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Baris 2: \| conflict = Perang Vietnam<br /><small>(Chiến tranh Việt Nam)</small> \| partof = [[Peperangan Indochina]] dan [[Perang Dingin]] \| image = {{multiple image\|border=infobox\|perrow=2/2/2\|total_width=300 ~~\| image = [[Berkas:VNWarMontage.png\|300px]]~~ \| image1= U.S. Army UH-1H Hueys insert ARVN troops at Khâm Đức, Vietnam, 12 July 1970 (79431435).jpg \| caption = '''Searah jarum jam, dari kiri atas''': Operasi tempur AS di [[Pertempuran Ia Drang\|Ia Drang]], pasukan Ranger ARVN mempertahankan [[Pertempuran Saigon (1968)\|Saigon]] selama [[serangan Tet]] pada tahun 1968, dua [[Douglas A-4 Skyhawk\|A-4C Skyhawks]] setelah [[insiden Teluk Tonkin]], pasukan ARVN kembali merebut [[Provinsi Quang Tri\|Quảng Trị]] selama [[serangan Paskah]] tahun 1972, warga sipil melarikan diri dari [[Pertempuran Quảng Trị Pertama\|pertempuran Quảng Trị 1972]], dan pemakaman 300 korban [[Pembantaian di Huế]]. \| alt1= \| date = 1 November 1955{{refn\|Keberadaan awal pasukan Amerika di Vietnam dan tanggal mulainya Perang Vietnam adalah bahan perdebatan. Pada tahun 1998, setelah ulasan tingkat tinggi oleh [[Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat\|Departemen Pertahanan]] (DoD) dan melalui upaya keluarga [[Richard B. Fitzgibbon, Jr.\|Richard B. Fitzgibbon]], tanggal mulainya Perang Vietnam menurut pemerintah AS secara resmi diubah menjadi tanggal 1 November 1955.<ref name="DoD p. ">{{harvnb\|DoD\|1998\|p=}}</ref> Laporan pemerintah AS saat ini mengutip tanggal 1 November 1955 sebagai tanggal dimulainya "Konflik Vietnam", karena tanggal ini merupakan tanggal ketika Kelompok Penasehat Bantuan Militer AS (MAAG) di Indochina (dikerahkan ke Asia Tenggara di bawah Presiden Truman) direorganisasi menjadi unit khusus di negara tertentu, dan merupakan tanggal saat MAAG Vietnam didirikan.<ref name = "Lawrence 2009 20">{{Harvnb\|Lawrence\|2009\|p=20}}.</ref>▼ \| image2=Pavnbattle.jpg \| alt2= \| image3=Hue Massacre Interment.jpg \| alt3= \| image4=Flame Thrower. Operation New Castle. - NARA - 532488.tif \| alt4= \| image5=A-4C Skyhawks of VA-146 fly past USS Kearsarge (CVS-33) in the South China Sea on 12 August 1964 (USN 1107965).jpg \| alt5= \| image6=Nguyen.jpg \| alt6=}}'''Searah jarum jam dari kiri atas:''' {{flatlist\|* Helikopter Huey AS memasukkan pasukan ARVN Vietnam Selatan, 1970. * Pasukan Vietnam Utara sedang beraksi {{circa\|1966}}. * [[Korps Marinir Amerika Serikat\|Marinir AS]] sedang menggunakan [[Pelontar api]], 1967. * Jenderal Vietnam Selatan, [[Nguyễn Ngọc Loan]] dengan cepat mengeksekusi perwira Viet Cong, [[Eksekusi Nguyễn Văn Lém\|Nguyễn Văn Lém]] selama [[Serangan Tet]] berlangsung. * Dua pesawat [[A-4 Skyhawk\|Douglas A-4C Skyhawk]] terbang melewati kapal induk [[USS Kearsarge (CV-33)\|USS Kearsarge (CVS-33)]], 1964. * Penguburan warga sipil yang tewas akibat [[Pembantaian di Huế]]. }} ▲ \| date = 1 November 1955{{refn\|Keberadaan awal pasukan Amerika di [[Vietnam]] dan tanggal mulainya Perang Vietnam adalah bahan perdebatan. Pada tahun 1998, setelah ulasan tingkat tinggi oleh [[Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat\|Departemen Pertahanan]] (DoD) dan melalui upaya keluarga [[Richard B. Fitzgibbon, Jr.\|Richard B. Fitzgibbon]], tanggal mulainya Perang Vietnam menurut pemerintah AS secara resmi diubah menjadi tanggal 1 November 1955.<ref name="DoD p. ">{{harvnb\|DoD\|1998\|p=}}</ref> Laporan pemerintah AS saat ini mengutip tanggal 1 November 1955 sebagai tanggal dimulainya "Konflik Vietnam", karena tanggal ini merupakan tanggal ketika Kelompok Penasehat Bantuan Militer AS (MAAG) di [[Indochina]] (dikerahkan ke Asia Tenggara di bawah Presiden Truman) direorganisasi menjadi unit khusus di negara tertentu, dan merupakan tanggal saat MAAG Vietnam didirikan.<ref name = "Lawrence 2009 20">{{Harvnb\|Lawrence\|2009\|p=20}}.</ref> Tanggal mulai lainnya termasuk ketika pasukan [[Viet Cong ]]di bawah pemerintahan Hanoi di Vietnam Selatan memulai [[pemberontakan]] tingkat rendah pada bulan Desember 1956,<ref name = "Olson Roberts 1991 67">{{Harvnb\|Olson\|Roberts\|1991\|p=67}}.