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Baris 1:
{{Infobox President
| name=Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella
[[hu:Mohamed |image= Président Ahmed Ben Bella]].jpg▼
| image=Khider_-_Lacheraf_-_A%C3%AFt_Ahmed_-_Boudiaf_-_Ben_Bella.jpg
| caption=Ben Bella (kanan) setelah pembebasannya oleh tentara Perancis
| order=[[Presiden Aljazair]] ke-3
| term_start=[[15 September]] [[1963]]
| term_end=[[19 Juni]] [[1965]]
| predecessor=[[Ferhat Abbas]]
| successor=[[Houari Boumédiènne]]
| birth_date={{birth date and age|1916|12|25}}
| birth_place=[[Maghnia]], [[Aljazair]]
| death_date={{death date|2012|04|11}}
| death_place=
| spouse=
| party=[[Front Liberasi Nasional]]
}}
 
'''Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella''' (Muhammad Ahmad Bin Balla) ([[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]: أحمد بن بلّة), lahir [[25 Desember]] [[1918]], [[Maghnia]], [[Aljazair]]) menjabat [[Presiden Aljazair|Presiden]] [[Aljazair]] yang pertama dan dijuluki sebagai [[Bapak Bangsa]].
'''Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella''' (Muhammad Ahmad Bin Balla) ([[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]: أحمد بن بلّة), lahir [[25 Desember]] [[1918]], [[Maghnia]], [[Aljazair]]) menjabat [[Presiden Aljazair|Presiden]] [[Aljazair]] yang pertama dan dijuluki sebagai [[Bapak Bangsa]]. <!--Ben Bella was born in a small village in western Algeria during the height of the [[France|French]] colonial period to a [[Sufi]] [[Muslim]] family. He attended school in Tlemclen and was disturbed by the discrimination towards Muslims by his European teacher. He failed his ''brevet'' exam, and subsequently dropped out of school. He was called to French military service in 1936, two years early because his father had altered his civil status when he was to sit for his exams in Maghnia from 1918 to 1916. He was sent to Marseille, and while there he played center mid-field for the l'Olympique de Marseille. He was offered a professional spot on the team, but he rejected the offer. Ben Bella returned to Algeria to find his father and three of his brothers dead and the fourth dying. He was soon called back to the army. He joined the Italian Campaign to liberate Italy. Service in the French military benefitted Ben Bella in two major ways: he learned military skills and saw first hand the discrimination and inequality of the Algerian people under French colonial control.
== Sebelum Kemerdekaan ==
 
Pemilu berikut sebagai anggota dewan kota Ben Bella menjadi anggota pendiri dari sebuah organisasi bawah tanah berjanji untuk melawan kekuasaan kolonial, yang dikenal sebagai Organisasi Speciale. Ini adalah pendahulu langsung dari [[Front de Libération Nationale]]. Ditangkap pada tahun [[1951]] dan dihukum delapan tahun penjara Ben Bella melarikan diri dari penjara Blida, membuat perjalanan ke [[Tunisia]] dan kemudian [[Mesir]].
==Before independence==
During the [[Second World War]] he served in the [[Free French]] army, and was decorated for bravery. He was one of the founding members of the [[Front de Libération Nationale]]. He was arrested by the French in [[1956]], after his airplane had been controversially intercepted and brought to France, and spent until [[1962]] in prison. While in prison he was elected a vice-premier of the Algerian [[provisional government]]. Ben Bella's first language was [[French language|French]], not [[Arabic language|Arabic]], and it was not until he travelled to [[Egypt]] while trying to gain support for the Algerian independence struggle that he actually learned Arabic. While in Egypt, Ben Bella met the Egyptian president, [[Gamel Abdel Nasser]]. When Nasser brought Ben Bella to speak for the first time to an Egyptian audience, he broke into tears because he could not speak [[Arabic language|Arabic]]. It has been said that he refused to teach his own daughter French because he wanted her to learn Arabic first and not be in the same position he was. Like many [[Arab]] militants of the time, he would come to describe himself as a "[[Nasserism|Nasserist]]" and developed close ties to Egypt even before independence was achieved. Nasser's material, emotional and political support of the Algerian movement would come to cause him troubles, as it played a major role in France's choice to wage war on him during the [[1956]] [[Suez Crisis]].
 
