Suku Dayak: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(4 revisi perantara oleh 2 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 88:
|region8 = {{Flagicon|Brunei}} [[Brunei Darussalam]]
|pop8 = 51.000
|langs =[[Rumpun bahasa Dayak|Dayak]], [[bahasa IndonesiaBanjar|IndonesiaBanjar]] dan, [[bahasa Melayu|Melayu]], dan [[bahasa Indonesia|Indonesia]].
|rels =Mayoritas [[Berkas:Christian cross.svg|12px]] [[Kristen]] ([[Katolik]] & [[Protestanisme|Protestan]]) <br>Minoritas: [[Berkas:Allah-green.svg|15px]] [[Islam]], [[Berkas:Batang Garing 1.jpeg|15px]] [[Kaharingan]], [[Berkas:Dharma Wheel (2).svg|18px]] [[Agama Buddha|Buddha]]
|related= [[Suku KutaiBanjar|KutaiBanjar]], [[suku Bulungan|Bulungan]], [[Suku TidungKutai|TidungKutai]], [[Suku BanjarTidung|BanjarTidung]], [[Suku Melayu|Melayu]], [[Suku Bajau|Bajau]], [[Suku Rejang|Rejang]]
}}
 
'''Suku Dayak'''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indonesianhistory.info/map/discoverethnic.html |title=Ethnicity and territory in the late colonial imagination |access-date=2011-07-23 |archive-date=2012-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120107013426/http://www.indonesianhistory.info/map/discoverethnic.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Sellato|first=Bernard|year=2002|url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=58r5K9h8jS8C&lpg=PA32&dq=Gouvernement%20Borneo&pg=PA19#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Innermost Bornéo: studies in Dayak cultures|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=2914936028|pages=19}}ISBN 978-2-914936-02-6</ref><ref name="Joseph Barnard Davis">{{cite book|first=[[Joseph Barnard Davis|Joseph Barnard]] | last=Davis |title=Thesaurus craniorum: Catalogue of the skulls of the various races of man, in the collection of Joseph Barnard Davis | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6UovAAAAYAAJ&dq=bandjermassing&hl=id&pg=PA289#v=onepage&q=bandjermassing&f=false |publisher=Printed for the subscribers | year=1867}}</ref><ref name="Malayan miscellanies">{{cite book|author=Malayan miscellanies | url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=fBYIAAAAQAAJ&dq=dayak%20Malayan%20miscellanies&pg=RA1-PA51#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Malayan miscellanies | publisher=Malayan miscellanies | year=1820}}</ref><ref name="Kathy MacKinnon">{{cite book|last=MacKinnon|first=[[Kathy MacKinnon|Kathy]]|year=1996|url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=70iB6Tf62OkC&lpg=PA358&dq=dayak%20The%20ecology%20of%20Kalimantan&pg=PA358#v=onepage&q=dayak%20The%20ecology%20of%20Kalimantan&f=false|title=The ecology of Kalimantan|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780945971733}}ISBN 0-945971-73-7</ref><ref name="East India Company">{{cite book|author=[[East India Company]]|url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=yFisQ6cm4hcC&dq=lawai%20rivier&pg=PA118#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=The Asiatic journal and monthly miscellany|volume=12 | publisher=Wm. H. Allen & Co |year=1821}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/dayak|title=Dayak (suku)|author=<!--Not stated-->|website=kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id|publisher=Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia|access-date=17 Juni 2021|quote=Dayak merupakan suku bangsa yang mendiami daerah Kalimantan}}</ref> ( {{IPAc-en|'|d|aI|.|@|k|audio=En-us-Dayak from Indonesia pronunciation (Voice of America).ogg}}; [[ejaan lama]]: '''Dajak''' atau '''Dyak''')<ref>{{cite book|pages=171 |url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=LpgbAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dyak&pg=RA2-PA177#v=onepage&q=Dyak&f=false |title=Calcutta review|volume=48-49|author=University of Calcutta|publisher=University of Calcutta|year=1869}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|pages=121 |url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=MIBNAAAAYAAJ&dq=Dyak&pg=PA121#v=onepage&q=Dyak&f=false |title=The London review of politics, society, literature, art, & science|volume=11|publisher=J.K. Sharpe (1865)}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|pages=1110 |url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=8XsLAQAAIAAJ&dq=Dyak&pg=PA1110#v=onepage&q=Dyak&f=false |title=Uncivilized races of men in all countries of the world: being a comprehensive account of their manners and customs, and of their physical, social, mental, moral and religious characteristics|volume=2|first=John George |last=Wood|publisher=J. B. Burr & co.|year=1870}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|pages=80|url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=OYMFAAAAQAAJ&dq=Dyak&pg=RA2-PA80#v=onepage&q=Dyak&f=false |title=The London Saturday journal (1841)}}</ref> adalah [[Etnisitas|suku bangsa]] atau [[Etnisitas|kelompok multi etnik]] yang mendiami pedalaman [[Kalimantan|Pulau Kalimantan]]. Kata "daya" serumpun dengan misalnya kata "raya" dalam nama "Toraya" yang berarti "orang (di) atas, orang hulu".
 
