Teori pensinyalan dengan menimpa pengalihan lama: kbbi |
||
(13 revisi perantara oleh 7 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{about|Pensinyalan dalam biologi evolusioner|Teori serupa dalam ekonomi|Pensinyalan (ekonomi)|Konsep rekayasa|Teori sinyal}}
[[Berkas:Springbok pronk.jpg|jmpl|225px|[[Springbok]] muda ''Antidorcas marsupialis'' "[[Stotting]]" atau "pronking" bisa mensinyalkan secara jujur kepada [[pemangsa]] seperti [[macan tutul]] bahwa ia adalah hewan yang bugar dan cepat, tidak layak dikejar.]]
Dalam [[biologi evolusioner]], '''teori pensinyalan''' adalah sekumpulan [[teori]] yang membedah komunikasi antara individu.
Pusat pertanyaannya adalah kapan organisme yang memiliki konflik kepentingan diharapkan berkomunikasi secara jujur (tidak ada praduga mengenai intensi yang disengaja).
Baris 62 ⟶ 58:
Oleh karena itu, sinyal-sinyal "jujur" adalah evolusioner stabil.
== Sinyal
[[Berkas:Uca lactea-male-600-450.jpg|jmpl|kiri|[[Kepiting capit]] jantan memainkan sinyal caping dengan pencapitnya yang dibesarkan, tetapi capit lemah yang baru tumbuh bisa menjadi sinyal
Karena adanya keuntungan mutual dan konflik kepentingan dalam kebanyakan sistem pensinyalan hewan, pusat permasalahan dalam teori pensinyalan adalah ketidakjujuran atau [[kecurangan (biologi)|kecurangan]].
Baris 377 ⟶ 373:
Irons mengajukan bahwa teori pensinyalan berbiaya dapat menjelaskan perilaku beragama yang berbiaya.
Dia berargumen bahwa tampilan
Dia mendemonstrasikan sinyal-sinyal tampilan di antara [[Yomut]] [[Orang Iran Turkmen|Turkmen]] di [[Iran]] utara membantu mengamankan persetujuan dagang.
Tontonan yang "sok pamer" tersebut mensinyalkan komitmen kepada Islam kepada orang asing dan anggota kelompok.
Baris 434 ⟶ 430:
* {{cite journal |last=Bergstrom |first=C T |first2=M |last2=Lachmann |year=2001 |title=Alarm calls as costly signals of antipredator vigilance: the watchful babbler game |journal=Animal Behavior |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=535–543 |doi=10.1006/anbe.2000.1636}}
* {{cite news|last=BES|url=http://www.science.unsw.edu.au/news/fiddler-crabs-reveal-honesty-is-not-always-the-best-policy|title=Fiddler crabs reveal honesty is not always the best policy|date=2008-11-13|publisher=British Ecological Society|accessdate=2008-11-19}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Bliege Bird | first1 = R | last2 = Bird | first2 = DW
* {{cite journal | last1 = Bliege Bird | first1 = R | last2 = Smith | first2 = E | last3 = Bird | first3 = D
* {{cite book|last=Bradbury|first=JW|first2=SL|last2=Vehrenkamp|year=1998|title=Principles of animal communication|url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofanim0000brad_q1c1|publisher=Sinauer|location=Sunderland, MA|isbn=0-87893-100-7}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Bulbulia | first1 = J
* {{cite journal | last1 = Caryl | first1 = PG | year = 1979 | title = Communication by agonistic displays: what can games theory contribute to ethology? | url = | journal = Behaviour | volume = 68 | issue = | pages = 136–169 | doi = 10.1163/156853979X00287 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Connelly | first1 = BL | last2 = Certo | first2 = ST | last3 = Ireland | first3 = RD | last4 = Reutzel | first4 = C | year = 2011 | title = Signaling Theory: A Review and Assessment | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-management_2011-01_37_1/page/n40 | journal = Journal of Management | volume = 37 | issue = 1 | pages = 39–67 | doi = 10.1177/0149206310388419 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Dall |first=SRX |year=2005 |title=Information and its use by animals in evolutionary ecology |journal=Trends Ecol. & Evo. |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=187–193 |doi=10.1016/j.tree.2005.01.010 |pmid=16701367 |last2=Giraldeau |first2=L |last3=Olsson |first3=O |last4=McNamara |first4=J |last5=Stephens |first5=D}}