{{cnf\|date=September 2013}}</ref> sedangkan beberapa kalangan menganggap 26 September 1959, saat pertempuran pertama terjadi antara Viet Cong dan tentara Vietnam Selatan, sebagai tanggal mulainya perang.<ref name="WarBegan">[http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent14.htm Origins of the Insurgency in South Vietnam, 1954–1960] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019184424/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent14.htm \|date=2017-10-19 }}, The Pentagon Papers (Gravel Edition), Volume 1, Bab 5, (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971), Bagian 3, hlm. 314–346; International Relations Department, Mount Holyoke College.</ref> \| group="A"\|name="start date"}} – {{End date\|df=yes\|1975\|4\|30}}<br />({{Age in years, months, weeks and days\|month1=11\|day1=1\|year1=1955\|month2=04\|day2=30\|year2=1975}}) \| place = [[Vietnam Selatan]], [[Vietnam Utara]], [[Kamboja]], [[Laos]] Baris 31 ⟶ 43: \| bullets = yes \| title = Dukungan lainnya \|{{flag\|Malaysia}}<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://studentsrepo.um.edu.my/747/4/BAB3.pdf\|title=Chapter Three: 1957-1969 Early Relations between Malaysia and Vietnam\|publisher=[[Universitas Malaya]] Student Repository\|accessdate=17 October 2015\|format=PDF\|page=72}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.idfr.gov.my/images/stories/publication/2008/tunku.pdf\|title=Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj (Profiles of Malaysia's Foreign Ministers)\|publisher=Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations (IDFR), [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Malaysia)]]\|year=2008\|accessdate=17 Oktober 2015\|isbn=978-983-2220-26-8\|format=PDF\|page=31\|quote=Tunku secara pribadi telah bertanggung jawab atas dukungan partisan Malaya terhadap rezim Vietnam Selatan dalam berperang melawan [[Vietcong]], dan dalam balasannya terhadap pertanyaan Parlemen pada tanggal 6 Februari 1962, ia telah mendaftarkan semua senjata dan peralatan bekas dari Kepolisian Kerajaan Malaya yang diberikan kepada Saigon. Ini termasuk total 45.707 senapan tunggal barel, 611 kendaraan lapis baja dan sedikit karaben serta pistol. Dalam tulisannya pada tahun 1975, ia mengungkapkan bahwa "kami secara sembunyi-sembunyi telah memberikan 'bantuan' ke [[Vietnam]] sejak awal tahun 1958. Sumber arsip Amerika yang sudah diterbitkan telah mengungkapkan bahwa kontribusi Malaysia yang sebenarnya untuk perang di Vietnam termasuk sebagai berikut:" lebih dari 5.000 petugas Vietnam dilatih di Malaysia; pelatihan dari 150 tentara AS untuk menangani Anjing Pelacak; daftar yang cukup mengesankan tentang peralatan militer dan senjata yang diberikan kepada Viet-Nam setelah akhir pemberontakan Malaysia (misalnya, 641 pengangkut personel lapis baja, 56.000 senapan); dan sejumlah bantuan sipil (alat transportasi, vaksin kolera, dan bantuan korban banjir)". Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa kebijakan Pemerintah mendukung rezim Vietnam Selatan dengan senjata, peralatan dan pelatihan dianggap oleh beberapa kalangan, terutama Partai-partai oposisi, sebagai bentuk campur tangan dalam urusan internal negara itu dan upaya berani Tunku untuk mempertahankannya tidak cukup meyakinkan, dari sudut pandang kebijakan murni asing.\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016191310/http://www.idfr.gov.my/images/stories/publication/2008/tunku.pdf\|archivedate=16 Oktober 2015\|deadurl=no}}</ref> \|{{flagicon\|Spanyol\|1945}} [[Spanyol di bawah Francisco Franco\|Spanyol]]<ref name="ALLIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM"/> \| {{flagicon\|Kanada}} [[Kanada dan Perang Vietnam\|Kanada]]<ref name="ALLIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM"/> Baris 55 ⟶ 67: \| {{Flagicon\|Romania\|1965}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania\|Romania]]<ref>{{Harvnb\|Crump\|2015\|p=183}}</ref> \|{{flag\|Republik