Berdasarkan bukti-bukti arkeologis yang ditemukan di [[Taman Nasional Niah|Gua Niah]] ([[Sarawak]]) dan [[Gua Babi]] ([[Kalimantan Selatan]]), penghuni pertama Kalimantan memiliki ciri-ciri [[Austro-Melanesia]], dengan proporsi tulang kerangka yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan penghuni Kalimantan masa kini yang mendiami Pulau [[Kalimantan]] ([[Brunei Darussalam]], [[Malaysia]] yang terdiri dari [[Sabah]] dan [[Sarawak]], serta [[Indonesia]] yang terdiri dari [[Kalimantan Barat]], [[Kalimantan Timur]], [[Kalimantan Tengah]], [[Kalimantan Utara]], dan [[Kalimantan Selatan]]). Ada 3 suku pokok atau 5 suku asli [[Kalimantan]] yaitu [[suku Melayu|Melayu]], [[rumpun Dayak|Dayak]], [[suku Banjar|Banjar]], [[suku Kutai|Kutai]], dan [[suku Tidung|Tidung]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Haris|first=Syamsuddin|year=2004|url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=mF6bdlj8qrYC&lpg=PA186&dq=banjar%20sumatera%20utara&pg=PA188#v=onepage&q=banjar%20sumatera%20utara&f=true|title=Desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah: Naskah akademik dan RUU usulan LIPI|publisher=Yayasan Obor Indonesia|isbn=979-98014-1-9|pages=188}}ISBN 978-979-98014-1-8</ref>
Baris 105:
* "[[Rumpun bahasa Borneo Utara|Borneo Utara]]" (99 bahasa), termasuk bahasa Yakan di Filipina serta satu suku yang berdiri dengan nama sukunya sendiri yaitu [[Suku Tidung]].<ref>http://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/north-borneo</ref>
* "[[Rumpun Bahasa Sulawesi Selatan|Sulawesi]]" dituturkan 3 suku Dayak di pedalaman Kalbar: Dayak Taman, Dayak Embaloh, Dayak Kalis disebut rumpun Dayak Banuaka.<ref>http://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/tamanic</ref><ref>http://press.anu.edu.au//austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch04s04.html</ref>
* "[[Rumpun bahasa Melayik|Dayak Melayik]]" dituturkan: [[Suku Dayak Meratus|Dayak Meratus]]/Bukit (alias Banjar [[arkhais]]), [[Suku Dayak Iban|Dayak Iban]] (dan Saq Senganan]] (Malayic Dayak), [[Dayak Kendayan]] (Kanayatn). Beberapa suku asal Kalimantan beradat Melayu yang terkait dengan rumpun ini sebagai suku-suku tersendiri yang berdiri mandiri ataupun suku Melayu itu sendiri yaitu [[Suku Banjar]], [[Suku Kutai]], [[Suku Berau|Suku Melayu Berau]], [[Suku Sambas|Suku Melayu Sambas]], dan [[Suku Kedayan|Suku Melayu kedayan]].<ref>http://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/malayic</ref><ref>http://press.anu.edu.au//austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch04s03.html</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Schulze|first=Fritz|year=2006|url=http://books.google.co.id/books?id=wsWX4TTfFAEC&lpg=PA47&dq=Insular%20Southeast%20Asia%20banjar%20kutai%20lakes%20malay&pg=PA47#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Insular Southeast Asia: linguistic and cultural studies in honour of Bernd Nothofer|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|isbn=3447054778|pages=47|coauthors=Holger Warnk}} ISBN 978-3-447-05477-5</ref>
 
