Pengeboman Kerman 2024: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Pada 3 Januari 2024, upacara peringatan [[serangan Bandar Udara Internasional Bagdad 2020|pembunuhan]] Jenderal [[Qasem Soleimani]] di makamnya di timur [[Kerman]], [[Iran]] terganggu oleh dua ledakan bom. Serangan tersebut menewaskan 211 orang dan melukai 171 orang lainnya.<ref name="cas1"/><ref name="ap211"/> Pemerintah Iran menyatakan pengeboman tersebut sebagai serangan teroris,<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |title=Twin bomb blasts near Iran general Qasem Soleimani's tomb kill 73 – state TV |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67872281 |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=BBC |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103124852/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67872281 |url-status=live }}</ref> sehingga menjadikan pengeboman ini sebagai peristiwa paling mematikan di negara ini sejak [[kebakaran Cinema Rex]] yang merupakan bagian dari [[Revolusi Iran]].<ref name="ap141"/>
== Latar belakang ==
[[Berkas:Women reciting Fatiha on Qasem Soleimani's grave 01.jpg|thumb|left|The tomb of Qasem Soleimani at the Martyrs' Cemetery in [[Kerman]], 2021]]
{{lebih lanjut|Serangan Bandar Udara Internasional Bagdad 2020|Pemakaman Qasem Soleimani|Konflik proksi Iran–Israel}}
Pada 3 Januari 2020, Jenderal [[Qasem Soleimani]] tewas dalam [[serangan kendaraan nirawak|serangan pesawat nirawak]] di [[Bandar Udara Internasional Bagdad]], [[Bagdad]], [[Irak]] oleh Amerika Serikat. Soleimani adalah komandan [[Pasukan Quds]] dari [[Korps Pengawal Revolusi Islam]] (Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, IRGC). Soleimani memegang jabatan yang sangat berpengaruh di Iran dan secara luas dianggap sebagai tokoh paling berkuasa kedua di negara itu setelah Pemimpin Tertinggi Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Sebagai pemimpin Pasukan Quds, cabang operasi luar negeri IRGC, ia memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk kebijakan Iran di kawasan itu. Soleimani bertanggung jawab mengawasi misi rahasia dan memberikan panduan, pendanaan, senjata, intelijen, dan dukungan logistik kepada pemerintah sekutu dan kelompok bersenjata, termasuk [[Hamas]] dan [[Hizbullah (Lebanon)|Hizbullah]].<ref name="BBC"/><ref name=":0">{{Cite news|date=3 January 2024|title=Iran says at least 73 killed in 'terror' blasts near grave of IRGC general Soleimani|work=Times of Israel|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog-january-03-2024/|access-date=3 January 2024|archive-date=3 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103001122/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog-january-03-2024/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Selama rangkaian pemakaman Soleimani di [[Kerman]] pada 7 Januari 2020, terjadi insiden desak-desakan yang menewaskan 50 pelayat dan melukai lebih dari 200 pelayat.<ref name="BBC"/> Serangan ini terjadi di tengah meningkatnya ketegangan di [[Timur Tengah]] setelah [[perang Israel−Hamas 2023]] dan konflik limpahannya. Sehari sebelum pemboman, [[pembunuhan Salih al-Aruri|serangan pesawat nirawak]] Israel di Lebanon menewaskan wakil pemimpin Hamas [[Salih al-Aruri]],<ref name="BBC"/> sementara seminggu sebelumnya, serangan udara Israel menewaskan jenderal Iran [[Sayyed Razi Mousavi]] di [[Suriah]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67820538 | title=Israeli strike in Syria kills Iranian commander, Iran says | date=25 December 2023 }}</ref> Memasuki dasawarsa 2020-an, ISIS dan kelompok ekstremis [[Sunni]] lainnya telah melancarkan serangan serupa di negara mayoritas Syiah tersebut.<ref name="ap141">{{cite news |title=Iran says at least 103 people killed, 141 wounded in blasts at ceremony honoring slain general |url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-us-soleimani-explosion-kerman-2524cfed1d040370bf98000e2b53ad5a |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=Associated Press |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103143210/https://apnews.com/article/iran-us-soleimani-explosion-kerman-2524cfed1d040370bf98000e2b53ad5a |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Pengeboman ==