* [[Richard Dawkins|Dawkins, R]] & [[John Krebs|Krebs, JR]] (1978) Animal signals: information or manipulation? in ''Behavioural Ecology: an evolutionary approach'' 1st ed. ([[John Krebs|Krebs, JR]] &, Davies, NB, eds) Blackwell: Oxford, 282–309.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Eshel | first1 = I | year = 2002 | title = A long-term genetic model for the evolution of sexual preference: the theories of Fisher and Zahavi re-examined | url = | journal = J. Math. Biol. | volume = 45 | issue = | pages = 1–25 | doi = 10.1007/s002850200138 | last2 = Sansone | first2 = Emilia | last3 = Jacobs | first3 = Frans}}
* {{cite book|title=Mammalogy: Adaptation, Diversity, Ecology|publisher=JHU Press|author=Feldhamer, George A|year=2007|pages=423}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Folstad | first1 = I | last2 = Karter | first2 = A.J.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Dowling | first1 = JH | year = 1968 | title = Individual ownership and the sharing of game in hunting societies | url = | journal = American Anthropology | volume = 70 | issue = 3| pages = 502–507 | doi = 10.1525/aa.1968.70.3.02a00040 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Ensminger | first1 = J | year = 1997 | title = Transaction costs and Islam:explaining conversion in Africa | journal = J Inst Theor Econ | volume = 153 | issue = | pages = 4–29 | jstor = 40752982 | url = http://jee.caltech.edu/files/2011/09/7-JITE-1997.pdf | format = PDF | access-date = 2013-03-12 | archive-date = 2014-08-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140810204339/http://jee.caltech.edu/files/2011/09/7-JITE-1997.pdf | dead-url = yes }}
Baris 452 ⟶ 448:
* {{cite journal | last1 = Getty | first1 = T | year = 1998 (a) | title = Handicap signalling: when fecundity and viability do not add up | url = | journal = Animal Behaviour | volume = 56 | issue = 1| pages = 127–130 | doi = 10.1006/anbe.1998.0744 | pmid = 9710469}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Getty | first1 = T | year = 1998 (b) | title = Reliable signalling need not be a handicap | url = | journal = Anim. Behav | volume = 56 | issue = 1| pages = 253–255 | doi = 10.1006/anbe.1998.0748 | pmid = 9710484}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Getty | first1 = T | year = 2002 (a) | title = Signaling health versus parasites | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-naturalist_2002-04_159_4/page/363 | journal = Am. Nat. | volume = 159 | issue = 4 | pages = 363–371 | doi = 10.1086/338992 | pmid = 18707421 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Getty |first=T. |year=2002 |title=The discriminating babbler meets the optimal diet hawk |journal=Anim. Behav. |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=397H. Carl 402 |doi=10.1006/anbe.2001.1890}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Getty | first1 = T | year = 2006 | title = Sexually selected signals are not similar to sports handicaps | url = | journal = Trends Ecol. & Evol | volume = 21 | issue = 2| pages = 83–88 | doi = 10.1016/j.tree.2005.10.016}}
* {{cite journal |last=Godfray |first=HCJ |year=1995 |title=Evolutionary theory of parent-offspring conflict |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=376 |issue=6536 |pages=133 |doi=10.1038/376133a0}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Grafen | first1 = A | year = 1990 | title = Biological signals as handicaps | url = | journal = [[Journal of Theoretical Biology]] | volume = 144 | issue = 4| pages = 517–546 | doi = 10.1016/S0022-5193(05)80088-8 | pmid = 2402153 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Gurven | first1 = M | last2 = Hill | first2 = K | year = 2009 | title = Why do men hunt? | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_current-anthropology_2009-02_50_1/page/51 | journal = Current Anthropology | volume = 50 | issue = | pages = 51–73 | doi = 10.1086/595620 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Gurven | first1 = M | last2 = Hill | first2 = K | last3 = Hurtado | first3 = A | last4 = Lyles | first4 = R | year = 2000 | title = Food transfers among Hiwi foragers of Venezuela: tests of reciprocity | url = | journal = Human Ecology | volume = 28 | issue = 2| pages = 171–218 | doi = 10.1023/A:1007067919982 | last5 = Lyles | first5 = Richard }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Hamilton | first1 = WD | last2 = Brown | first2 = SP | year = 2001 | title = Autumn tree colours as a handicap signal | url = | journal = Proc. R. Soc. B | volume = 268 | issue = 1475| pages = 1489–1493 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2001.1672 | pmid = 11454293 | pmc = 1088768 }}
Baris 463 ⟶ 459:
* Hawkes K (1990) Why do men hunt? Some benefits for risky choices. In: Cashdan E (ed) ''Uncertainty in tribal and peasant economies''. Westview, Boulder, 145–166.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Hawkes | first1 = K | year = 1991 | title = Showing off: tests of another hypothesis about men's foraging goals | url = | journal = Ethol Sociobiol | volume = 12 | issue = | pages = 29–54 | doi = 10.1016/0162-3095(91)90011-E }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Hawkes | first1 = K | year = 1993 | title = Why hunter-gatherers work | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_current-anthropology_1993-06_34_3/page/n148 | journal = Current Anthropology | volume = 34 | issue = | pages = 341–362 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Hawkes | first1 = K | year = 2001 | title = Hadza meat sharing | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution-and-human-behavior_2001-03_22_2/page/113 | journal = Evol Hum Behav | volume = 22 | issue = 2 | pages = 113–142 | doi = 10.1016/S1090-5138(00)00066-0 | pmid = 11282309 | last2 = O'Connell | first2 = JF | last3 = Blurton Jones | first3 = NG }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Hawkes | first1 = K | last2 = Bliege Bird | first2 = R | year = 2002 | title = Showing off, handicap signaling, and the evolution of men's work | url = | journal = Evolutionary Anthropology | volume = 11 | issue = 2| pages = 58–67 | doi = 10.1002/evan.20005 }}
* Hood R, Hill P, Spilka B (2009) ''The Psychology of Religion: An Empirical Approach''. New York: Guilford Press.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Iannaccone | first1 = LR. | year = 1992 | title = Sacrifice and Stigma: Reducing Free-Riding in Cults, Communes, and Other Collectives | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-political-economy_1992-04_100_2/page/271 | journal = Journal of Political Economy | volume = 100 | issue = 2 | pages = 271–291 | doi = 10.1086/261818 }}
* Irons W (1996) "Morality as an Evolved Adaptation" in ''Investigating the Biological Foundations of Morality'', JP Hurd (ed.) Lewiston: Edwin Mellon Press, 1–34.
* Irons W (2001) Religion as a hard-to-fake sign of commitment, in ''The Evolution of Commitment'', Randolph Nesse (ed.) New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 292–309.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Johnstone | first1 = RA | year = 1995 | title = Sexual selection, honest advertisement and the handicap principle: reviewing the evidence | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-reviews_1995-02_70_1/page/1 | journal = Biol Rev | volume = 70 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–65 | doi = 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1995.tb01439.x | pmid = 7718697 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Johnstone |first=RA |first2=A |last2=Grafen |year=1993 |title=Dishonesty and the handicap principle |journal=Anim Behav. |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=759H. Carl 764 |doi=10.1006/anbe.1993.1253}}
* Johnstone RA (1997) The evolution of animal signals. In: Krebs JR, Davies NB (eds) ''Behavioural ecology: an evolutionary approach''. Blackwell, Oxford, 155–178.