== Etimologi ==
Baris 140:
 
Etnis Dayak Kalimantan menurut seorang antropologi J.U. Lontaan, 1975 dalam Bukunya Hukum Adat dan Adat Istiadat Kalimantan Barat, terdiri dari 6 suku besar dan 405 sub suku kecil, yang menyebar di seluruh Kalimantan.<ref>Hukum Adat dan Istiadat Kalimantan Barat, J.U. Lontaan. 1975</ref>
 
== Y-DNA Sub Suku Dayak ==
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Genetika Y-DNA Meratus dalam tabel
| label1 = [[:en:Haplogroup_C-M130 |C]]
| value1 = 3.1
| color1 = Green
| label2 = [[:en:Haplogroup_D-CTS3946 |D]]
| value2 = 3.1
| color2 = Purple
| label3 = [[:en:Haplogroup_F-M89 |F]]
| value3 = 3.1
| color3 = Orange
| label4 = [[:en:Haplogroup_K-M9 |K]]
| value4 = 6.3
| color4 = Blue
| label5 = [[:en:Haplogroup_M-P256 |M]]
| value5 = 3.1
| color5 = Red
| label6 = [[:en:Haplogroup_O-M175 |O]]
| value6 = 9.4
| color6 = Violet
| label7 = [[:en:Haplogroup_O-M119 |O1a]]
| value7 = 9.4
| color7 = Brown
| label8 = [[:en:Haplogroup O-M268|O1b]]
| value8 = 34.4
| color8 = Black
| label9 = [[:en:Haplogroup_O-M122 |O2]]
| value9 = 21.9
| color9 = Grey
| label10 = [[:en:Haplogroup_R1a |R1a]]
| value10 = 3.1
| color10 = Magenta
| label11 =[[:en:Haplogroup G-M201 |G]]
| value11 = 3.1
| color11 = Pink
}} <br>
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Genetika Y-DNA suku Ngaju dalam tabel
| label1 = [[:en:Haplogroup_C-M130 |C]]
| value1 = 0
| color1 = Green
| label2 = [[:en:Haplogroup_F-M89 |F]]
| value2 = 6.7
| color2 = Orange
| label3 = [[:en:Haplogroup_O-M119 |O1a]] - [[Rumpun bahasa Austro-Tai|Austronesia-Thai]]
| value3 = 20
| color3 = Blue
| labe4 = [[:en:Haplogroup O-M268|O1b1a1a]] - [[Rumpun bahasa Austroasia| Austroasia]]
| value4 = 6.7
| color4 = Black
| labe5 = [[:en:Haplogroup_O-M122 |O2]] - [[Rumpun bahasa Sino-Tibet|Sino-Tibet]]
| value5 = 13.3
| color5 = Red
| label6 = [[:en:Haplogroup_K2a_ | K di duga kode DNA K2a K2b]]
| value6 = 26.6
| color6 = green
| label7 = [[:en:Haplogroup_O-M110 | O1a2]] - [[ keturunan O1a ]]
| value7 = 26.6
| color7 = white }}
 
== Dayak pada masa kini ==