Kabinet Natsir: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Under construction}}{{Infobox government cabinet
| cabinet_name = Kabinet Natsir
| cabinet_number =ke-12
| jurisdiction = Indonesia
| flag = Flag of Indonesia.svg
| flag_border = true
| incumbent =1950–1951
| image2 = Indonesia Natsir Cabinet.jpg
| caption =
| date_formed =
| date_dissolved =
| political_party = {{ubl|[[Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia]]|[[Persatuan Indonesia Raya]]|Faksi Demokratik|[[Partai Sosialis Indonesia]]|[[Partai Katolik]]|[[Partai Kristen Indonesia]]|[[Partai Indonesia Raya]]|[[Partai Sarekat Islam Indonesia]]|[[Independen]]}}
| government_head = [[Mohammad Natsir]]
| government_head_history =Mantan [[Menteri Penerangan Indonesia|Menteri Penerangan]]<br/>(1946–1949)<br/>Mantan anggota [[Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat]]<br/>(1945–1949)
| state_head = [[Soekarno]]
| members_number = 18
| ministerial_level_members_numbers=
| deputy_members_number =
| former_members_number =
| deputy_government_head =[[
| total_number =
| legislature_status =
Baris 34:
| previous = [[Kabinet RIS]]<br/>[[Kabinet Halim]]
| successor = [[Kabinet Sukiman-Suwirjo]]
|deputy_government_head_title=[[Wakil Perdana Menteri Indonesia|Wakil Perdana Menteri]]|government_head_title=[[Perdana Menteri Indonesia|Perdana Menteri]]|state_head_title=[[Presiden Indonesia|Presiden]]|governor_general_title=[[Wakil Presiden Indonesia|Wakil Presiden]]|governor_general=[[Mohammad Hatta]]}}
{{Politics of Indonesia}}
{{Seri Soekarno}}
'''Kabinet Natsir'''<ref>Kabinet Natsir dibentuk dengan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 1950 tertanggal [[6 September]] [[1950]].</ref><ref>Dengan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 43 Tahun 1951 tanggal [[21 Maret]] [[1951]], Kabinet Natsir demisioner sejak [[21 Maret]] [[1951]].</ref> adalah kabinet pertama yang dibentuk setelah pembubaran negara [[Republik Indonesia Serikat]], dan kembali menjadi [[Negara Kesatuan]] [[Republik Indonesia]]. Kabinet ini diumumkan pada [[6 September]] [[1950]] dan bertugas sejak [[7 September]] [[1950]] hingga [[21 Maret]] [[1951]].
[[Mohammad Natsir]] dilantik pada 7 September 1950 di [[Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat]] oleh Presiden Soekarno sebagai Perdana Menteri pertama [[Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dzulfikridin|first=Mohammad|year=2010|title=Mohammad Natsir—Dalam Sejarah Politik Indonesia—Peran dan Jasa Natsir dalam Dua Orde Indonesia|location=Bandung, Indonesia|publisher=PT Mizan Pustaka|pages=18}}</ref> Pada masa Kabinet Natsir, terjadi beberapa pemberontakan di seluruh Indonesia dan permasalahan keamanan dalam negeri, seperti [[Gerakan DI/TII]], [[Peristiwa Andi Azis]], [[Pemberontakan APRA]], dan separatis [[Republik Maluku Selatan]]. Negosiasi terhadap [[Irian Barat]] juga dilakukan namun menemui kebuntuan. Pada 22 Januari 1951, parlemen mengajukan [[mosi tidak percaya]] dan menang, yang berakibat Perdana Menteri Natsir harus mengembalikan mandatnya kepada Presiden Soekarno pada 21 Maret 1951. Penyebab lain dibubarkannya Kabinet Natsir adalah diterimanya mosi dari [[Hadikusumo]], yang mengajukan pembubaran [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah]] (DPRD) yang telah dibentuk. Menurut pemerintah, mosi tersebut seharusnya tidak dapat diajukan karena alasan hukum formil.