Baris 476 ⟶ 472:
* {{cite journal |last=Johnstone |first=RA |year=1999 |title=Signaling of need, sibling competition, and the cost of honesty |journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|PNAS]] |volume=96 |issue=22 |pages=12644–12649 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.22.12644}}
* Kelly RL (1995) ''The foraging spectrum: diversity in hunter-gatherer lifeways''. Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Kirkpatrick | first1 = M | year = 1986 | title = The handicap mechanism of sexual selection does not work | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-naturalist_1986-02_127_2/page/222 | journal = American Naturalist | volume = 127 | issue = 2 | pages = 222–240 | doi = 10.1086/284480 }}
* Knight, C (1998) [http://www.chrisknight.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/knight_ritual_speech_coevolution.pdf Ritual/speech coevolution: a solution to the problem of deception.] In J. R. Hurford, M. Studdert-Kennedy & C. Knight (eds), ''Approaches to the Evolution of Language.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 68–91.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Kokko | first1 = H | year = 2002 | title = The sexual selection continuum | url = | journal = Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B. | volume = 269 | issue = 1498| pages = 1331–1340 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2002.2020 | last2 = Brooks | first2 = R. | last3 = McNamara | first3 = J. M. | last4 = Houston | first4 = A. I. | pmid=12079655 | pmc=1691039}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Kotiaho | first1 = JS | year = 2001 | title = Costs of sexual traits: a mismatch between theoretical considerations and empirical evidence | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-reviews_2001-08_76_3/page/365 | journal = Biological Reviews | volume = 76 | issue = 3 | pages = 365–376 | doi = 10.1017/S1464793101005711 | pmid = 11569789 }}
* [[John Krebs|Krebs, JR]] and [[Richard Dawkins|Dawkins, R]] (1984) Animal signals: mind-reading and manipulation. in ''Behavioural Ecology: an evolutionary approach'', 2nd ed ([[John Krebs|Krebs, JR]] &, Davies, N.B., eds), Sinauer: 380–402.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Lachmann | first1 = M | authorlink3 = Carl Bergstrom | last2 = Szamado | first2 = S. | last3 = Bergstrom | first3 = CT | year = 2001 | title = Cost and conflict in animal signals and human language | url = | journal = PNAS | volume = 98 | issue = 23| pages = 13189–13194 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.231216498 | pmid = 11687618 | pmc = 60846 }}
Baris 488 ⟶ 484:
* {{cite journal | last1 = Luxen | first1 = MF | last2 = Buunk | first2 = BP | year = 2006 | title = Human Intelligence, fluctuating asymmetry and the peacock's tail: General Intelligence (g) as an honest signal of fitness | url = | journal = Personality & Individual Differencces | volume = 41 | issue = 5| pages = 897–902 | doi= 10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.015 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Lyle | first1 = H | last2 = Smith | first2 = E | last3 = Sullivan | first3 = R | year = 2009 | title = Blood Donations as Costly Signals of Donor Quality | url = | journal = Journal of Evolutionary Psychology | volume = 4 | issue = | pages = 263–286 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Madkour | first1 = TM | last2 = Barakat | first2 = AM | last3 = Furlow | first3 = FB | year = 1997 | title = Neonatal cry quality as an honest signal of fitness | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution-and-human-behavior_1997-05_18_3/page/175 | journal = Evolution & Human Behavior | volume = 18 | issue = 3 | pages = 175–193 | doi = 10.1016/S1090-5138(97)00006-8 }}
* Marlowe FW (2010) ''The Hadza: Hunter-gatherers of Tanzania''. Berkeley: University of California Press.