Pada pecahnya [[Perang Aljazair]] pada tahun [[1954]] Ben Bella yang berbasis di [[Kairo]] tempat ia menjadi salah satu dari sembilan anggota Komite Revolusioner Persatuan dan Aksi yang dipimpin Front Pembebasan Nasional (FLN). Ia ditangkap oleh [[Prancis]] pada tahun [[1956]], setelah pesawatnya telah kontroversial dicegat dan dibawa ke Prancis, dan dirilis pada tahun [[1962]]. Penangkapan menyebabkan pengunduran diri [[Alain Savary]], bertentangan dengan kebijakan [[Guy Mollet]] itu. Sementara di penjara ia terpilih sebagai wakil perdana menteri pemerintahan sementara Aljazair. Bahasa pertama Ben Bella adalah Prancis, bukan Arab [kutipan diperlukan]. Dia belajar bahasa Arab di penjara sementara. Sementara di Mesir, Ben Bella bertemu dengan [[Presiden Mesir]], [[Gamal Abdul Nasser]]. Ketika [[Gamal Abdul Nasser|Nasser]] membawa Ben Bella untuk berbicara untuk pertama kalinya kepada audiens [[Mesir]], ia berlinang air mata karena ia tidak bisa [[bahasa Arab]]. Ia mengatakan bahwa ia menolak untuk mengajarkan putrinya sendiri Bahasa Prancis karena dia ingin belajar [[bahasa Arab]] dan tidak berada dalam posisi yang sama sepertinya. Seperti militan Arab selama itu, ia akan datang untuk menjelaskan dirinya sebagai [["Nasserist"]] dan hubungan dekat dikembangkan untuk [[Mesir]] bahkan sebelum kemerdekaan tercapai. Materi [[Gamal Abdul Nasser|Nasser}]], dukungan emosional dan politik dari gerakan [[Aljazair]] akan datang menyebabkan dia kesulitan, karena memainkan peran utama dalam pilihan [[Prancis]] untuk berperang dengan dirinya selama [[Krisis Suez 1956]].
==Algerian independence==
 
== Sesudah Kemerdekaan ==
After [[Algeria]]'s independence was recognized, Ben Bella quickly became more popular, and thereby more powerful. In June 1962, he challenged the leadership of Premier [[Benyoucef Ben Khedda]]; this led to several disputes among his rivals in the FLN, which were quickly suppressed by Ben Bella's rapidly growing number of supporters, most notably within the armed forces. By September, Bella was in control of Algeria by all but name, and was elected as premier in a one-sided election on [[20 September]], which was recognized by the United States on [[September 29]]. [[Algeria]] was admitted as the 109th member of the [[United Nations]] on [[8 October]] 1962. Afterwards, Ben Bella declared that Algeria would follow a neutral course in world politics; within a week he met with [[U.S. President]] [[John F. Kennedy]] requesting more aid for [[Algeria]], and with [[Fidel Castro]], expressing approval of Castro's demands for the abandonment of [[Guantánamo Bay, Cuba|Guantanamo Bay]], and returned to Algeria requesting that [[France]] withdraw from its bases there.
 
Setelah kemerdekaan [[Aljazair]], Ben Bella dengan cepat menjadi lebih populer. Pada bulan Juni [[1962]], dia menantang kepemimpinan dari Premier Benyoucef Benkhedda, hal ini menyebabkan perselisihan di antara beberapa saingannya di FLN, yang dengan cepat ditekan dengan jumlah pendukung Ben Bella yang berkembang pesat, terutama dalam angkatan bersenjata. Pada bulan September, Bella mengendalikan Aljazair dan terpilih sebagai perdana menteri dalam pemilihan satu sisi pada tanggal [[20 September]], yang diakui oleh [[Amerika Serikat]] pada [[29 September]]. Aljazair mengaku sebagai anggota 109 Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa pada tanggal [[8 Oktober]] [[1962]].
In [[1963]] he was elected President in an uncontested election, and also led Algeria's costly but ultimately victorious defense against Moroccan invasion in the [[Sand war]]. After stabilizing the country, Ben Bella embarked on a series of popular but somewhat anarchic land reforms to the benefit of landless farmers, and increasingly turned to socialist rhetoric. In balancing factions within the Algerian government, notably the FLN army, the former guerrillas and the state bureaucracy, his rule became increasingly autocratic. Eccentric and arrogant behaviour towards colleagues is said to have alienated many former supporters, and, while he promoted the development of his own cult of personality, by [[1964]] he was dedicating more time to foriegn affairs than local political developments. In [[1965]], Ben Bella was deposed by army strongman and close friend [[Houari Boumédiènne]] in [[1965]], and placed under house arrest until [[1980]], when he was granted exile in [[Switzerland]]. He lived for 10 years in [[Lausanne]], but was allowed to return to his homeland in [[1990]].
 