== Pimpinan ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="2" width=350|Presiden
!colspan="2" width=270|Wakil Presiden
|-
| align="right"|[[Soekarno]]
| align="right" width=100|[[Berkas:Presiden_Sukarno.jpg|100px]]
| align="left" width=100|[[Berkas:Mohammad Hatta, Pekan Buku Indonesia 1954, p242.jpg|100px]]
| align="left"|[[Mohammad Hatta]]
|}
==
Berikut ini adalah anggota Kabinet Natsir.
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |No.
! rowspan="2" |Jabatan
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Pejabat
! colspan="2" |Periode
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Partai Politik
|-
!Mulai menjabat
!Selesai menjabat
|-
! colspan="8"|Perdana dan Wakil Perdana Menteri
|-
| align="center" | 1
| align="center" | [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Indonesia|Perdana Menteri]]
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Mohammad Natsir 1950s.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Mohammad Natsir]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#000000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (1945)|Masyumi]]
|-
| align="center" | 2
| align="center" | [[Daftar Wakil Perdana Menteri Indonesia|Wakil Perdana Menteri]]
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Hamengkubuwana IX Suara Rakyat 2 Apr 1952 p1.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana IX]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor={{Independen (politikus)/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | Nonpartai
|-
! colspan="8"|Menteri
|-
|
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Mohammad Roem]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#000000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (1945)|Masyumi]]
|-
|
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Assaat]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor={{Independen (politikus)/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | Nonpartai
|-
| align="center" rowspan=2|
| align="center" rowspan=2| [[Daftar Menteri Pertahanan
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Abdul Halim Prime Minister.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Abdoel Halim|Abdul Halim]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 17 Desember 1950
| bgcolor={{Independen (politikus)/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | Nonpartai
|-
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Mohammad Natsir 1950s.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Mohammad Natsir]]
| align="center" | 17 Desember 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#000000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (1945)|Masyumi]]
|-
|
| align="center" | [[
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Wongsonegoro, Kami Perkenalkan (1954), p17.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Wongsonegoro]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#B79164|
| align="center" | [[Persatuan Indonesia Raya|PIR]]
|-
|
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Melkias Agustinus Pellaupessy.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#000080|
| align="center" | Demokrat
|-
|
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri Keuangan Indonesia|Menteri Keuangan]]
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Menkeu Sjafrudin.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Syafruddin Prawiranegara]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#000000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (1945)|Masyumi]]
|-
|
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Tandiono Manu]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#EA0000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Sosialis Indonesia|PSI]]
|-
|
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri Perdagangan Indonesia|Menteri Perdagangan dan Perindustrian]]
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Sumitro Djojohadikusumo]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#EA0000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Sosialis Indonesia|PSI]]
|-
| align="center" | 11
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Djuanda Kartawidjaja]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor={{Independen (politikus)/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | Nonpartai
|-
| align="center" | 12
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Herman Johannes]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#B79164|
| align="center" | [[Persatuan Indonesia Raya|PIR]]
|-
| align="center" | 13
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Pandji Suroso]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#B79164|
| align="center" | [[Partai Indonesia Raya|Parindra]]
|-
| align="center" | 14
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Fredericus Soetrisno Harjadi]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor={{Partai Katolik/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | [[Partai Katolik (Indonesia)|PKRI]]
|-
| align="center" | 15
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor={{Independen (politikus)/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | Nonpartai
|-