Rakyat Polandia\|name=Polandia}}<ref>http://www.historycy.org/index.php?showtopic=36539&st=15 Polish military advisers in North Vietnam(in Polish)</ref><ref name="strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil">{{cite journal\|last=Radvanyi\|first=Janos\|url=http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Articles/1980/1980%20radvanyi.pdf\|title=Vietnam War Diplomacy: Reflections of a Former Iron Curtain Official\|work=Paramaters: Journal of the US Army War College\|location=Carlise Barracks, Pennsylvania\|volume=10\|issue=3\|year=1980\|pages=8–15\|issn=\|journal=\|access-date=2017-03-08\|archive-date=2016-10-19\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019131035/http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/Articles/1980/1980%20radvanyi.pdf\|dead-url=yes}}</ref> \| {{flagicon\|~~Hongaria~~Hungaria}} [[Republik Rakyat ~~Hongaria~~Hungaria\|~~Hongaria~~Hungaria]]<ref name="strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil"/>\| \| {{flag\|Swedia}}<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.historynet.com/why-did-sweeden-support-the-viet-cong.htm \|title=Why did Sweden support the Viet Cong?\|work=HistoryNet \| date=25 Juli 2013\| access-date=20 Juli 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/sweden-announces-support-to-viet-cong\|title=Sweden announces support to Viet Cong\|work=HISTORY.com \| access-date=20 Juli 2016 \| quote=Di Swedia, Menteri Luar Negeri Torsten Nilsson mengungkapkan bahwa Swedia telah memberikan bantuan kepada Viet Cong, termasuk sekitar $550.000 yang setara dengan pasokan medis. Bantuan Swedia yang serupa juga diberikan ke warga sipil di Kamboja dan Laos yang terkena dampak oleh pertempuran Indocina. Dukungan ini terutama dititikberatkan di bidang kemanusiaan di alam dan tidak termasuk bantuan militer.}}</ref> }} Baris 70 ⟶ 82: \| \| casualties1 = '''{{flagu\|Vietnam Selatan}}'''<br />195,000–430,000 warga sipil tewas<ref name="Hirschman">Charles Hirschman et al., [http://faculty.washington.edu/charles/new%20PUBS/A77.pdf "Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate"], ''[[Population and Development Review]]'', December 1995.</ref><ref name = "Lewy 1978 450_453">{{Harvnb\|Lewy\|1978\|pp=450–3}}.</ref><ref name="Thayer 1">{{Harvnb\|Thayer\|1985\|loc=chap. 12}}.</ref><br />220,357<ref name="aaron"/>–313,000 personel militer tewas<ref name=FOOTNOTERummel1997>{{citation \|last=Rummel \|first=R.J \|year=1997 \|url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1A.GIF \|format=GIF \|title=Table 6.1A. Vietnam Democide : Estimates, Sources, and Calculations, \|work=Freedom, Democracy, Peace; Power, Democide, and War, University of Hawaii System }}</ref><br /> 1,170,000 terluka<ref name="ReferenceA">Tucker, Spencer E. ''The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History'' ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-85109-961-1</ref><br /> '''{{flagu\|Amerika Serikat\|1960}}'''<br />58,315 tewas;<ref>{{cite press release \|author=Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund \|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/memorial-day-ceremony-at-the-wall-to-commemorate-eight-additions-to-the-wall-and-honor-all-members-of-americas-armed-forces-who-have-made-the-ultimate-sacrifice-300260920.html \|title=Memorial Day ceremony at The Wall to commemorate eight additions to The Wall and honor all members of America's Armed Forces who have made the ultimate sacrifice \|date=2 May 2016 \|publisher=PR Newswire}}</ref> 153,303 terluka{{refn\|Angka sebesar 58.220 dan 303.644 untuk korban tewas dan terluka AS, berasal dari Divisi Analisis Informasi Statistik Departemen Pertahanan (SIAD), Pusat Data Tenaga Kerja Pertahanan, serta dari lembar fakta Departemen Veteran bertanggal bulan Mei 2010; totalnya 153.303 korban luka (WIA), dan tidak termasuk 150.332 orang yang tidak memerlukan perawatan rumah sakit,<ref>{{cite report \|title=America's Wars \|url=http://www1.va.gov/opa/publications/factsheets/fs_americas_wars.pdf \|publisher=Department of Veterans Affairs \|date=May 2010 \|access-date=2017-03-08 \|archive-date=2014-01-24 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124020810/http://www.va.gov/opa/publications/factsheets/fs_americas_wars.pdf \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> Laporan CRS ([[Layanan Penelitian Kongres\|Congressional Research Service]]) untuk Kongres, Perang Amerika dan Korban Operasi Militer: Daftar dan Statistik, bertanggal 26 Februari 2010,<ref>{{cite report \|date=26 Februari 2010 \|title=American War and Military Operations: Casualties: Lists and Statistics \|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RL32492.pdf \|author1=Anne Leland \|author2=Mari–Jana "M-J" Oboroceanu \|publisher=Congressional Research Service}}</ref> dan buku Crucible Vietnam: Memoir dari Letnan Infanteri.<ref>{{Harvnb\|Lawrence\|2009\|pp=65, 107, 154, 217}}</ref> Beberapa sumber lain memberikan angka yang berbeda (misalnya film dokumenter tahun 2005/2006, ''Heart of Darkness: Vietnam War Chronicles 1945-1975'' yang dikutip di bagian lain artikel ini memberikan angka 58.159 untuk kematian di pihak AS,<ref name="aaron">{{cite video \|people = Aaron Ulrich (editor); Edward FeuerHerd (producer and director) \|date=2005 & 2006 \|title = Heart of Darkness: The Vietnam War Chronicles 1945–1975 \|format = Box set, Color, Dolby, DVD-Video, Full Screen, NTSC, Dolby, Vision Software \|medium = Documentary \|publisher = Koch Vision \|time = 321 minutes \|isbn = 1-4172-2920-9 }}</ref> dan buku tahun 2007, ''Vietnam Sons'' memberikan angka 5863,226)<ref>Kueter, Dale. ''Vietnam Sons: For Some, the War Never Ended.'' AuthorHouse (21 Maret 2007). ISBN 978-1425969318</ref>\|name=USd&w\|group=A}}<br /> '''{{flagu\|Korea Selatan\|1949}}'''<br />5,099 tewas; 10,962 terluka; 4 hilang<br /> '''{{flagu\|Australia}}'''<br />500 tewas; 3,129 terluka<br /><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/vietnam/statistics.asp \|title=Australian casualties in the Vietnam War, 1962–72 \| Australian War Memorial \|publisher=Awm.gov.au \|accessdate=29 Juni 2013 \|archive-date=2013-05-16 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516081613/http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/vietnam/statistics.asp \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><br /> '''{{flagu\|Thailand}}'''<br />351 tewas; 1,358 terluka<ref>The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History By Spencer C. Tucker "https://books.google.com/?id=qh5lffww-KsC"</ref><br /> '''{{flagu\|Selandia Baru}}'''<br />37 tewas; 187 terluka<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources \|title=Overview of the war in Vietnam \| VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War \|publisher=Vietnamwar.govt.nz \|date=16 Juli 1965 \|accessdate=29 Juni 2013 \|archive-date=2013-07-26 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726010609/http://vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources \|dead-url=yes }}</ref><br /> '''{{flagu\|Filipina\|1936}}'''<br />9 tewas;<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.history.army.mil/books/Vietnam/allied/ch03.htm \|title=Chapter III: The Philippines \|publisher=History.army.mil \|accessdate=24 Februari 2014 \|archive-date=2013-10-29 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203725/http://www.history.army.mil/books/Vietnam/allied/ch03.htm \|dead-url=yes }}</ref> 64 terluka<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://175thengineers.homestead.com/Philcav.pdf \|title=Asian Allies in Vietnam \|publisher=Embassy of South Vietnam \|date=Maret 1970 \|accessdate=18 Oktober 2015}}</ref> Baris 98 ⟶ 110: '''Perang Vietnam''', juga disebut '''Perang Indocina Kedua''', adalah sebuah [[perang]] yang terjadi antara [[1957]] dan [[1975]] di [[Vietnam]]. Perang ini merupakan bagian dari [[Perang Dingin]] antara dua kubu ideologi besar, yakni [[Komunis]] dan [[SEATO]]. Dua kubu yang saling berperang adalah Republik Vietnam (Vietnam