* Marshall L (1976) ''The !Kung of Nyae Nyae''. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Baris 496 ⟶ 492:
* McElreath, R and Boyd, R (2007) ''Mathematical Models of Social Evolution''. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
* {{cite book|author=Møller, AP|title=Sexual selection and the barn swallow|url=https://archive.org/details/sexualselectionb0000mlle|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1994}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = McGraw | first1 = KJ | last2 = Ardia | first2 = DR | year = 2003 | title = Carotenoids, immunocompetence, and the information content of sexual colors: An experimental test | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-naturalist_2003-12_162_6/page/704 | journal = Am. Nat. | volume = 162 | issue = | pages = 704–712 | pmid = 14737708 | doi = 10.1086/378904 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Nur | first1 = N | last2 = Hasson | first2 = O | year = 1984 | title = Phenotypic plasticity and the handicap principle | url = | journal = [[Journal of Theoretical Biology]] | volume = 110 | issue = 2| pages = 275–297 | doi = 10.1016/S0022-5193(84)80059-4}}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Orbell | first1 = J | last2 = Goldman | first2 = M | last3 = Mulford | first3 = M | last4 = Dawes | first4 = R | year = 1992 | title = Religion, Contest, and Constraint Toward Strangers | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_rationality-and-society_1992-07_4_3/page/291 | journal = Rationality and Society | volume = 4 | issue = 3 | pages = 291–307 | doi = 10.1177/1043463192004003004 }}
* Pentland, Alex (2008) ''Honest Signals''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Rees | first1 = T | year = 2009 | title = Is Personal Insecurity a Cause of Cross-National Differences in the Intensity of Religious Belief? | url = http://moses.creighton.edu/jrs/2009/2009-16.pdf | journal = [[Journal of Religion and Society]] | volume = 11 | issue = | pages = 1–24 | id = {{citeseerx|10.1.1.170.310}} | format = PDF | access-date = 2013-03-12 | archive-date = 2013-12-30 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131230025126/http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/2009/2009-16.pdf | dead-url = yes }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Ruffle | first1 = B | last2 = Sosis | first2 = R | year = 2007 | title = Does it Pay to Pray? Costly Ritual and Cooperation | url = http://www.bgu.ac.il/~bradley/Publications/paypray.pdf | format = PDF | journal = Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–35 | doi = 10.2202/1935-1682.1629 | access-date = 2013-03-12 | archive-date = 2013-10-09 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131009221958/http://www.bgu.ac.il/~bradley/Publications/paypray.pdf | dead-url = yes }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Schreiber | first1 = G | last2 = Schlumpf | first2 = K | last3 = Glynn | first3 = S | last4 = Wright | first4 = D | last5 = Tu | first5 = Y | last6 = King | first6 = M | last7 = Higgins | first7 = M | last8 = Kessler | first8 = D | last9 = Gilcher | first9 = R ''et al.'' | year = 2006 | title = Convenience, the Bane of Our Existence, and Other Barriers to Donating | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_transfusion_2006-04_46_4/page/545 | journal = Transfusion | volume = 46 | issue = 4 | pages = 545–553 | display-authors = 9 | doi = 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00757.x | pmid = 16584430 }}
* {{cite book|last1= Searcy|first1= W.A.|last2= Nowicki|first2= S|year= 2005|title= The evolution of animal communication: reliability and deception in signaling systems|url= https://archive.org/details/evolutionofanima0000sear|publisher= Princeton University Press|location= Princeton, New Jersey|isbn= 978-0-691-07095-7
* Shostak M (1981) ''Nisa: the life and words of a !Kung Woman''. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Smith | first1 = EA | last2 = Bliege Bird | first2 = R | year = 2000 | title = Turtle hunting and tombstone opening: public generosity as costly signaling | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution-and-human-behavior_2000-07_21_4/page/245 | journal = Evol Hum Behav | volume = 21 | issue = 4 | pages = 245–261 | pmid = 10899477 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Smith | first1 = E | last2 = Bliege Bird | first2 = R | last3 = Bird | first3 = D | year = 2002 | title = The Benefits of Costly Signaling: Meriam Turtle Hunters | url = | journal = Behavioral Ecology | volume = 14 | issue =1 | pages = 116–126 |doi=10.1093/beheco/14.1.116 }}