Pada tahun [[1963]] ia terpilih sebagai Presiden dalam pemilu yang tidak terbantahkan, dan juga memimpin pertahanan mahal [[Aljazair]] melawan invasi [[Maroko]] dalam perang Pasir. Setelah menstabilkan negara, Ben Bella memulai serangkaian reformasi tanah populer tetapi agak anarkis untuk kepentingan petani tak bertanah, dan semakin berpaling pada retorika sosialis. Kebijakan-Nya Autogestion, atau self-manajemen, diadopsi setelah petani merampas bekas tanah Prancis. Dalam menyeimbangkan faksi dalam pemerintah [[Aljazair]], khususnya tentara FLN, yang mantan gerilyawan dan birokrasi negara, pemerintahannya menjadi semakin otokratis. Perilaku eksentrik dan arogan terhadap rekan dikatakan telah mengasingkan banyak mantan pendukung, dan, sementara ia dipromosikan pengembangan kultus kepribadian, tahun [[1964]] dia mendedikasikan lebih banyak waktu untuk urusan luar negeri dari perkembangan politik lokal. Pada tahun 1965, Ben Bella digulingkan oleh tentara pimipinan [[Houari Boumedienne]] teman dekatnya pada tahun [[1965]], dan ditempatkan di bawah tahanan rumah hingga [[1980]], ketika dia diberikan pengasingan di Swiss. Dia tinggal selama 10 tahun di [[Lausanne]], namun diizinkan untuk kembali ke tanah airnya pada tahun 1990.
==Recent activities==
 
Ben Bella was elected President of the [[International Campaign Against Aggression on Iraq]] at its [[Cairo]] Conference. Ben Bella has described himself numerous times in interviews as an [[Islamist]] of a mild and peace loving flavor. Despite his former [[one party state]] he now vocally advocates democracy in Algeria. He has described the militant voice rising in the Islamic world as having developed from an incorrect and faulty interpretation of [[Islam]]. He is a controversial figure, but widely respected for his role in the anti-colonial struggle, and seen by many Arab intellectuals as one of the last original [[Arab nationalism|Arab nationalists]].-->
 
Ahmed Ben Bella dianugerahi gelar [[Pahlawan Uni Soviet]] pada [[30 April]], [[1964]]
 
== Pranala luar ==
Baris 36 ⟶ 35:
* [http://www.rulers.org/indexb2.html#benbella Ben Bella's biography from rulers.org]
* [http://i-cias.com/e.o/benbella.htm Profile of the ruler]
* [http://www.archipress.org/bb/ French Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329061221/http://www.archipress.org/bb/ |date=2010-03-29 }}
* [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/COLDbella.htm Spartacus Source] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061010035352/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/COLDbella.htm |date=2006-10-10 }}
* [http://people.africadatabase.org/en/profile/2104.html Africa Database]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/low/dates/stories/june/20/newsid_2943000/2943388.stm BBC on June 20, 1965] - on the coup against Ben Bella.
* [http://www.voltairenet.org/article138838.html The liberation of the people in the South is still unachieved] by Ahmed Ben bella, [[Voltaire Network]], 9 May 2006.
 
 
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Baris 47 ⟶ 45:
{{succession box|title=[[Perdana Menteri Aljazair]]|before=''Tidak Ada''|after=Posisi Kosong<br />sejak 1979|years=[[1962]]–[[1963]]}}
{{end box}}
 
{{bio-stub}}
 
[[Kategori:Kelahiran 1916|Bella, Ahmed Ben]]
[[Kategori:Presiden Aljazair|Bella, Ahmed Ben]]
[[Kategori:Pemimpin Perang Dingin]]
 
[[ar:أحمد بن بلة]]
[[bg:Ахмед Бен Бела]]
[[br:Ahmed Ben Bella]]
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[[he:אחמד בן בלה]]
[[hr:Ahmed Ben Bella]]
▲[[hu:Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella]]
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[[ja:ベン・ベラ]]
[[nl:Ahmed Ben Bella]]
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[[tg:Аҳмед Бен Белла]]
[[tr:Ahmed Bin Bella]]
[[zh:艾哈邁德·本·貝拉]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Ahmad_bin_Billah"