Selatan) dan Republik Demokratik Vietnam (Vietnam Utara). [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Korea Selatan]], [[Thailand]], [[Australia]], [[Selandia Baru]] dan [[Filipina]] (~~yang~~juga bantuan militer oleh [[Taiwan]] dan [[Spanyol]]) bersekutu dengan Vietnam Selatan, sedangkan [[USSR\|Uni Soviet]], [[RRT\|Tiongkok]], [[Korea Utara]], [[Republik Rakyat Mongolia\|Mongolia]] dan [[Kuba]] mendukung Vietnam Utara yang berideologi [[komunisme\|komunis]]. Jumlah korban yang meninggal diperkirakan lebih dari 280.000 jiwa di pihak [[Vietnam Selatan]] dan lebih dari 1.000.000 jiwa di pihak [[Vietnam Utara]]. Baris 129 ⟶ 141: Pada akhir (Perang Dunia II), pergerakan (Viet Minh) di bawah pimpinan (Ho Chí Minh) berhasil membebaskan Vietnam dari tangan penjajah, tetapi keberhasilan itu hanya untuk masa yang singkat saja. Pihak Jepang menangkap pemerintah Prancis dan memberikan Vietnam suatu bentuk “kemerdekaan” sebagai sebagian dari rancangan Jepang untuk "membebaskan" bumi Asia dari penjajahan barat. Banyak bangunan diserahkan kepada kelompok-kelompok nasionalis. Perang Vietnam merupakan perang terlama Amerika Serikat di Asia Tenggara. == Keterlibatan negara-negara lain == Baris 166 ⟶ 178: \| last= Appy \|first= Christian G. \|authorlink= Christian G. Appy \|year= 2006 \| title= Vietnam: The Definitive Oral History, Told from All Sides \| url= https://archive.org/details/vietnamdefinitiv0000appy \| location= London \|publisher= Ebury Press \| isbn= 978-0-091-91011-2 \|ref= harv }} :Baker, Kevin. "Stabbed in the Back! The past and future of a right-wing myth", ''Harper's Magazine'' (Juni 2006) {{cite web \|url = http://www.harpers.org/archive/2006/06/0081080 \|title = Stabbed in the back! The past and future of a right-wing myth (Harper's Magazine) \|accessdate = 11 Juni 2008 }} Baris 191 ⟶ 203: \| last= Courtwright \|first= David T. \|year=2005 \| title= Sky as Frontier: Adventure, Aviation, and Empire \| url= https://archive.org/details/skyasfrontieradv0000cour \| location= College Station, Texas \|publisher= Texas A&M University Press \| isbn= 978-1-585-44384-0 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite journal \| last= Crook \| first= John R. \| year= 2008 \| title= Court of Appeals Affirms Dismissal of Agent Orange Litigation \| url= https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-international-law_2008-07_102_3/page/662 \| journal= [[American Journal of International Law]] \| volume= 102 \| number= 3 \| pages= 662–664 \| jstor= 20456664 \| ref= harv }} Baris 207 ⟶ 219: :{{Cite book \| last= Fall \|first= Bernard B. \|authorlink= Bernard B. Fall \|year= 1967 \| title= The Two Viet-Nams: A Political and Military Analysis \| url= https://archive.org/details/twovietnamspolit00fall \|edition= 2nd \| location= New York \|publisher= Praeger \| isbn= 978-0-999-14179-3 \|ref= harv }} Baris 259 ⟶ 271: \| isbn= 978-0-786-44517-2 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite book \| last=Lawrence\|first= Mark Atwood\|year= 2008\|title=The Vietnam War: A Concise International History\| url=https://archive.org/details/vietnamwarconcis0000lawr\|publisher= Oxford University Press\|isbn=9780195314656}} :Leepson, Marc ed. (1999). ''Dictionary of the Vietnam War''. New York: Webster's New World. :{{Cite book \| last= Lewy \|first= Guenter \|authorlink= Guenter Lewy \|year= 1978 \| title= America in Vietnam \| url= https://archive.org/details/americainvietnam00lewy \| location= New York \|publisher= Oxford University Press \| isbn= 978-0-195-02732-7 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite book \| last= Logevall \| first= Fredrik \| authorlink= Fredrik Logevall \| year= 2001 \| title= The Origins of the Vietnam War \| url= https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900582319188_w1j4 \| location= Harlow \| publisher= Longman \| isbn= 978-0-582-31918-9 \| ref= harv }} Baris 276 ⟶ 288: :{{Cite book\|last=McMahon\|first=Robert J.