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{{Operational plan
{{Notable|deskripsi=peristiwa politik di Suriah}}
| name = Serangan udara Shayrat 2017
 
| partof = [[Perang Saudara Suriah]] dan [[Intervensi di Suriah pimpinan Amerika Serikat]]
{{current||recent military operation|date=April 2017}}Pada pagi hari, 7 April 2017, selama [[Perang Saudara Suriah]], [[Amerika Serikat]] meluncurkan 59 [[Tomahawk (missile)|Tomahawk]] yang mengangkut [[rudal]] ke [[Suriah]] untuk menyerang [[Shayrat Air Base|Markas Udara Shayrat]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Releases/News-Release-View/Article/1144598/statement-from-pentagon-spokesman-capt-jeff-davis-on-us-strike-in-syria|title=Statement from Pentagon Spokesman Capt. Jeff Davis on U.S. strike in S|work=U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-07}}</ref><ref name="cnn-1">{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/06/politics/donald-trump-syria-military/index.html|title=Trump launches military strike against Syria|last2=Diamond|first2=Jeremy|date=6 April 2017|website=[[CNN]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]] ([[Time Warner]])|last1=Starr|first1=Barbara|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407021906/http://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/06/politics/donald-trump-syria-military/index.html|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="bbc-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39523654|title=Syria war: US launches missile strikes following chemical 'attack'|date=7 April 2017|website=[[BBC News]]|publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]]|author1=''BBC News'' staff|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407022056/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39523654|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref> Serangan itu merupakan perintah dari [[Presiden Amerika Serikat]], [[Donald Trump]], sebagai tanggapan langsung atas [[Serangan kimia Khan Shaykhun 2017|Serangan kimia Khan Shaykhun]] yang terjadi pada 4 April 2017.<ref name="cnn-1" /><ref name="wapo-1">{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-weighing-military-options-following-chemical-weapons-attack-in-syria/2017/04/06/0c59603a-1ae8-11e7-9887-1a5314b56a08_story.html?utm_term=.225bc956b60a|title=U.S. strikes Syrian military airfield in first direct assault on Bashar al-Assad’s government|last2=Ryan|first2=Missy|date=6 April 2017|website=[[The Washington Post]]|publisher=[[Jeff Bezos|Nash Holdings LLC]]|last3=Gibbons-Neff|first3=Thomas|last1=Lamothe|first1=Dan|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407024143/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-weighing-military-options-following-chemical-weapons-attack-in-syria/2017/04/06/0c59603a-1ae8-11e7-9887-1a5314b56a08_story.html?utm_term=.8c07d2ab7210|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref> Ini merupakan serangan pertama yang dilancarkan oleh militer Amerika Serikat ke pasukan [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region|Ba'athist]] selama peperangan.<ref name="wapo-1" /><ref name="abc-au-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-04-07/us-launches-cruise-missile-strike-on-syria/8425132|title=US warships launch cruise missile strike against Syrian airfield in retaliation for chemical attack|date=7 April 2017|website=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News Australia]]|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|author1=''ABC News'' staff|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407023424/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-04-07/us-launches-cruise-missile-strike-on-syria/8425132|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref>▼
| image = Berkas:USS Ross 2017 Shayrat strike 170407-N-FQ994-031.jpg
| image_size = 300
| caption = [[USS Ross (DDG-71)|USS ''Ross'']] menembakan [[peluru kendali]][[Tomahawk (missile)|Tomahawk]] ke [[Pangkalan Udara Shayrat]]
| scope = Target serangan satu lokasi
| type = Serangan [[rudal]] [[Tomahawk (misil)|Tomahawk]]
| location = [[Pangkalan Udara Shayrat]], [[Kegubernuran Homs]], [[Syria]]
| coordinates = {{coord|34|30|02|N|36|53|57|E|region:SY|display=inline,title}}
| map_type = Syria
| map_size = 300
| map_caption = Lokasi Shayrat di Suriah
| map_label = Pangkalan Udara Suriah
| planned =
| planned_by =
| commanded_by =
| objective = Merusak pertahanan udara, pesawat, hangar, dan bahan bakar.<ref name="nyt-1"/>