| align="center" | 16
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Wahid Hasjim]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor=#000000|
| align="center" | [[Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (1945)|Masyumi]]
|-
| align="center" | 17
| align="center" | [[Daftar Menteri
| align="center" | [[Berkas:
| align="center" | [[Johannes Leimena]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 21 Maret 1951
| bgcolor={{Partai Kristen Indonesia/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | [[Partai Kristen Indonesia|Parkindo]]
|-
| align="center" | 18
| align="center" | [[Menteri Negara]]
| align="center" | [[Berkas:Harsono Tjokroaminoto, Pekan Buku Indonesia 1954, p247.jpg|75px]]
| align="center" | [[Harsono Tjokroaminoto]]
| align="center" | 7 September 1950
| align="center" | 31 Desember 1950
| bgcolor={{Partai Syarikat Islam Indonesia/meta/color}}|
| align="center" | [[Partai Syarikat Islam Indonesia|PSII]]
|}
==
=== Pembentukan kabinet ===
On 20 August 1949, President Sukarno exercised his prerogative by appointing Mohammad Natsir to become a cabinet formation. The Natsir's Cabinet was a coalition cabinet with Masyumi Party's as it core.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} However, the [[:en:Indonesian_National_Party|PNI]] did not get a position in this cabinet, most of the member of this party consists of Masyumi Party people, although there were non-party members in the cabinet. This cabinet was where well-known professional figures sit in it, such as Sri Sultan [[:en:Hamengkubuwana_IX|Hamengkubuwana IX]], Ir. Djuanda and Prof. Dr. [[:en:Sumitro_Djojohadikusumo|Sumitro Djojohadikusumo]]. It is why the cabinet got the epithet 'Zaken Cabinet'.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Afrianto|first=Dedy|date=18 July 2019|title=Diorama Kabinet "Zaken"|url=https://kompas.id//baca/utama/2019/07/18/diorama-kabinet-zaken-1/|work=Kompas.id|access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref> Natsir motive was to lead a nationalistic cabinet with coalition parties as the members. However, this cannot be fulfilled because there was a fight for seat formation in the cabinet between PNI and Masyumi Party, causing displeasure from PNI's side and difficulty in pursuing PNI to join his cabinet. In this case, Natsir reasoned that his party had more rights than any other party, yet on the other hand, the PNI did not agree with this because, for them, all parties were entitled to a position in the cabinet. PNI demanded that people from their party got the position as Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Ministry of Education. After negotiating, PNI were willing to give up the position of Ministry of Foreign Affairs to Masyumi and Ministry of Education for another party with the promise of taking the position as Ministry of Home Affairs. Yet, the hope of getting that position had to crumble after it was decided that Masyumi must take the position. PNI conceded this unfair considering the position of Prime Minister itself already filled with Masyumi.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
Besides being criticised by other parties, Natsir Cabinet also got criticised by its own core party, Masyumi. The criticism was aimed at December 1949 congressional decision that banned a party's general chairman from becoming a minister.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Subarkah|first=Muhammad|date=31 August 2018|title=Sukarno-Natsir:Lawan Pendapat Bukan Musuh yang Harus Dihabis|url=https://www.republika.co.id/berita/kolom/wacana/18/08/31/pebj8r385-sukarnonatsirlawan-pendapat-bukan-musuh-yang-harus-dihabis|website=Republika.co.id|access-date=4 September 2019}}</ref> The purpose of this congress was party consolidation but it was changed by the Party Council in Bogor at 3–6 June 1950 that profess the federal system could no longer be maintained. In order to not violated the congress decision too much, Natsir was deactivated from his position as the general chairman of Masyumi Party and was replaced by Jusuf Wibisono.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
=== Penunjukan pertama ===
Setelah diratifikasi dan dilantik pada 6 September 1950, Kabinet Natsit dapat bekerja secara efektif setelah mendapatkan kepercayaan dan persetujuan program kerja dari parlemen dalam sesi 25 Oktober 1950, dengan 188 suara mendukung dan 73 suara menolak.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
== Program kerja ==
Adapun '''Program Kabinet Natsir''' adalah sebagai berikut:
*Mempersiapkan dan menyelenggarakan Pemilihan Umum untuk Dewan Konstituante dalam waktu yang singkat.
* Mencapai konsolidasi dan menyempurnakan susunan Pemerintahan serta membentuk peralatan Negara yang bulat berdasarkan Pasal 146 di dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Sementara 1950.
* Menggiatkan berbagai usaha untuk mencapai keamanan dan ketenteraman.
Baris 210 ⟶ 289:
[[Kategori:Kabinet Indonesia|Natsir]]
[[Kategori:Pendirian tahun 1950 di Indonesia]]
[[Kategori:Pembubaran tahun 1951 di Indonesia]]
[[Kategori:Kabinet yang didirikan tahun 1950]]
[[Kategori:Kabinet yang dibubarkan tahun 1951]]
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