\|year=1995\|title=Major Problems in the History of the Vietnam War: Documents and Essays\|ref=harv}} :{{Cite book \| author= [[Robert McNamara\|McNamara, Robert S.]], with James Blight, Robert Brigham, [[Thomas J. Biersteker\|Thomas Biersteker]], Herbert Schandler \| year= 1999 \| title= Argument Without End: In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy \| url= https://archive.org/details/argumentwithoute00mcna \| location= New York \| publisher= [[PublicAffairs]] \| isbn= 978-1-891-62087-4 \| ref= CITEREFMcNamara1999 }} :{{Cite book\|last=McNeill \|first=Ian \|title=To Long Tan: The Australian Army and the Vietnam War 1950–1966 \|url=https://archive.org/details/tolongtanaustral0000mcne \|publisher=Allen & Unwin \|location=St Leonards \|year=1993 \|isbn=1-86373-282-9\|ref=harv}} :{{Cite book \| last= Milne \|first= David \|year= 2008 \| title= America's Rasputin: Walt Rostow and the Vietnam War \| url= https://archive.org/details/americasrasputin0000miln \| location= New York \|publisher= Hill & Wang \| isbn= 978-0-374-10386-6 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite book Baris 290 ⟶ 302: \| last= ——— \|first= <!--N/A--> \|year= 2002 \| title= Historical Dictionary of the Vietnam War \| url= https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000mois \| location= Lanham, Maryland \|publisher= Scarecrow Press \| isbn= 978-0-810-84183-3 \|ref= CITEREFMoïse2002 }} :Moss, George D. ''Vietnam'' (ed. ke-4 2002) textbook. Baris 302 ⟶ 314: \| last= Neale \|first= Jonathan \|year= 2001 \| title= The American War: Vietnam, 1960–1975 \| url= https://archive.org/details/americanwarvietn0000neal \| location= London \|publisher= Bookmarks \| isbn= 978-1-898-87667-0 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite book \| last= Nelson \| first= Deborah \| year= 2008 \| title= The War Behind Me: Vietnam Veterans Confront the Truth about U.S. War Crimes \| url= https://archive.org/details/warbehindmevietn00nels_0 \| location= Philadelphia, Pennsylvania \| publisher= Basic Books \| isbn= 978-0-465-00527-7 \| ref= harv }} Baris 309 ⟶ 321: \| last= Oberdorfer \|first= Don \|authorlink= Don Oberdorfer \|year= 2001 \|origyear= 1971 \| title= Tet! The Turning Point in the Vietnam War \| url= https://archive.org/details/tetturningpointi0000ober \| location= Baltimore, Maryland \|publisher= Johns Hopkins University Press \| isbn= 978-0-801-86703-3 \|ref=harv }} :{{Cite journal \|last1= Obermeyer \|first1= Ziad \|last2= Murray \|first2= Christopher J. L. \|last3= Gakidou \|first3= Emmanuela \|year= 2008 \|title= Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme \|url= http://www.bmj.com/content/336/7659/1482 \|journal= [[BMJ]] \|volume= 336 \|pages= 1482–6 \|doi= 10.1136/bmj.a137 \|ref= harv \|pmid= 18566045 \|issue= 7659 \|pmc= 2440905 }} Baris 317 ⟶ 329: \| last= Palmer \|first= Dave R. \|authorlink= Dave Richard Palmer \|year= 1978 \| title= Summons of Trumpet: U.S.-Vietnam in Perspective \| url= https://archive.org/details/summonsoftrumpet0000palm_m9p0 \| location= Novato, California \|publisher= Presidio Press \| isbn= 978-0-891-41550-3 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite journal Baris 328 ⟶ 340: \| chapter= The Road South: The Ho Chi Minh Trail \| title= ''In Andew Wiest, ed.,'' Rolling Thunder in a Gentle Land ''(pp. 74–95)'' \| url= https://archive.org/details/rollingthunderin00wies \| location= Oxford \|publisher= Osprey Publishing \| isbn= 978-1-846-03020-8 \|ref= harv }} :{{Cite book \| last= Robbins \| first= Mary Susannah \| year= 2007 \| url= https://books.google.com.vn/books?id=RK1XoEXCoVEC&printsec=frontcover&hl=vi#v=onepage&q&f=false \| title= Against the Vietnam War: Writings by Activists \| location= Lanham, Maryland \| publisher= Rowman & Littlefield Publishers \| isbn= 978-0-7425-5914-1 \| ref= harv }} Baris 400 ⟶ 412: \| last= Westheider \|first= James E. \|year= 2007 \| title= The Vietnam War \| url= https://archive.org/details/vietnamwar0000west_i5w5 \| location= Westport, Connecticut \|publisher= Greenwood Press \| isbn= 978-0-313-33755-0 \|ref= harv }} :{{cite book\|last=Willbanks\|first=James H.