| target = {{flagicon image|Syrian Air Force Flag.svg|size=23px}} [[Angkatan Udara Suriah]]
| date = {{Start date|2017|4|7|df=y}}
| time = 04:40 [[EEST]]
| time-begin =
| time-end =
| timezone = [[UTC+03:00]]
| executed_by = {{flagicon image|Flag of the United States Navy (fringe).svg}} [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]]
| outcome =
| casualties = 9 penduduk, 7 tentara meninggal (menurut pemerintah)<ref name="kills16">{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/syrian-media-say-u-s-attack-caused-damage-to-air-base-multiple-casualties-1491535071|title=Syria Says Strike Kills 16, Damages Air Base|first1=Raja|last1=Abdulrahim|first2=Noam|last2=Rydan|date=7 April 2017|publisher=|via=www.wsj.com|subscription=yes}}</ref><br>9 tentara meninggal (menurut SOHR)<ref name="rise9">[http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=64621 Human loses rise to 9 of members and officers of regime forces in the US missile strikes on al-Shayrat airbase]</ref>
| fatalities =
| injuries =
}}
▲{{current||recent military operation|date=April 2017}}Pada pagi hari, 7 April 2017, selama [[Perang Saudara Suriah]], [[Amerika Serikat]] meluncurkan 59 [[Tomahawk (missilemisil)|Tomahawk]] yang mengangkut [[rudal]] ke [[Suriah]] untuk menyerang [[Shayrat Air Base|MarkasPangkalan Udara Shayrat]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.defense.gov/News/News-Releases/News-Release-View/Article/1144598/statement-from-pentagon-spokesman-capt-jeff-davis-on-us-strike-in-syria|title=Statement from Pentagon Spokesman Capt. Jeff Davis on U.S. strike in S|work=U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-07}}</ref><ref name="cnn-1">{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/06/politics/donald-trump-syria-military/index.html|title=Trump launches military strike against Syria|last2=Diamond|first2=Jeremy|date=6 April 2017|website=[[CNN]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]] ([[Time Warner]])|last1=Starr|first1=Barbara|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407021906/http://edition.cnn.com/2017/04/06/politics/donald-trump-syria-military/index.html|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="bbc-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39523654|title=Syria war: US launches missile strikes following chemical 'attack'|date=7 April 2017|website=[[BBC News]]|publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]]|author1=''BBC News'' staff|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407022056/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-39523654|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref> Serangan itu merupakan perintah dari [[Presiden Amerika Serikat]], [[Donald Trump]], sebagai tanggapan langsung atas [[Serangan kimia Khan Shaykhun 2017|Serangan kimia Khan Shaykhun]] yang terjadi pada 4 April 2017.<ref name="cnn-1" /><ref name="wapo-1">{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-weighing-military-options-following-chemical-weapons-attack-in-syria/2017/04/06/0c59603a-1ae8-11e7-9887-1a5314b56a08_story.html?utm_term=.225bc956b60a|title=U.S. strikes Syrian military airfield in first direct assault on Bashar al-Assad’s government|last2=Ryan|first2=Missy|date=6 April 2017|website=[[The Washington Post]]|publisher=[[Jeff Bezos|Nash Holdings LLC]]|last3=Gibbons-Neff|first3=Thomas|last1=Lamothe|first1=Dan|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407024143/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/trump-weighing-military-options-following-chemical-weapons-attack-in-syria/2017/04/06/0c59603a-1ae8-11e7-9887-1a5314b56a08_story.html?utm_term=.8c07d2ab7210|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref> Ini merupakan serangan pertama yang dilancarkan oleh militer Amerika Serikat ke pasukan [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region|Ba'athist]] selama peperangan.<ref name="wapo-1" /><ref name="abc-au-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-04-07/us-launches-cruise-missile-strike-on-syria/8425132|title=US warships launch cruise missile strike against Syrian airfield in retaliation for chemical attack|date=7 April 2017|website=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News Australia]]|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|author1=''ABC News'' staff|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407023424/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-04-07/us-launches-cruise-missile-strike-on-syria/8425132|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref>
 