Ledakan kembar ini menghantam rangkaian menuju makam Soleimani di Pemakaman Golzar Shohada di sekitar Masjid Saheb al-Zaman untuk memperingati ulang tahun ke-4 kematiannya.<ref name="guardian">{{cite news |title=Over 100 dead in blasts at memorial for assassinated Iranian commander |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/03/dead-in-blasts-at-memorial-for-assassinated-iranian-commander |access-date=3 January 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133623/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/jan/03/dead-in-blasts-at-memorial-for-assassinated-iranian-commander |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="BBC" /> Ledakan pertama terjadi berjarak 700 meter dari makam Soleimani di dekat tempat parkir, sedangkan ledakan kedua terjadi berjarak satu kilometer di Jalan Shohada tempat banyak orang melarikan diri.<ref name="ap211"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Iran: Deadly blasts near grave of slain Qassem Soleimani |url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-deadly-blasts-near-grave-of-slain-qassem-soleimani/a-67882464 |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=dw.com |language=en |quote="We are deeply saddened by the many deaths in today's explosions in #Kerman, including many children," Germany's Foreign Ministry wrote on Wednesday on X, formerly Twitter. |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103135308/https://www.dw.com/en/iran-deadly-blasts-near-grave-of-slain-qassem-soleimani/a-67882464 |url-status=live }}</ref> Bahan peledak ditempatkan sedemikian rupa untuk mencegah deteksi di gerbang keamanan.<ref name=aj103/> Ledakan terjadi selang waktu antara 10 dan 15 menit.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bombs kill 73 at Iran commemorations for slain general: state media |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240103-bombs-kill-73-at-iran-commemorations-for-slain-general-state-media |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=France 24 |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103152003/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240103-bombs-kill-73-at-iran-commemorations-for-slain-general-state-media |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Iran says at least 73 people killed, 170 wounded in blasts at ceremony honoring slain general |url=https://apnews.com/article/iran-us-soleimani-explosion-kerman-2524cfed1d040370bf98000e2b53ad5a |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=Associated Press |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103143210/https://apnews.com/article/iran-us-soleimani-explosion-kerman-2524cfed1d040370bf98000e2b53ad5a |url-status=live }}</ref> Menurut laporan media Iran, serangan itu dilakukan dengan menggunakan dua bom tas yang ditempatkan di pintu masuk.<ref name=aj103>{{cite news |title=More than 100 killed in Iran blasts near Soleimani's tomb during ceremony |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/3/blasts-reported-as-iran-commemorates |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103152113/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/1/3/blasts-reported-as-iran-commemorates |url-status=live }}</ref> Bahan peledak tersebut diledakkan dari jarak jauh. Seorang saksi mengatakan salah satu bom ditempatkan di dalam tempat sampah.<ref name=f103>{{cite news |title=Bombs kill 103 at Iran memorial for slain general: state media |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240103-bombs-kill-73-at-iran-commemorations-for-slain-general-state-media |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=France 24 |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103152003/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240103-bombs-kill-73-at-iran-commemorations-for-slain-general-state-media |url-status=live }}</ref> Wakil Gubernur Kerman mengatakan peristiwa ini adalah serangan teroris.<ref name="BBC"/><ref name=":0" /><ref name="i24">{{cite news |title=Iranian official declares explosion near Soleimani's tomb was a 'terrorist attack' |url=https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/middle-east/iran-eastern-states/1704283321-iranian-media-reports-explosion-near-soleimani-s-tomb-on-anniversary-of-irgc-commander-s-death |access-date=3 January 2024 |publisher=i24 News |date=3 January 2024 |archive-date=3 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103152004/https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/middle-east/iran-eastern-states/1704283321-iranian-media-reports-explosion-near-soleimani-s-tomb-on-anniversary-of-irgc-commander-s-death |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Lihat pula ==
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[[Kategori:Iran dalam tahun 2024]]
[[Kategori:Ledakan di Iran|Kerman]]
[[Kategori:Insiden teroris di Iran]]
[[Kategori:Pengeboman bunuh diri di Iran|Kerman]]
[[Kategori:Provinsi Kerman]]
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