\|title=Vietnam War almanac\|url=https://books.google.com/?id=X5WWklFB5O4C\|year=2009\|publisher=Infobase Publishing\|isbn=978-0-8160-7102-9\|ref=harv}} Baris 430 ⟶ 442: :{{Cite book\|ref=harv\|last=Truong\|first=Như Tảng; David Chanoff, Van Toai Doan\|authorlink=Trương Như Tảng\|title=A Vietcong memoir\|url=https://archive.org/details/vietcongmemoir00trng\|edition=1985\|year=1985\|publisher=Harcourt Brace Jovanovich\|isbn=978-0-15-193636-6}}<small>- Total pages: 350 </small> :The landmark series Vietnam: A Television History, first broadcast in 1983, is a special presentation of the award-winning PBS history series, American Experience. :''The Pentagon Papers'' (Gravel ed. 5 vol 1971); combination of narrative and secret documents compiled by Pentagon. [http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent1.html excerpts] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818075800/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent1.html \|date=2018-08-18 }} :U.S. Department of State. ''Foreign Relations of the United States'' (multivolume collection of official secret documents) [https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_i/index.html vol 1: 1964] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506075406/https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_i/index.html \|date=2017-05-06 }}; [https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_ii/index.html vol 2: 1965] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506075601/https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_ii/index.html \|date=2017-05-06 }}; [https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_ii/index.html vol 3: 1965] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506075601/https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_ii/index.html \|date=2017-05-06 }}; [https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_iv/index.html vol 4: 1966] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506075620/https://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_iv/index.html \|date=2017-05-06 }}; :U.S. Department of Defense and the House Committee on Armed Services. ''U.S.-Vietnam Relations, 1945–1967.'' Washington, D.C. Department of Defense and the House Committee on Armed Services, 1971, 12 volumes. Baris 444 ⟶ 456: * [http://watch.opb.org/video/2285035194/ A Vietnam Diary's Homecoming] Video yang diproduksi oleh serial [[PBS]], [[History Detectives]] * [http://www.americanhistoryprojects.com/downloads/vietnam.htm Detailed bibliography of Vietnam War] * [http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/vietnam.htm Documents Relating to American Foreign Policy-Vietnam] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813005227/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/vietnam.htm \|date=2012-08-13 }} sumber primer tentang keterlibatan AS * [http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552505 Fallout of the War] from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20160115205405/https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552494 Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives] * [http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/sixties/HTML_docs/Resources/Glossary/Sixties_Term_Gloss_K_P.html Glossary of Military Terms & Slang from the Vietnam War] Baris 461 ⟶ 473: * [http://mashable.com/2016/02/05/another-vietnam-photography/ 1965–1975 Another Vietnam; Unseen images of the war from the winning side] - [[Mashable]] * [http://openarchives.umb.edu/cdm/search/collection/p15774coll8/searchterm/Vietnam%20War/field/subjec/mode/exact/conn/and/order/date Archival collections about the Vietnam War], University Archives and Special Collections, Joseph P. Healey Library, [[Universitas Massachusetts Boston]] * [http://www.wix9ja.com/vietnam/vietnamization/default.aspx The Effects of Vietnamization on the Republic of Vietnam's Armed Forces, 1969–1972] {{Vietnam War graphical timeline}}