== Serangan ==
Target serangan itu adalah [[Shayrat Air Base|MarkasPangkalan Udara Shayrat]] di [[Homs Governorate|Kegubernuran Homs]], yang diyakini merupakan markas di mana terdapat pesawat yang digunakan untuk mengangkut bahan-bahan dalam serangan kima,<ref name="wapo-12" /> dan direncanakan untuk menghancurkan pertahanan udara, pesawat, hangar, dan bahan bakar.<ref name="nyt-1">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/06/world/middleeast/us-said-to-weigh-military-responses-to-syrian-chemical-attack.html?_r=0|title=Dozens of U.S. Missiles Hit Air Base in Syria|last2=Cooper|first2=Helene|date=6 April 2017|website=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|last3=Shear|first3=Michael D.|last1=Gordon|first1=Michael R.|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=httphttps://archive.istoday/hU1xn20170407021217/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/06/world/middleeast/us-said-to-weigh-military-responses-to-syrian-chemical-attack.html?_r=0|archivedate=7 April 2017-04-07|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="wapo-12" /> ''The New York Times'', merujuk sumber resmi pihak militer Amerika Serikat, menyebut bahwa 59 [[Tomahawk (missilemisil)|Tomahawk]] pengangkut [[rudal]] diluncurkan dari dua kapal perang [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]], [[USS Ross (DDG-71)|USS ''Ross'']] dan [[USS Porter (DDG-78)|USS ''Porter'']], sekitar pukul 20:40 [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]] (04:40 [[Eastern European Summer Time|waktu setempat]]).<ref name="nyt-1" /><ref name="wapo-12" />
 
Amerika Serikat memberitahukan ke beberapa negara antara lain [[Australia]] dan [[RussiaRusia]], beberapa jam sebelum serangan.<ref name="ausfr-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.afr.com/news/policy/foreign-affairs/australia-briefed-beforehand-on-us-missile-strike-on-syria-20170407-gvfvi8|title=Australia briefed beforehand on US strike|date=7 April 2017|website=[[The Australian Financial Review]]|publisher=[[Fairfax Media]]|last1=Tingle|first1=Laura|accessdate=7 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/04/us-missiles-syria-170407013424492.html|title=US launches cruise missiles at Syrian air base|date=7 April 2017|website=[[Al Jazeera]]|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network]]|author1="Al Jazeera and news agencies"|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407030002/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/04/us-missiles-syria-170407013424492.html|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="economictimes-1">{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/un-divided-over-syria-gas-attack-probe-as-us-launches-missile-strike/articleshow/58058642.cms|title=UN divided over Syria gas attack probe as US launches missile strike|date=7 April 2017|website=[[The Economic Times]]|publisher=[[The Times Group]]|author1=AFP|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=httphttps://archive.istoday/Eji2g20170407030423/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/un-divided-over-syria-gas-attack-probe-as-us-launches-missile-strike/articleshow/58058642.cms|archivedate=7 April 2017-04-07|dead-url=no}}</ref> Terbersit rencana bahwa Pangkalan Udara RussiaRusia juga akan dijadikan sebagai target.<ref name="cnn-12" /> [[Syrian Observatory for Human Rights|Observatori Hak Asasi Suriah]] mengatakan, serangan ini menewaskan empat prajurit, termasuk seorang jendral, dan merusak lusinan hangar, depo bahan bakar, serta markas pertahanan udara.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.idahostatesman.com/news/nation-world/article143257599.html|title=The Latest: Group says at least 4 killed in US Syria attack|work=idahostatesman|language=en|access-date=2017-04-07}}{{Pranala mati|date=Januari 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-observatory-idUKKBN1790IO?il=0|title=Syrian monitor says airbase almost destroyed in strike|last=Editorial|first=Reuters|work=Reuters UK|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-04-07}}</ref>
 