* Sosis R (1997) ''The Collective Action Problem of Male Cooperative Labor on Ifaluk Atoll''. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of New Mexico.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Sosis | first1 = R | last2 = Feldstein | first2 = S | last3 = Hill | first3 = K | year = 1998 | title = Bargaining theory and cooperative fishing participation on Ifaluk Atoll | url = | journal = Human Nature | volume = 9 | issue = 2| pages = 163–203 | doi = 10.1007/s12110-998-1002-5 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Sosis | first1 = R | year = 2000 | title = Costly signaling and torch fishing on Ifaluk Atoll | url =
* {{cite journal | last1 = Sosis | first1 = R | year = 2000 | title = Religion and intra-group cooperation: preliminary results of a comparative analysis of utopian communities | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_cross-cultural-research_2000-02_34_1/page/70 | journal = Cross-Cultural Research | volume = 34 | issue = | pages = 70–87 | doi = 10.1177/106939710003400105 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Sosis | first1 = R | last2 = Bressler | first2 = E | year = 2003 | title = Cooperation and commune longevity: a test of the costly signaling theory of religion | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_cross-cultural-research_2003-05_37_2/page/211 | journal = Cross-Cultural Research | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | pages = 211–239 | doi = 10.1177/1069397103037002003 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Sosis | first1 = R | last2 = Ruffle | first2 = B | year = 2003 | title = Religious Ritual and Cooperation: Testing for a Relationship on Israeli Religious and Secular Kibbutzim | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_current-anthropology_2003-12_44_5/page/713 | journal = Current Anthropology | volume = 44 | issue = 5 | pages = 713–722 | doi = 10.1086/379260 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Sosis | first1 = R | year = 2003 | title = Signaling, Solidarity, and the Sacred: The Evolution of Religious Behavior | url = | journal = Evolutionary Anthropology | volume = 12 | issue = 6| pages = 264–274 }}
* Spence, AM (1974) ''Market Signaling, Information Transfer in Hiring and Related Processes''. Harvard University Press
Baris 521 ⟶ 517:
* Vonnegut, K (1961) ''Harrison Bergeron''. Fan. Sci. Fict. Mag. Oct., 5–10.
* Wiessner P (1996) ''Leveling the hunter: constraints on the status quest in foraging societies''. In: Wiessner P, Schiefenhovel W (eds) ''Food and the status quest''. Berghahn, Providence, RI, 171–192.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Wiessner | first1 = P | year = 2002 | title = Hunting, healing, and hxaro exchange: A long-term perspective on !Kung (Ju/'hoansi) large-game hunting | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution-and-human-behavior_2002-09_23_5_0/page/n88 | journal = Evol Hum Behav | volume = 23 | issue = | pages = 407–436 | doi = 10.1016/S1090-5138(02)00096-X }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Zahavi | first1 = A | year = 1975 | title = Mate selection — a selection for a handicap | url = | journal = [[Journal of Theoretical Biology]] | volume = 53 | issue = 1| pages = 205–214 | doi = 10.1016/0022-5193(75)90111-3 | pmid = 1195756 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Zahavi | first1 = A | year = 1977 | title = The cost of honesty (Further remarks on the handicap principle) | url = | journal = [[Journal of Theoretical Biology]] | volume = 67 | issue = 3| pages = 603–605 | pmid = 904334 }}
Baris 533 ⟶ 529:
* {{en}} [http://octavia.zoology.washington.edu/handicap/ An Introduction to the Theory of Honest Signalling] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224083708/http://octavia.zoology.washington.edu/handicap/ |date=2015-02-24 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.animalbehavioronline.com/deceit.html Perilaku hewan online: penipuan]
* {{en}} [http://jom.sagepub.com/content/37/1/39 Journal of Management: Signaling Theory: A Review and Assessment ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216125907/http://jom.sagepub.com/content/37/1/39 |date=2015-02-16 }} (2011, behind paywall)
{{evo ecol}}
|