== Akibat ==
Baris 14 ⟶ 42:
 
=== Suriah ===
[[Surat kabar]] di Suriah mengutuk serangan tersebut, menyebut sebagai "aksi agresi" dan mengklaim telah menyebabkan kerugian tak terhitang.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.worldbulletin.net/todays-news/187512/us-aggression-causes-losses-syrian-state-media|title=US 'aggression' causes losses: Syrian state media - World Bulletin|work=World Bulletin|access-date=2017-04-07}}</ref> Tak lama setelah itu, [[Angkatan Darat ArabSuriah]] mengatakan, bahwa serangan tersebut merupakan jawaban yang akan menjadikan "kehancuran terorisme" dan memulihkan "perdamaian dan keamanan bagi segenap warga Suriah".<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2017/apr/07/us-syria-response-donald-trump-assad-pentagon-live</ref>
 
Najib Ghadbian, angotaanggota legislatif dari [[National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces|Koalisi Nasional untuk RevlolusiRevolusi Suriah dan Pasukan Oposisi]], menyambut baik serangan itu: "Merupakan langkah awal yang bagus, tetapi kami menginginkan agar mereka menjadi bagian dari strategi yang dapat mengakhiri pembunuhan massal, sebuah hukuman akhir. Dan terakhir kami berharap mereka dapat memimpin menuju kebaikan demi transi politik di Suriah."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/04/syrian-national-coalition-hails-strike-homs-base-170407041535245.html|title=Syrian National Coalition hails US strike on Homs base|date=7 April 2017|work=Al-Jazeera}}</ref>
 
=== Amerika Serikat ===
Reaksi dari para anggota [[Kongres]] di Amerika Serikat beragam dan tidak seragam di kalangan partai. [[Paul Ryan]] (R–WI), [[SpeakerKetua ofDewan thePerwakilan United States House of Representatives|Juru bicara KongresRakyat Amerika Serikat,]], mengatakan bahwa serangan itu "pantas dan selaras." [[Nancy Pelosi]] (D–CA) berkata, "Serangan kepada Suriah, malam ini, merupakan respon proporsional kepada rejim berkuasa atas penggunaan senjata kimia." Pemimpin Senat Minoritas, [[Chuck Schumer]] (D–NY) menyampaikan, "Meyakinkan Assad agar mengetahui bahwa ketika dia melakukan kekejian, maka dia akan membayar harga pantas atas apa yang pernah dia lakukan." Senator [[John McCain]] (R–AZ) dan [[Lindsey Graham]] (R–SC) mengungkapkan, "Berbeda dengan administrasi sebelumnya, Presiden Trump berkonfrontasi konfrontasi pada moment krusial di Suriah dan melakukan aksi. Untuk itulah, dia pantas mendapatkan dukungan dari rakyat Amerika Serikat." Senator [[Marco Rubio]] (R–FL) menyebut, serangan ini merupakan "kaputusan langkah penting."
 
Legislator lainnya mengkritik atas tindakan presiden. Senator [[Rand Paul]] (R–KY) mencuitkan, "Ketika kita mengutuk kekejaman di Suriah, Amerika Serikat tidak diserang." [[Ted Lieu]] (D–CA) juga mencuitkan di Twitter, "Ini sudah terjadi tanpa perdebatan di Kongres dan tanpa penjelasan kepada rakyat Amerika Serikat." Sedangkan [[Seth Moulton]] (D–MA) berujar, "Jadi, [Presiden Trump] cukup peduli kepada rakyat Suriah dengan cara meluncurkan 50 Tomahawks, tapi tidak cukup membiarkan korban-korban Assad mencari perlindungan dan kemerdekaan di sini."<ref name="ABC reaction">{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/strike-syria-mixed-reaction-lawmakers/story?id=46639533|title=Strike on Syria gets mixed reaction from lawmakers|date=6 April 2017|website=ABC News|last1=Fowler|first1=Tara|accessdate=6 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="Axios reaction">{{cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/reactions-to-u-s-strikes-in-syria-2348572364.html|title=Reactions to U.S. strikes in Syria|last2=Savitsky|first2=Shane|date=7 April 2017|website=Axios|last1=Vavra|first1=Shannon|accessdate=7 April 2017}}</ref>
 
=== Internasional ===
Pemerintah of [[Australia]],<ref name="sbsworldnews-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2017/04/07/australian-government-strongly-supports-syria-strike-turnbull|title='Australian government strongly supports' Syria strike: Turnbull|date=7 April 2017|website=[[SBS World News]]|publisher=[[Special Broadcasting Service]]|author1=''SBS News'' staff|accessdate=7 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407044414/http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2017/04/07/australian-government-strongly-supports-syria-strike-turnbull|archivedate=7 April 2017}}</ref> [[Israel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-praises-message-of-resolve-in-us-strike-on-syria/|title=Netanyahu praises ‘message of resolve’ in US strike on Syria|date=2017-04-07|publisher=Times of Israel|accessdate=2017-04-07}}</ref> [[Japan|Jepang]], <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantoday.com/category/politics/view/japan-supports-u-s-missile-strike-in-syria|title=Japan supports U.S. missile strike in Syria|publisher=Japan Today|accessdate=7 April 2017}}</ref> [[Saudi Arabia]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Saudi-Arabia-says-fully-supports-US-military-strikes-in-Syria-486404|title=SAUDI ARABIA SAYS FULLY SUPPORTS US MILITARY STRIKES|date=2017-04-07|publisher=Jerusalem Post|accessdate=2017-04-07}}</ref> the [[United Kingdom|Britania Raya]],<ref name="Reuters">{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-reaction-idUSKBN1790M4|title=Iran condemns air strike in Syria; Britain, Australia give support|date=7 April 2017|website=Reuters|location=Sydney|last1=Packham|first1=Colin|accessdate=7 April 2017}}</ref> dan [[Turkey|Turki]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/turkey-welcomes-significant-us-strikes-on-syria-base/791216|title='Turkey welcomes 'significant' US strikes on Syria base|date=7 April 2017|website=[[Anadolu Agency]]|publisher=[[Anadolu Agency]]|author1=AA staff|accessdate=7 April 2017}}</ref> memuji atasserangan serangantersebut sebagai balasan dan pesan kuat dalam rangka memerangi senjata kimia.
 
Pemerintah [[Iran]] mengutuk aksi tersebut sebagai aksi unilateral yang hanya akan memprkokoh dan merumitkan gerakan teroris dalam peperangan.<ref name="Reuters" /> Juru bicara kepresidenan RussiaRusia [[Dmitry Peskov]] menyebut, ini merupakan langkah ilegal "aksi agresi" yang didasarkan atas "''trumped-up pretext''" dan upaya mengalihkan perhatian dunia dari korban perang Irak, yang secara substansi melemahkan [[hubungan Amerika Serikat-RussiaRusia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tass.com/politics/939920|title=Putin calls US strikes against Syria 'aggression against sovereign country'|publisher=[[TASS]]|last1=Robinson|first1=Julian|accessdate=7 April 2017}}</ref>
 
== Lihat pula ==
{{portal|Syrian Civil War}}
* [[September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid]] – An accidental strike by [[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|coalition]] forces on the [[Syrian Arab Army]]
* [[March 2017 Israel-Syria incident]] – Closely preceding airstrikes by Israel in Syria, targeting Hezbollah arms convoys
* [[Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush]] – a previous attack on the Shayrat Airbase by rebels in November 2011
 
== Referensi ==
Baris 39 ⟶ 61:
== Pranala luar ==
* [https://www.defense.gov/News/Article/Article/1144601/trump-orders-missile-attack-in-retaliation-for-syrian-chemical-strikes US Department of Defense announcement]
 
{{Uncategorized|date=Februari 2023}}
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